Miningitovaya infection. Symptoms in adults. Photos viral, serous, as reported, is shown. The incubation period, treatment, consequences

Meningitis - an infection in the membranes of the brain and spinal cord. Meningococcus bacterium entering the body through droplets, causing inflammation. The first symptoms of meningitis infections in adults occur within 4-7 days.

risk groups meningitis infection

May be infected as infants and adults and the elderly.

Shared by medical and social indications:

Medical indications	social indications
premature babies	Children living with his older brothers and sisters
Infants with nervous system disorders	Children in boarding schools, summer camps, nursing baby
Children with brain and spinal cord injuries	Tourists and travelers
Students living in the dorms
recruits
Adults with tobacco and alcohol addiction
Elderly people over 65 years old

Children who were born prematurely, stronger than the others susceptible. Due to weak immune system it's hard to cope with pathogenic bacteria. Patients with disorders of the nervous system should be under the supervision of a neurologist, as the risk of getting the disease is great.

Damage to the spinal cord and brain - one of the main causes of disease. Bacteria easily penetrate and develop in the affected areas of the body.

Children suffer more adults due to not formed the immune system, especially the kids up to 5 years. This is due to some places with large clusters of children, such as kindergarten.

In the children's body have not strong antibody specific proteins opposing meningococcus which first assume shot and combat pathogens inflammation. As they get older antibodies appear in the body of the child, reaching an amount equal to an adult organism.

forms of the disease

Meningitis is classified as follows:

• Origin: Primary, secondary;
• speed of flow: Reactive, acute, subacute, chronic;
• View inflammation: Purulent, serous, tuberculosis, viral;
• Location source of infection: Meningitis (soft shell brain) pachymeningitis (hard shell) panmeningit (all layers of the brain);
• The prevalence of the disease: Basal (at the base of the brain), convexital (affects the front part of the brain), total (whole brain), spinal (struck spinal cord).

In primary meningitis whole brain is under attack. If the disease was in consequence of a particular disease (otitis media, sinusitis, mumps, boils), then talk about the secondary meningitis.

Malignant meningitis, the most dangerous form, as is developing very quickly: an adult during the day, the children - a few hours. In this form of the disease can not be a complete diagnosis, so doctors prescribed treatment for primary diagnosis.

Acute meningitis progresses not as fast as malignant. High body temperature, increasing headache, touching, bright lights and sounds unpleasant to the patient. Toxic shock syndrome is rare.

Subacute meningitis called sluggish. Symptoms persist that in the acute form, but less pronounced.

there are changes in the blood for a month in the chronic form of the disease and more. Having seizures, mental disorders, increased intracranial pressure.

View inflammation	The first manifestations	complaints	symptoms	changes in consciousness
Purulent	Seizures of the disease	Nausea, vomiting, a growing headache	Body temperature (up to 40C), chills	Hallucinations, delusions
Serous	acute	Headache, chills, vomiting (rarely)	Increased intracranial pressure, fever	Loss of speech perception, delusions
tubercular	High fatigue, exhaustion attention	Anorexia, sweating, mild headache	Body temperature (37-37,9S) in one and the same time over a long period of time, intoxication	Confusion in the worst cases
Viral	differ	Mild headache	Depending on the underlying disease	not observed

Causes

When meningitis infection (viruses, bacteria, fungi) enter the blood stream and then to the brain. Primary cause of meningitis is meningococcal infection spreads by droplet infection. Meningitis occurs secondary to other diseases, otitis media, boils the face and neck and other infections in contact with the brain.

The reasons for the emergence and development of meningitis:

• viruses (enteroviruses, herpes, encephalitis);
• fungi (Candida);
• bacteria;
• spirochetes.

Meningococcus bacterium entering the respiratory tract, is moved through the body by the blood, spreading infection. Meningococcus causes toxic shock, skin rashes, bleeding of internal organs.

Because of the bacteria the patient feels the heat. Once in the body through the blood, meningococcus die and remain in the blood of toxins, because of which the patient feels chills and fever. Then the bacteria acts on the nervous system and brain.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a long time in the upper airways, so no symptoms and the disease can not be determined quickly. Due to weak immunity infection enters the body, and for 2-3 days there are disorders of the central nervous system. The result of pneumococcal meningitis is often the patient's death.

Haemophilus influenzae organism is in airborne and contact paths. It has a special coating which protects infection from the body's defenses. Meningitis develops thanks to this bacteria. A weakened immune system is another cause of infection.

symptoms

Meningitis is developing at lightning speed, and often ends in death.

Symptoms of meningitis infections in adults differ from children's symptoms:

• headache;
• fervescence to 39-40S;
• vomiting;
• fever (cold hands and feet);
• muscle pain;
• apathy, lethargy.

Meningitis infection (symptoms in adults versatile, but always present encircling headache) does not determine exactly where in the headache. The pain becomes stronger when driving and exposed to bright lights and loud noises. The patient feels weakness, loss of appetite, vomiting appear, do not relieve the condition.

One of the main symptoms are bright red or brown spots on the entire surface of the skin. The more spots, the more severe form of people infected with the disease.

Meningitis infection (symptoms are similar in adults with serous and purulent forms) appears energized neck muscles. The patient throws his head back, while it is impossible to turn the head movements cause pain. When serous and purulent forms of the disease develops very rapidly, and death is possible within a few hours after infection.

Thus, when a tuberculous disease fever appears only on the seventh day of the disease, vomiting is weak, the mucous membranes are observed hemorrhage. Meningitis infection (symptoms in adults with serous form: GI upset, abdominal pain) is manifested by dehydration, the appearance of the rash. Untreated bacterial forms leads to coma.

The danger for the life of the patient

In the absence of timely medical care there even more dangerous consequences:

• low blood pressure, coma, dyspnea, lethargy;
• changes in consciousness, facial asymmetry, convulsions;
• racing heart beat rhythm, brain swelling, unconsciousness;
• death (about 10% of patients).

Few who have had meningitis infection, remember the disease as a nightmare, do not face the complications after treatment. Headache, aggravated by over-voltage or due to changes in the weather, always present in poborovshis illness. Deteriorating memory, reduced concentration and attention.

Serious consequences of meningitis are strabismus and stuttering, loss of vision and hearing, reduced the level of intelligence, and sometimes mental problems. borne illness affects the internal organs so that there are cases amputation.

Modern medicine has developed to such an extent that the remaining disabled a person who has had meningitis, the chances are slim. However, meningitis can be infected again and it is crucial to address to experts.

Diagnostics

For diagnostic measures include:

• primary inspection;
• X-rays of the skull;
• computer and magnetic resonance tomography of the brain;
• study under the microscope the blood, fluid from the nose, throat and cerebrospinal fluid.

In order to detect the level of organism contamination, in recognition of the changes, conduct different analyzes organs and central nervous system.

They are as follows:

• Analysis of urine and blood;
• determine the degree of blood clotting;
• X-rays of the skull and lungs, ultrasound, electrocardiogram.

These activities were conducted to determine the success of subsequent treatment. The main method to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of meningitis is - lumbar (spinal) puncture. The surgeon makes the puncture between 3 and 4 lumbar vertebrae for sampling of cerebrospinal fluid - CSF.

By its nature, the liquor has no color, but in the presence of the disease it changes color and consistency. Composition cerebrospinal fluid depends on the type of meningitis. When a quantity of blood serous cells in liquid tens-hundreds of protein significantly. Liquor is transparent, with a hint of pearl.

In introducing the form of the presence of blood cells in the hundreds, the thousands, the protein is increased greatly, the glucose level is lowered. Liquid thick and turbid.

It is widely believed that the lumbar puncture procedure is extremely dangerous and can lead to paralysis. This is not true. Puncture is performed on this vertebral level, where nerve endings do not depart from them. liquid collection procedure is important not only for diagnosis but also for treatment.

Increased intracranial pressure - one of the main symptoms of meningitis. When taking the fluid pressure is reduced, and the patient feels better. During the procedure used antibiotics. When the most severe forms of the disease is the only way to save the man's life.

The course of drug therapy

Treatment of meningitis infection is divided into 3 stages:

• intensive therapy;
• highly specialized therapy;
• comprehensive treatment.

Upon confirmation of the diagnosis of the patient is admitted to hospital or intensive care unit. Prescribe medications broad spectrum, since experts do not always immediately see the source of the disease. The establishment of the pathogen in the laboratory is time-consuming, so the drugs are prescribed empirically.

When prescribing consider how they penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Some of them are administered into the spinal canal. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are treated for 7 days, since such drugs compete with any infection.

Penicillin, ampicillin fight all microorganisms enter the body in meningitis (pneumococcus, meningococcus). In the case of the serious condition of the patient's specialists combine a number of different antibiotics. After 3 days the drug is taken in the cerebrospinal fluid analysis.

If there is no improvement, prescribed another antibiotic. Then the patient is taking medications that reduce body temperature and improves the general condition of the patient.

Drug treatment lasts at least 10 days, with a purulent form - longer.

Symptomatic treatment is aimed at reducing the main symptoms of the disease. Prescribe painkillers, Allergy medicines. Such treatment does not display the infection from the body, does not cure the internal organs, and has a positive effect on the overall health of the patient.

Meningitis infection (symptoms in adults, complications arising neurologist treated) retreat after a full course of treatment. By uzkonaznachennoy therapy resort after determining the site of infection. Treatment in all three stages involves the use of antibiotics.

Recipes and reception circuit folk remedies

Meningitis can not be cured at home, you can alleviate the patient's state of health and eliminate the symptoms. It is necessary to darken the room, where the man, soak a cloth in cold water and wrap the arms and legs, head on over to apply a cold compress. To get rid of pain in the head should not be fed patient 1-3 days, do an enema 2 times a day. It is important to drink often sick.

Wrapping effectively helps with cramps. The sheet was soaked in warm water and vinegar and salt, the patient is drained and wrapped. An hour later, the sheet is removed, the patient is dressed in dry clothes.

Lavender helps prevent dehydration, relieve headaches and relaxing effect will, has anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties. 20 g of dried lavender flowers poured 0.5 liters of water. Allow 1 hour brew warm place, fluid filter, taking 100 ml of the beverage 3 times a day. In convulsions use broth thistles, but in small quantities, as it is poisonous.

Rosehip is rich in vitamins, eliminates the headache:

1. Berries (1 tbsp. l.) was placed in a sealed jar.
2. Pour boiling water (2 tbsp.) For 15 min.
3. Give it brew for a day.
4. Then filtered.
5. Take 100 ml of 2 - 3 times per day.

Camomile known soothing properties. For the patient benefit from a bath of chamomile decoction and needles.

They get rid of cramps, pain, perevozbudimost:

1. 100 g of fir needles and kidney brewed in boiling water.
2. Cook for 30 minutes.
3. Add the broth into the bath.
4. Take baths should be no longer than 15 minutes.

Cranberries given to patients with fever. It is rich in vitamin C and fighting microbes, lowers the body temperature and relieves pain. Dried fruits of cranberry and sheets (20 g) is poured to 300 g of hot water, allowed to stand for 5 hours. Use 0,5 art. three times a day. Tea made from linden flower carries urine out of the body, relieves pain.

Useful plant when the pain in my head and as an anticonvulsant:

1. 50 g of lime flowers brewed in 1 liter of hot water.
2. In a warm place for 30 minutes insist.
3. Use 50 ml of the beverage three times per day.

Infusion of poppy - the effective medicine of natural origin:

1. Flower seeds are crushed, 15 g pour 200 ml hot milk.
2. Night in a thermos in a warm place means insist.
3. Take 50 ml 3 times per day.

In the spring to relieve the symptoms of meningitis infections consume the juice of dandelion before meals. The old Russian folk remedy for diseases - leech therapy. They applied to the nose and anus. After some time, the patient feels better.

Forecast

When an immediate request for help can be a positive prognosis. If the time is missed the traumas of the disease becomes deafness, disturbances of the optic nerve. Consequences of child meningitis depend on the shape and the child's age: younger than he is, the greater the risk of death.

Nonspecific prophylaxis (detection, protection from society and treated patients) - one of the main methods of preventing infection. In some patients the disease is asymptomatic.

Important it is to clean the body from viruses and bacteria.

To date, meningitis infection - one of the most dangerous diseases, despite the progress of modern medicine, the presence of antibiotics. infection rate of infection and deaths continues to rise. The disease is meningitis infection in 8-25% of cases result in death.

Early treatment with antibiotics improves the prognosis, and reduces the risk of complications:

• memory impairment;
• hearing loss;
• headache;
• a decrease of intelligence.

Every form of meningitis has its outcome and consequences of complications. Meningococcal meningitis - one of the most dangerous and often result in death of the patient. Complex drug treatment does not guarantee a full recovery and no complications. After recovery, a person must be under the control of a neurologist.

When viral meningitis 10% of adults observed residual phenomena:

• inattention;
• inability to concentrate;
• headache.

But such complications disappear within a few weeks - months. Vaccination - a way to avoid contracting the basic forms of meningitis.

Reduce the risk of events such as:

• strengthening the immune system;
• use of arthropod repellent, as they carry the infection;
• personal hygiene;
• avoid swimming in the waters;
• use gauze bandages.

Meningitis - a dangerous disease with complications leading to death of the patient. When the first symptoms of meningitis infections in adults it is important to immediately contact the experts and save lives.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of the meningitis infection

Dr. Komarovsky of meningitis infection: