How to correctly apply exercise therapy in scoliosis in children, adolescents and adults 1, 2, 3 degrees: video exercises

In patients with scoliosis,curved spine. Scoliosis is a change in the position of the spine, in which it bends either to the left or to the right. This can be both an innate disease and an acquired one. Externally manifested by protruding blades and ribs. More severe scoliosis can lead to serious diseases of the internal organs, because of their constant compression.

LFK in scoliosis:

targets When diagnosing a "curvature of the spine", the patient is prescribed a course of physical therapy. Complex exercise therapy for scoliosis is most often used in the initial stages, when the exercises can effectively correct the curvature, remove the asymmetry of the shoulders and pelvis, and fix the rollers. Together with wearing a corset and physiotherapy, this complex is effective in the treatment of scoliosis.

Therapeutic physical therapy assigned to the patient has the following objectives:

• posture correction;
• strengthening of the back muscles;
• relieving tension;
• elimination of imbalance of ligaments and muscles;
• overall health effect.

Types of the disease

There are four degrees of scoliosis:

1. First degree. The angle of curvature reaches 10 degrees. The stoop of the person is noticeable weakly, it is difficult to diagnose.
2. Second degree. The angle of curvature reaches 25 degrees. In this case, the patient has an asymmetry of the shoulders and pelvic bones. You can find a cushion in the waist and chest. It is necessary to urgently treat the patient.
3. Third degree, where the angle of curvature reaches 50 degrees. Essential deformity of the chest, shoulders and pelvis. Disturbed posture and prominent hump.
4. Fourth degree. Curvature of the spine over 50 degrees. Explicit asymmetry of the shoulders and pelvis, organs suffer. It is observed from two or more arcs of curvature.

Forms of curvature

For forms of curvature, scoliosis is divided into species:

• C-shaped - one arc of curvature is observed
• S-shaped - two arcs;
• Z-shaped - three arcs.

Rules

For maximum effect, the following conditions must be observed:

• Mandatory warm-up. Only on the heated muscles can exercise.
• Smooth, slow motion. Abrupt performance of exercises with a high probability can disrupt the back and aggravate the situation.
• The load is individual. Do not exercise with a heavy load if you experience discomfort. Everything should be within comfort. The prohibition of the use of objects with high weight.

Basic exercises of exercise therapy in scoliosis

Any activity in physiotherapy includes a warm-up, then the main exercises, and the final part. The main condition of these exercises is symmetry, they can be performed even at home. LFK with a scoliosis of 1 degree and 2 degrees practically do not differ.

Warm-up exercises

Attention: any exercise is repeated 5-10 times!

1. We lean our back against the wall so that both the heels, and the gluteal muscles, and the scapulae are on the same level. Under the supervision of a specialist, level the position of the shoulders, the pelvis. Further, with the preservation of the posture, we step two steps forward. Breath calm, without tension. We return back and repeat.
2. Squats. We stand straight, arms stretched out along, legs spread apart to the width of shoulders. Begin to perform squats, while stretching forward straight hands. The back is straight, straight. Squat - breathe in, rise - exhale. We do it under supervision, slowly.
3. Standing, legs apart, shoulder apart, hands free. We carry out the movement to the account once or twice or three. Once - inhale, lifting hands up. Two - we stretch upwards, three - we exhale, and we lower hands. Back while doing this exercise is even, we detach the shoulders from the ears.
4. The starting position is the same. We work with shoulders: to the account of times - two - three - four. The first four accounts move their shoulders forward, the next four accounts are back. And so time 5-10.Do not forget to breathe freely. Standing, the back is straight. Static exercise. Alternately raise each leg in the knee, and hold for a few seconds, you can count to 5. Repeat 5 times.

Basic exercises - video

• Lying on the back. We tear off the legs from the floor to a level of 30-40 degrees and perform the scissors exercise. The duration of the performance is half a minute. We do both right and left, and up and down. First left and right 30 seconds, then up and down 30 seconds. So repeat four times. For stability, you can put your palms under the gluteal muscles.
• Standing on all fours. Slowly lower the pelvis down, not removing your hands from the floor. We reach the buttocks of the heels and sit down on them, the head is lowered down, hands on the floor. Then slowly, with the help of hands we move the trunk to the right. Lingering in this position. Then we also slowly move to the left, we linger. This exercise is done 5 times in each direction.
• The starting position is the same. It is necessary to slowly perform the exercise "cat".Slow bending down and up. We perform 5 times.
• Exercise lying, with a firm cushion. We put it on the floor, and we lie on it with our belly. We gather our hands behind the back of the castle. Then gently and slowly lift the body up, as if stretching out his hands. If it is difficult, the instructor can help and lift. In this case, tension in the lumbar region can be felt. Make such approaches 10 times.
• Standing. Hands are free, legs are apart by shoulder width. The back is straight, we move the shoulder blades so that you can put your palm between them. Hold this position for 5 seconds. Repeat 10 times.
• On All Fours. We stretch simultaneously the right arm forward, the left leg back. In the joints do not bend, hold the position for 3-4 seconds. Then slowly change the arm and leg. Repeat 10 times on each side.
• Lie on your back, bend your knees and press firmly. Hands on the floor, spread out in different directions, at right angles to the sides. Then slowly turn your head to the right, and your knees, folded in the meantime, - to the left. Then we change. It is necessary to perform slowly, without sudden movements, without tearing the blades off the floor. Repeat 8 times.
• We lie on the floor sideways, where the bending is noted. Under the waist we put a firm pillow or a roller. The lower leg is straight, the upper leg is bent. Slowly raise the hand located above, and hold above your head, not lowering to the floor. The lower arm, meanwhile, clasps the neck. Exercise is static - this position should be held for 10 seconds, then relax. Repeat 5 times.

Watch the video of the most popular exercises:

Finishing exercises

• Raps. Carefully, we lay our backs on the carpet. We embrace our knees, pulling them to the forehead. Then roll over, trying to reach the floor and neck, and waist. We repeat 8 times.
• Standing, hands from behind we live in the lock. The back is straight, the shoulders are torn from the ears. We stand on our heels and walk around in a circle for half a minute. Then you can stand on your toes, stretching your arms up. In this case, the shoulders also do not reach the ears, and the back is straight. We go 30 seconds. We are changing.
• Walking. Raise your hips as high as possible.
• Breathing exercise. We walk in a circle or we stand. We lift hands up, with a straight back and breathe in, slow down, we lower our arms and exhale.

LFK in scoliosis of 2 degrees in addition to the basic set of exercises, includes and narrowly focused exercises with the help of which deformities are corrected. It is also possible to use general strengthening exercises to strengthen the back muscles and properly develop the muscle corset.

Exercises of exercise therapy for lumbar scoliosis are aimed at balance, various inclinations. In combination with basic exercises, and massage, such exercises give a quick and reliable result.

LFK in scoliosis in children

The problem of curvature of the spine in children is very acute. At birth, a certain percentage of children may have a congenital curvature, which is diagnosed only by a specialist. If the child has escaped congenital scoliosis, then it can easily be acquired in primary school.

The first-grader has a constant thirst for movement, it's hard for him to sit still. But lessons at the desk and homework at the table form the scoliosis of the spine of the first and second degree! The child fidgets, takes uncomfortable poses, and bends the pelvis and shoulders.
When diagnosing a doctor prescribed a set of procedures: physiotherapy, wearing a corset, medical massage, taking health-improving baths and, of course, exercise therapy in spine scoliosis.

It is necessary to strictly observe the visit by your child. If the child is small or especially restless, you can walk with him, or learn the exercises and do the work yourself at home.

Exercises standing:

1. Smooth posture, shoulders, chin high, not pressed to chest. The child walks on the spot, then stands on his toes and, raising his hands, marches. Then he lowers his hands and stands on the whole foot.
2. Also standing on toes, hands lifting the top and linking together. The child swings the body in different directions, slowly, without bending.
3. Feet is placed on the width of the shoulders, hands at the bottom. Raise your hand up, press it against your ear and stretch sideways, the other hand slides over your leg. We change hands.
4. The starting position is the same as in the previous exercise. The child raises his hand up and back, the other - pulling down and back. Then we change.
5. Feet arranged. Hand one up, the other - behind the back. We are inclined towards the bent hand.
6. The child stands sideways to the Swedish wall, holding his hands over the crossbar. Then it is as much as possible bends sideways.
7. The child is on one knee, the other leg is straight and sideways. One hand on the belt. The other hand stretches up and bends to the other side. We change legs and hand.
8. Vis on the wall. The arm on the side of the curvature is higher, the other on one bar below. The child hangs on that hand that is higher.

Lying while sitting

1. The child pulls the elbow to the opposite knee, then changes the elbow and knee. Then he presses his knees in turn to his chest, remains in this position and slowly lowers back. The main thing is the lower back and the shoulder blades are pressed to the floor, the breathing is even.
2. The child on the stomach, stretches his arms in front of him, his legs are straight. Then he raises his legs over the floor, and hands his hands in the lock above his head and lifts his head up. From the side it looks like a boat. It is possible to carry out together with the trainer / parent, then the adult helps to pull his hands from behind and lift his shoulders off the floor.
3. The child on his stomach, spreads his hands to the side to form a right angle. Raises his hands and feet from the floor, makes a deflection in the back.
4. On the stomach. Hands stretched forward, on the floor. Simultaneously, the child raises his arms and shoulders, and one leg. Then he drops, then changes his leg and raises again. Runs 5-10 times.
5. On the stomach. Exercise with a stick. The child holds a stick in the arms outstretched forward, raises his arms and shoulders up, holds, then lowers. Hips and abdomen are densely lying on the floor. The ears are detached from the shoulders.
6. The child is on all fours. Raises one arm straight and pulls the leg back. Then he changes his arm and leg.
7. The child sits down on his heels. The back is straight. Then bends in the lower back, pulls his hands up, one leg on the floor back. Holds a few seconds, returns to the starting position, changes hands and feet.
8. On All Fours. The child turns the body to the side and extends the arm upward in the same direction. He looks at his hand, his neck is not tense. Returns, repeats to the other hand.
9. The child is on his knees, his hands are on the elbow on the floor. Then we pull the arms forward, and back to the knees. We repeat.
10. The starting position is the same as in the previous exercise. Hands also slide forward, but at the same time, the legs slide forward in turn. Hands forward - one foot to the arms and back. We repeat with the other hand.
11. Sitting on an incline. The child sits so that the slope of the bench is on the side of the curvature of the spine. On this side of the spine, the hand is taken away from the head, the other is located on the waist. Make slopes in the opposite direction.
12. Relaxation. The child lies on his back, breathes deeply, arms and legs are divorced in different directions, relaxed.
13. Child on the abdomen, arms stretched down, at the seams, palms to the floor. Then, leaning on the hands, the child is tearing his legs off the floor together with the lumbar spine.
14. On the back. The child is doing an exercise bike. This exercise is especially effective if the legs are as close to the floor as possible, but do not touch it.
15. On the back, legs together, raised. Then we breed them to the sides, and keep them as long as possible. Loins do not bend, do not hold your breath. For more convenient execution, you can put your hands under your waist, palm to the floor.
16. Lie on your stomach. The child raises his head and shoulder casing, holds them for a few seconds. Hands for convenience can be pulled down the seam.
17. The starting position is the same. The child simultaneously raises his legs, arms and shoulders, leaning on his chest. You can stretch out your arms and lift only your legs and shoulders.
18. The child, lying on his back, tries to stretch the spine as much as possible. He pulls his legs forward, his head up, feeling the tension of the vertebrae.

Exercise in s-shaped scoliosis

Exercises in the presence of such a curvature are usually aimed at correcting the deformity of the spine in the thoracic and lumbar regions.

General strengthening of the wide back muscle, and paravertebral muscle.
Exercises:

• Sitting on a chair / bench. Hands in the lock behind the head. Slowly turn the body to the left. In this case, the feet on the floor lie motionless, and the shoulders, the sternum are directed to the left side. Then we lay down on the edge of the bench, with the placement of the blades on the surface. Gently relax the muscles, sag, you can swing up and down.
• Hyperextension. We lay down on the bench with the stomach, so that the edge gets the belts. Hands in the lock behind the head. Carefully lower the case down, then up until it stops. To strengthen the exercise, you can take weights to 3 kg.

Contraindications

There are a number of exercises that are strictly contraindicated in patients with scoliosis. These are:

• Full hanging on the crossbar.
• Acrobatics - somersaults and pull-ups.
• Training with weights - bar, dumbbells, weights more than 3 kg.
• Sports dances and games.
• Running for long distances.

It is also worthwhile to refrain from exercise therapy, if its observance causes pain, causes dizziness and spasms.

Prophylaxis of scoliosis

Even if you do not have scoliosis, but you bother your back with a sedentary lifestyle - you need to know the prevention of curvature.

• Sports activities have a positive effect on the spine and posture. But only if the sport is not too traumatic. An excellent choice for anyone - yoga, swimming, biking and skiing. They will strengthen the back, develop flexibility and form a muscular corset. You can even just perform exercises in the morning on all muscle groups and stretch slightly. This will protect against the development of many diseases, not only related to the spine.
• Accustom yourself to proper posture. Always tear off the shoulders from the ears, straighten the scapula, as if holding an object between them, and try not to stick out the ass very much. Abstain from sitting leg on foot.
• With sedentary work, take breaks a couple of times an hour and knead your neck, lower back, arms and legs.
• Sleep on a hard enough mattress and a small pillow. Before going to bed, ventilate the room.
• Any exercises on the spine should be performed better with a preliminary consultation with the doctor.