Blood Type

How do I know the blood group: their own, to determine the Rh factor in the home without testing (algorithm), methods, equipment, table, test

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accidents, accidents: In human life different unexpected situations can occur. To rapidly assist the physician needs to know the basic medical patient data. Experts tell how to know the blood group easily and quickly.

Blood drop on finger

Why you may need

Group represents an ordinal number which is determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens in red blood cells. Know it is necessary in the following cases:

  • blood transfusion during the search for a suitable donor to the recipient and avoid their incompatibility;
  • when planning pregnancy - to prevent Rhesus conflict of mother and child;
  • in preparation for the operation.

Find a suitable donor can help blood group determination which is carried out in the laboratory. Only in this case a transfusion does not cause rejection and complications. Not all types of blood may mix with each other. So, the first group of the carrier is a universal donor for all people, and the blood of the second group can be transfuse patients only with the same or a group 4, the last - the best recipients, they can be poured any blood.

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Donated blood

In rare cases, during pregnancy appear immune conflicts between mother and child. The expectant mother should be tested for the presence of antibodies and are regularly checked by a doctor.

Important indicators such as the Rh factor.

Timely identification of the blood Rh factor will prevent Rhesus conflict expectant mothers.

How to prepare for the test

Prior to the determination of blood group and Rh factor is necessary:

  • correctly build your diet - do not overeat, drink plenty of pure water;
  • inform your doctor about taking medicines and drugs;
  • avoid stress and physical exertion;
  • stop smoking and drinking alcohol.
Smoking man

Physical therapy procedures will also have to temporarily set aside. Experts recommend to fast for 8-12 hours before giving blood. Analyzes shall be early in the morning, so this fasting person will not bring discomfort. After receiving the results, it is recommended to check blood again. This will help ensure the accuracy of the analysis.

How to determine the blood group in the clinic

The immunological laboratory performs blood test for Rh factor and determine its group affiliation. These laboratories operate in special medical centers and some hospitals. Apply to these institutions can people who are thinking about how to find your group.

To quickly diagnose the patient can consult a doctor, therapist at their residence. The doctor will issue a direction to which people come on the appointed day in the treatment room. The results will be ready in 2-3 working days, analyzes are carried out free of charge. In private clinics in the direction of the testing will not be required, blood can be taken here by appointment or without it. On the timing of receipt of finished laboratory results will tell, but often they are issued the next day.

The tubes on the analysis of

To conduct the study in a patient take a small amount of blood from the cubital vein. In similar purposes in the hospital in newborns, blood is taken from a vein in the head. And in fact, in both cases the algorithm for determining the blood group of the same blood, mixed with a special solution is placed in a test tube, and then - in a centrifuge. During this procedure, a precipitate is formed by the action agglutinin. The container with working material is added to a concentration of 3% saline.

In recognition of blood group determination technique remains the same. Today, doctors are still using standard AB0 system. This system is the basis of a special test to determine group and Rh. The letters A and B are designated special lipids, also referred agglutinogens.

To study the blood takes 2 servings.

First add the reagent anti-A, and the other - anti-B. It indicates the presence of antibodies to a particular group.

There are common methods for determining the Rh factor. If, after agitating the liquid in a centrifuge, on the surface of white flakes allocated diagnose Rh +. In the formation of pink liquid in a test tube experts concludes that the patient's Rh - negative. This method of determining the Rh factor allows to obtain a valid result is guaranteed.

Which technique is used

There is a common technique for defining the group and Rh factor. During the study used agglyutinogeny - antibodies. Here you may experience a positive or negative reaction. There are 4 versions of the final results. It:

  • complete absence of agglutination 4 working cells indicating a first group;
  • lack the desired reaction in cells 1 and 3, or the second group;
  • Group 3 in the absence of agglutination in cells 1 and 2;
  • presence of agglutination in cells 1, 2, 3 - 4 group.
Cells agglutinogens

ABO system allows you to learn the necessary information as soon as possible. This method of determining the blood group proved and used in most medical centers.

How do I know the blood group without tests

Today to determine their blood group belonging of each person can own, without resorting to a medical facility. The solution is to look relevant information in the medical records of their parents. Girls inherit his father's group, and the boys - the mother. Parents with identical performance, children are born with the same data. Obtain the necessary information, knowing the information of parents, help in the following table:

mom + dad's group Group child Probability%
1+1 1 100
1+2 1 or 2 50/50
1+3 1 or 3 50/50
1+4 2 or 3 50/50
2+2 1 or 2 25/75
2+3 1, 2, 3 or 4 25/50/25/25
2+4 2, 3 or 4 25/25/25
3+3 1 or 3 25/75
3+4 2,3 or 4 25/50/25
4+4 2, 3 or 4 25/25/50

Necessary information may be contained in the personal health card a person located in the clinic in the community. Learn information in the registry of medical institutions.

Ouija Board for the test

Check your data without analysis in the hospital can be with the help of a special test. To conduct the study at home you need to purchase a set consisting of several components:

  • planchette with a 5-hole, through which you can know the Rh factor and blood group;
  • instruments for obtaining samples;
  • glass rods for mixing liquids;
  • clean pipette for transporting fluids.

Set will allow a person to understand what his blood. Everyone can analyze yourself. The wells on the planchette reagents are antigens (Colyclons -A, -B, -AV), as well as to the main antigen, which allows you to check your Rh factor (Colyclons anti-D).

Hole number 5 comprises a control reagent. It helps to prevent the possible errors and inaccuracies, intelligently determine group membership and other important indicators. Despite the ease and availability of the procedure, the most proven way to study is still considered to be an appeal to a specialized laboratory or medical center. The probability of error in this case is relatively small.

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