Pharmacology classify it as an antidiarrhoeal agent, detoxication, enterosorbiruyuschee and attribute it to antidotes acting mechanically and chemically.
Due to the pronounced surface properties of the drug can adsorb toxic substances, biological toxins, alkaloids, glycosides, salts of heavy metals, gases, barbiturates, etc.
Structure and Composition
Activated carbon is available in tablet form. They have a porous structure and a black color. Packed ten pieces of paper or foil packaging.
The main active substance contained in the preparation in a dose of 0.250 grams, it is supplemented by auxiliary connections - starch (0.54 g.) And sucrose (0.16 g.).
In the production of activated carbon used organic feed (bitumen and coal, wood, coconut shell).
Food preparation technology includes initial charring of the starting materials, followed by their activation, i.e. disclosure of numerous pores on the surface.
Properties of the preparation:
- Do not irritate the stomach, it is safe for the mucosa.
- Artificially increasing the porosity of the drug significantly enhances its effect.
- It is not advisable to take a long time Activated charcoal for poisoning, since the drug adsorbs not only harmful substances, but also useful, so it is possible the development of hypovitaminosis, weight loss.
- Coal is not soluble in the body, so it is capable of "fed" harmful substances and leave together with them out naturally.
- It is impossible to apply the drug along with other adsorbents, their combination may result in neutralization of the therapeutic effect of each agent.
- It is important to remember that most drugs will not help if they are taken with activated charcoal. Therefore, all the means prescribed for continuous use (treatment of coronary heart disease, hypertension, inflammatory and degenerative pathologies) are drunk after 40-50 minutes after the use of the adsorbent.
- Activated carbon is effective at intoxications or poisonings in cases of receiving inside harmful substances from actively cleans toxins digestive tract. If the intoxication occurred against a background of respiratory infection, inhalation of toxic substances and their penetration skin and mucous membranes, the use of drugs is impractical because in the blood and tissues activated carbon is not It penetrates.
Indications:
- poisoning of biological origin (botulism, brucellosis, salmonella and other enteric infections);
- food poisoning (food, beverages) congestive fermentation and flatulence;
- Drug overdose;
- intoxication patients, after treatment of neoplasms (using chemotherapy course cytostatics, radiation exposure);
- alcohol and drug poisoning.
Can not be treated with activated carbon poisoning:
- When you are allergic to it, which can manifest by itching skin and rashes on them.
- When ulcerations in different parts of the digestive tract (erosions, ulcers, cancer).
- In infancy and early childhood (up to 3 years).
When child-bearing or breast-feeding him how much to drink activated charcoal and how to solve the physician, focusing on the situation and indicators of women's health. With careful preparation is prescribed for hepatic and renal pathologies.
The dosage regimen
The drug is taken orally at the first signs of toxicity, dosage Activated charcoal for poisoning is 4-8 tablets per day.
Or physicians prescribe another way - creating an excess of the activated carbon in the stomach. Then you need to drink it in higher doses prior to washing procedure, and then after that to fill the bowel preparation. Only the dosage the doctor expects in such cases.
When poisoning to drink activated charcoal, washed down with plenty of waterThen the drug will reach the gastro-intestinal tract and it will operate in (4 Tablets - a glass of water).
Sometimes the condition of patients (severe poisoning) requires gastric lavage aqueous activated carbon. For this purpose tablets (4-8 pieces) solid was triturated in a wooden mortar and the resulting powder is poured into cool boiled water (1 liter). If necessary, repeat the procedure.
Mechanism of action
If poisoning take activated charcoal only in accordance with prescribed guidelines. Separate dose reduction would lead to the fact that the drug will not act, i.e. poison has time to be absorbed, and the condition of patients worsen. This is due to the fact that cope with toxins activated carbon may due to its porous structure, entering into the digestive tract it literally "cleans" s harmful substances from surfaces.
Therefore, for the purification of the toxic products of the stomach and intestines to drink Activated charcoal for poisoning need quite a lot. Typically, the rate of 1 tablet per 10.8 kg of patient weight. When calculating the rounding is carried out in a big way.
When enough coal in the body, it along with the food and the liquid moves in the gastrointestinal tract, adsorbing the harmful molecules. This happens in two ways - by adsorption of organic substances or the catalytic oxidation of chlorine and chloramines.
Thus, linking harmful toxic substances and degradation products, the preparation removes them from the body through the act of defecation.
Adverse reactions
Adverse effects are usually the result of self-medication or excessive drug dose.
In such cases, you may:
- a feeling of fullness and pressure in the epigastric;
- nausea;
- delayed stool;
- gastritis, colitis, enteritis;
- allergic rash, itching, burning skin.
sources:
Vidal: https://www.vidal.ru/drugs/activated_charcoal__23846
GRLS: https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx? routingGuid = 7e933480-3f46-4b66-bce5-240a95414f91 & t =
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