Topamax( Topiramate), Topaleptsin, Topsaver, Maxitopyr, Epitope, Toreal, Epimax is a group of drugs with the same active substance and the same pharmacological action.
Topamax is a structurally new antiepileptic drug, effective for epilepsy of various genesis, it heals generalized, partial and myoclonic seizures. Also used in the treatment of convulsive syndrome and seizures.
Contents of
Contents of
Contents of
Contents of
- Characteristics of substance Topiramate
- Topamax and its generics
- Pharmacological properties of
- Pharmacokinetics of
- Form and composition of
- At what indications is
- prescribed For which conditions is not recommended
- Dosage and reception characteristics
- Pregnant women and during lactation
- Overdose andside effects
- Special instructions
- Physician and patients advise
- Physician's overview
- Opinion of ordinary people
- Price inquiry
Characteristics of the substance Topiramate
Topiramate is an anticonvulsant, which is directed to an antiepileptic effect due to the arrest of muscle cramps.
Topiramate formula
This component is also able to quickly eliminate psychoses due to the fact that Topiramate has antimanic characteristics, the remedy eliminates bipolar personality disorders, as well as manic-depressive disorders.
Topiramate has the empirical formula C12H21NO8S.It is a fructose derivative and has a complex structure with a high molecular weight of 339.33 units. In pharmacology Topiramate is classified as a substance with a protiepileptic effect.
Topamax and its generics
Topomax is an antiepileptic drug that belongs to fructose derivatives. The active substance of this drug topiramate suppresses sodium channels, and also slows down the development of repeated action potentials with prolonged depolarization of neuronal walls.
This drug is prescribed for epileptic seizures, convulsive states, and for the elimination of manic-depressive conditions.
Preparations Topaleptsin, Topsover, Maxotopyr, Epitope, Toreal, Epimax are all analogues of Topomax, which have the same properties and indications. The active substance of all these agents is topiramate.
The action of all means is aimed at eliminating epileptic seizures, manic-depressive states. All these preparations are available in the form of capsules and tablets for internal use.
Pharmacological properties of
Topomax is a drug that has antiepileptic action. This agent increases the activity of GABA receptors, and also contributes to the normalization of AMPK receptors. It is used in medical therapy when symptoms of epileptic seizures appear in the initial stages, migraine, spasmodic conditions with different etiologies.
Topomax also has an anti-spasm, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effect.
Many patients who used this drug note that it is able to quickly remove convulsive activity and reduce nervous excitability.
Pharmacokinetics of the preparation
Topiramate is immediately absorbed in the stomach and intestines. Bioavailability of the drug does not depend on eating. The level of bioavailability is about 81%.
The binding of proteins to the active ingredient is about 13-17%.The average level of distribution depends on gender. The volume of distribution in women is almost 2 times lower than in men, this is due to the fact that women have a high level of fat in the body.
The distribution level is from 0.55 to 0.8 liters per kilogram for single doses up to 1200 mg. The highest level of concentration in the blood usually reaches several hours after taking the drug at a dosage of 400 mg. The average period of equilibrium concentration in the serum is 4 to 8 days.
The excretion of the active substance occurs through the kidneys.70% of the active component is displayed unchanged. The half-life is about 21 hours.
Form and Composition
Topomax is in the form of capsules. The dosage of capsules is 15, 25 and 50 mg. Capsules are contained in blisters for 10 pieces. Blisters are placed in cardboard packages. Also on sale there are polyethylene bottles with the number of capsules 28 and 60 pieces.
Ingredients:
- active ingredient - topiramate;
- Povidone;
- sugar grits;
- cellulose acetate.
Components of the shell:
- gelatin;
- silicon dioxide;
- titanium dioxide;
- purified water;
- sodium lauryl sulfate;
- ink Opacode black S-1-17822 / 23.
At what indications are assigned
Topomax, like all its analogs based on the active substance topiramate are prescribed at the following indications: 
- for the removal of seizures of partial and myoclonic nature;
- eliminates absences;
- eliminates epileptic seizures;
- is prescribed for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome;
- with migraine;
- helps to remove tonic-clonic seizures.
Under what conditions is not recommended
Topomax and its analogs should not be used during the following conditions:
- in pregnant women;
- with breastfeeding;
- if there is an increased sensitivity to the active ingredient and other constituent elements of the drug;
- in the presence of kidney failure;
- in heart failure;
- if there are severe brain disorders;
- presence of malignant tumors;
- is not recommended for children under 2 years.
Dosage and Administration Features of
Topomax should be taken orally. The medicine should be taken at a dosage of 200 mg twice a day. If suddenly there is such a need, the contents of the capsule may be mixed with water, but only with a small amount.
Adult patients can be taken together with other anticonvulsant drugs, but only the doctor must prescribe the dose level.
At the initial stage of therapy for epileptic conditions, it is recommended to take 25 mg of the drug per day. The dose should be increased only in accordance with the clinical manifestations of the disease.
Topomax is not recommended for children under 2 years of age. From the age of two years and up to 10 years, the dosage per day should not be more than 50 mg. If patients have problems with the kidneys, then they should prescribe the drug in fairly low dosages.
If Topomax is used as an additional antiepileptic drug, it is recommended to take the drug at a dosage of 9 mg twice a day. The duration of the therapeutic treatment is about 7 days.
For migraine, you must use 100 mg twice a day. If there are very strong migraine attacks, it is recommended to increase the dosage to 200 mg twice a day. During preventive treatment, topiramate-based agents are taken at 25 mg once a day for one week.
Admission by pregnant women and during breastfeeding
Clinical and adequate studies of the effects of topiramate during pregnancy on the fetus have not been conducted. But in practice, there are cases when in the period of application as a monotherapy of the drug Topimax, women during pregnancy had serious pathologies and deviations in the development of the baby.
Children were born with craniofacial defects, crevices of the sky or lip and other vices. Also often children are born with a low body weight, not more than 2500 kilograms. Thus, the use of topiramate-based drugs during pregnancy is highly undesirable.
During the period of breastfeeding, the use of the medicine is contraindicated. It is better at the time of treatment with this medicine to refuse from breastfeeding or not to take the drug during breastfeeding.
Overdose and side effects of
Symptoms of overdose occur rarely. It is usually accompanied by the following symptoms:
- appearance of seizures;
- occurrence of problems with speech;
- vision impairment;
- increased drowsiness;
- coordination disorder;
- problems with thinking;
- appearance of stupor;
- excitement;
- is depressed;
- appearance of pain in the abdominal region.
If symptoms of an overdose occur, it is recommended to induce vomiting, rinse the stomach, and give activated charcoal. Then symptomatic treatment is performed.
The following unpleasant conditions may occur during the application of Topomax drug:
- Adverse events, associated with the gastrointestinal tract : appetite problems, nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain, excessive dryness in the oral cavity, upset of the stool,namely constipation, the appearance of an unpleasant odor from the oral cavity, bleeding gums, the appearance of flatulence, thirst, vomiting can be observed.
- Unpleasant symptoms associated with the nervous system : dizziness, drowsiness,
may develop attention disorder, speech and consciousness disorders, gait problems, psychomotor disorders, increased psychomotor activity, loss of consciousness, peripheral neuropathy. - Symptoms associated with the musculoskeletal system : the appearance of muscle spasms, myalgia, the appearance of muscle cramps, pain in the chest, pain in the side, discomfort in the limbs.
- Symptoms associated with the respiratory system : the appearance of blood from the nasopharynx, breathing disorders, the appearance of shortness during exercise, hoarseness, nasal congestion.
- Disorders of the urinary system : the appearance of dysuria, nephrolithiasis, there may be exacerbation of urolithiasis, urinary incontinence, the appearance of pain in the kidney area.
- Problems of the hematopoietic system : occurrence of leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neuropathy.
- Problems with the psyche : confusion may occur, slow thinking, insomnia, the appearance of depression, the breakdown of sexual and erectile function, disorientation, the appearance of auditory and visual hallucinations, a state of tearfulness, anxiety.
- Other disorders of : increased irritability, fatigue, fatigue, asthenia, weight loss, allergic reactions, fever.
Specific instructions for
During application of the drug Topomax, it is worth paying attention to such moments:
- the drug cancellation should be done slowly in order to reduce the incidence of seizures and prevent the appearance of unwanted symptoms;
- if the drug is taken during hemodialysis, then the dosage should be increased, the drug should be taken before and after the hemodialysis procedure;
- if a decrease in body weight is observed during the application of the drug, it is recommended to adjust the nutrition;
- at the time of application of the drug is not recommended to drive and perform work that requires increased attention.
Physician and patients advise
A review of the doctor for Topamax and similar products based on topiramate, as well as feedback from patients taking these drugs, can shed light on the incomprehensible moments regarding the intake and efficacy of this group of drugs.
Overview of the doctor
Topomax, as well as Topaleptsin, Topsaver, Maxitopyr, Epitope, Toreal, Epimax - are the same medicines with the active ingredient topiramate. All these drugs have the same effect - reduce the activity and frequency of epileptic seizures, stop migraine attacks, as well as seizures of partial and myoclonic nature. During the application of this remedy, there is a decrease in seizures, the nervous system and psyche are restored.
Therapist
The opinion of ordinary people
I have already had epilepsy for about 10 years. At first, it practically did not bother, but over time, attacks began to become more frequent, and they could arise at the most inopportune moments.
After examination with a neurologist, I was prescribed a phenobarbital. But as soon as I started taking this remedy it became very bad for me, I had so many side effects, I already do not remember myself.
I again decided to see a doctor for a psychotherapist, only after a full examination I was assigned Topomax. At first I took 25 mg each. At the moment, I was replaced with Topaleptsin. I take it on 20 mg in the morning and 20 mg at night. She forgot about the attacks.
Svetlana, 28 years old
My son is 12 years old and has 6 years of age, like epileptic seizures. At first they disturbed him 2-3 times a month. After a complete examination, Topomax was appointed. He takes this drug for 4 years, during this period, not always this drug was in the pharmacy, so we replaced it with Topaleptsin, Topsaver, Epimax. All drugs have a similar effect. Attacks of the son almost do not disturb, happens 1-2 times a year, but no more.
Marina, 33 years
Price issue
The packing price of Topomax with the number of capsules is 60 pieces and the dosage of 25 mg is from 1735 rubles. Packing Topomaksa with the number of capsules 60 pieces and a dosage of 50 mg is from 2500 rubles.
Toreal costs from 150 rubles, Topalepsin from 200 rubles, Maxitope from 350 rubles. 
Topamax analogues for effects on the body:
- Gababamma;
- Neurontin;
- Paglyuferal;
- Algerica;
- Epiramate-Teva.
