Facial asymmetry. Causes and treatment for adults, photo, how to fix, what to do, physiognomy

Facial asymmetry can be caused by many factors. Treating it depends not only on the cause, but also on the severity of the pathology (curving angle, stretching, deformation and chewing or facial muscles).

The root causes of facial asymmetry in adults

Facial asymmetry, causes and treatment of which are interconnected in most cases, needs to be corrected. Method of correction depends on the age, condition of the skin, muscle and bone connective tissue.

The root causes of the asymmetry of the face are:

• neuralgia, facial nerves and nerve Frank;
• mechanical damage to bones, soft tissues, muscles;
• congenital disease, whether it is a mental illness, or congenital anomalies face, skull.

congenital causes

For congenital causes include both genetic diseases and functional disorders during pregnancy.

Congenital causes:

• congenital anatomical abnormalities of the skull;
• Genetic diseases associated with irregular functioning of the cerebral hemispheres;
• congenital squint;
• blurred vision - one eye sees better or a non-standard field of view, while adequately developing side of the face, the eye which has the best view;
• mental diseases of the CNS;
• congenital anomalies of the jaw joint development;
• increased plasticity of nasal cartilage;
• low progesterone during pregnancy - effect "flat face".

acquired causes

Acquired causes of facial asymmetry are considered factors povlokshie anomaly in any human activity.

Acquired causes:

• malocclusion;

  

• Improper removal of the tooth because of the slight displacement of temporomandibular joint;
• fractures, fractures of the jaws, the frontal bones of the nose;
• unilateral spasm of facial muscles due to strong sudden fright;
• ankylosis of the mandibular joints;
• internal breakthrough boil;
• muscle strain due to nervous tension while gazing into the distance;
• Improper conduct cosmetic procedures, massage.

Groups of facial asymmetry

The main groups of facial asymmetry:

• static (morphological);
• dynamic (functional);
• combined.

Morphological asymmetry manifests itself in a state of rest, it arises from the anatomical disturbances of bone and soft tissue. Functional asymmetry of the face appears when moving or facial and masticatory muscles. The reasons for manifestation of this group are nervous disorders of facial nerves, cervical nerve Frank.

Combined asymmetry due to a combination of congenital and acquired reasons, for example, because of the constant effort, on their own, eliminate strabismus, involuntary load on one side.

Norm and pathology

Norm is the asymmetry of the person within the deviation from the symmetry axis to 5 degrees. Entity regardless of form, height, skin tone color, hair style, asymmetry visualized with 3 to 6 mm.

Neurology relationship to asymmetry

Facial asymmetry (causes and treatment are considered neurologist) as a physiological deviation associated with unequal activity of the cerebral hemispheres. Neurology treats physiological abnormalities. Asymmetry of anatomical features not included in the scope of study of this science.

Depending on the variations in the activity of the cerebral hemispheres, observed the following symmetry breaking:

• Parkinson's disease has been an increase in the area of ​​the chin, lower jaw protruding slightly forward, nostrils bent (before the third stage of the disease is observed dynamic asymmetry (starting from the 4th step - static asymmetry;
• brain hydrocephalus characterized protrusion maxillary and frontal bones from the affected hemisphere, possible swelling on the third stage, there is tension on the affected muscle part of the face;
• in the case of meningitis, there is the so-called stone face (no facial expressions or her weak expression).

Diagnosing the cause of

Facial asymmetry (the causes and treatment of disease, as well as the probability of correction determined by a number of diagnostic methods) basic methods amenable diagnosis:

• visual inspection;
• measurement of facial proportions;
• Physical methods;
• blood and urine tests;
• MRI of the skull.

Observing the patient during 2-3 minutes, neurologist or neurologist can obtain an overall picture of pathology, based on the deviations in the movements motility. At this stage the possibility of correcting the face without surgery.

Measurement deviations is carried out not only in the zone of symmetry breaking, but also in areas where the pathology is not observed. Compares the deviations from the symmetry axis of the mandible, temporal bone, the brow arches, the location of the frontal bone. Cosmetologist or plastic surgeon deviation compared with the standards under these anatomical features of the structure of the skull.

Physical methods uses a neurologist. With palpation (pressing) is determined by the degree of deformation and tension facial mimic muscles and nerves. Percussion (tapping) makes it possible to diagnose the rate of passage of the pulses of the facial nerve.

General analysis of blood is effective in the initial stage of pathology, when the cause complications are neuralgia and inflammatory diseases or persons: neuralgia, gingivitis, periodontitis, running, arthritis, and edema due to low-grade allergies. When inflammation increased ESR.

ESR indicators reach 25 inflammations bone; not more than 20, if the process takes place in the soft tissue (neuralgia). Biochemical analysis of blood shows the ratio macrocells with microcells - excess zinc content at low iron leads to fragility of bone at the site of pathology, and calcium provokes high hardness and fragility bones.

Urinalysis is effective in combination with biochemical blood analysis - dynamics can calculate and output the accumulation of proteins, mineral salts.

MRI is performed in cases of suspected violation of the activity of the cerebral hemispheres. This method also allows to determine the rate of passage of nerve impulses in the brain cortex, and in the facial nerves.

How to fix the asymmetry of the face?

Are 2 main methods correcting facial asymmetry correction without mechanical and chemical intervention into the structure of soft tissue and bone; Treatment of both mechanical and chemical effects on the tissues of the face, as well as elimination of other diseases and pathologies are causes asymmetry.

Correction methods:

• massage;
• physiotherapy;
• gymnastics;
• strand lifting.

Methods of treatment:

• botulinum toxin injections;
• surgery;
• pharmacological treatment of brain pathologies, the removal of spasms and inflammation of the facial and masticatory muscles.

Massage

Massage as a method of correction of facial asymmetry performs the following functions:

• muscle rehabilitation;
• correction of bone pathologies;
• correction of functional ability of nerve endings;
• functional correction of temporomandibular joint;
• increase skin elasticity.

Massage can be done independently if deviations from symmetry rules are not more than 1 cm and not cause disease are trauma, bone disease. Equipment for the jaw joint correction is provided for informational purposes only.

Stages of the session:

1. With his index, middle and ring finger, the chin, circular motions, up to 3 times promassirovat joint base.
2. If promassirovat section warm - index fingers of both hands to find abnormal projections.
3. If a defect is detected on the first side - the tip of the index finger promassirovat projection circle.
4. After, walk through the joint - it should be hot.
5. Find top lip, his thumb in a circular motion to develop a projection.
6. If there are crackling - put on a ledge alcohol, to reduce the load factor of 2-3; massage for no longer than 5 min.; we should observe a slight uneven porosity defects.

The first session should not last more than 7-10 minutes. The projection 4 mm, possibly removed after 3.5 months. The first week, sessions must be in a day. Each session is added 1.5-2 minutes.

Gymnastics

Facial gymnastics is contraindicated in the lack of joint fluid in the jaw joint and muscle tension.

A set of exercises and training scheme with facial asymmetry
Technique exercises	The number of repetitions (times per day)	What does exercise
Much squeezed his eyes shut quickly open up to the limit of the possible.	Starting with 5 repetitions 1 time per day. 2 weeks to bring to 20 repetitions. Alternate 1 and 2 times per day	Improved circulation in the temporal lobes, the elimination of small squint, strengthening the facial muscles of the upper face.
Pull the lips into a tube to the maximum, clearly pronounce the sound "I"	Starting with 10 repetitions, for 30 days to bring up to 50 times. Perform 2-3 times per day. Stop when they feel severe pain in the lower jaw. When the crunch in the jaw joint, consult a physician: further neurologist, rheumatologist.	The development of the jaw joint.
Fully squeeze the nostrils, inhale to imitate.	Perform up feeling dizzy easy.	asymmetry correction lower wings of the nose.
Rotate language before teeth first clockwise, then counterclockwise.	Start with 1-2 min., Bring in 20-30 days, up to 10 minutes. In each direction.	Strengthening of the chewing muscles.
Smile corners of the lips alternately.	Perform up to the feelings of pulsation in the lower part of the face. Repeat at least 3 times a day.	Tightens cheekbones.

The load is distributed evenly on both sides of the face. Depending on the degree of deviation, the effect occurs in 60-90 days.

injections bolulotoksina

Facial asymmetry, causes, and treatments which are associated with spasms of facial muscles and excessive activity of the facial nerve, is eliminated by injection of botulinum toxin. In the case of asymmetry, injections are made, usually in neporazhonny portion. Exception - blepharitis.

If blepharitis injections made into a tense (the affected) periocular muscle.

testimony

In addition asymmetry, botulinum toxin is widely used in cosmetics in the following cases:

• wrinkles;
• with cerebral palsy.
• a face lift;
• correcting imbalances lips and chin;
• reduction in hyperactivity of the masticatory muscles or decrease the tone of one of them to agree on their actions;
• as prophylaxis after corrective plastic surgery on the face.

Contraindications

You can not give injections of botulinum toxin preparations in the following conditions:

• age under 12 years;
• Pregnancy and lactation;
• after the age of 60 years;
• The high content of iron in the blood;
• tendency to suppuration - is determined by the results of general analysis of blood, an indicator of nuclear rods 8 above;
• Crick;
• Body temperature is above 37.2;
• course of any infectious disease;
• any autoimmune disease;
• immune bone disease;
• puffiness of the face;
• reception preparations containing vitamin C, as well as, antibiotics, anticoagulants, antidepressants, muscle relaxants;
• an unstable state of mind associated with a sharp change of facial expressions;
• alcohol abuse.

duration of treatment

Depending on the degree of asymmetry, the maximum dosage of the drug in a single session - 50-100 units (10-20 injections). The average duration of a course - 10-14 days. The effect of the application of botulinum toxin occurs within 3 days.

The maximum effect is manifested through 14 days after the first injection. The action continues 90 days after the course. The next course may be conducted not earlier than 90 days.

complications

Complications after leading botulinum toxin can occur both because of missteps cosmetologist, violation of patients' rights of rehabilitation, and for the individual reaction to a substance.

Possible complications:

• impaired vision and hearing;
• swelling;
• allergic reactions;
• drooping eyelids, brows;
• atrophy of the skin with possible transition to malignancy;
• violation of the motor function of the muscles, mainly chewing;
• uneven muscle contractions may exacerbate the asymmetry;
• increased sensitivity to light, as the skin and eyes;
• addiction to drugs based on botulinum toxin.

recovery

Remedial measures necessary to comply with the first injection:

• the first day of a minimum of movements, it is advisable to lay a little more, use grated mild, low-calorie food;
• not drinking alcohol 14 days, do not drink coffee 3-5 days after the last injection of the course;
• not to engage in sports for 21 days;
• dig eyes Artificial tears 10-14 days;
• do not use cosmetics, hygiene 10 days;
• not take, thickening the blood, antibiotics to 21 days;
• biorevitalisation spending needs when, during the course or between injections;
• stay cool and do not become too cold during the course and 15-20 days after the end thereof;
• sleeping on your back for 30 days.

dermal gels

There are 2 kinds of dermal gels:

• fillers - is fillers which are introduced under the skin of a thin, needle cosmetic;
• balms - create a visual effect of eliminating asymmetries and their use is appropriate when there is a fault of not more than 6-8 mm.

In composition, dermal gels are based on:

• hyaluronic acid;
• calcium hydroxyapatite;
• polylactic acid;
• bovine or porcine collagen.

Preparations on the basis of hyaluronic acid are the most popular.

Main advantages:

• Hyaluronic acid is biologically compatible with the human body;
• fillers resolve within 6-12 months - a low probability of adverse events;
• if the effect is not like a patient or procedure performed by a doctor not correct the fault, you can cancel the effect of the gel, an injection of hyaluronidase (an enzyme that breaks down hyaluronic acid).

Fillers based on polylactic acids are 1.5 times longer, but there is no way to split them in case of failure of the procedure. Fillers, which include collagen, are used to strict fixation volume. The main drawback - high probability of allergy and rejection by the immune system, therefore, fillers and balms with collagen are rarely used

Fillers with calcium hydroxyapatite absorbed for 18-24 months. However, these drugs disrupt the subcutaneous fat due to which there is an effect of skin sagging after complete resorption.

Balms used in courses for 3 months with a 3-month break. The effect occurs within 30-45 days after the start of the application. If you regularly do facial gymnastics effect can last more than 6 months.

Given that the balm penetrate only up to middle layers of the dermis, with no damage to the skin, you can use the external dermal gels as hyaluronic acid and collagen. Gels with polylactic acid and calcium hydroxyapatite have a less pronounced effect. But, due to its relatively low cost, their use is justified.

Names and instructions for use of drugs

Correction of facial fillers is carried out for 1 visit to the beautician. The procedure lasts 30-60 min.

Title	active components	drug class	Mode of application
Juvederm Ultra	hyaluronic acid	Gel for injection	Administered slowly, fine needle cosmetic: 1 ml for correcting lip; cheekbones to 1-3 ml; in the periocular area of ​​not more than 1.5 ml, in a frontal area of ​​up to 3 ml, but not more than 5 ml complete correction
Sculptra	polylactic acid	Gel for injection under the skin	A number of treatments depends on the amount to be zones of correction; carry out the procedure no more than once a day; maximum injection dose in one zone is not more than 1.5 ml.
Ellanse	Polycaprolactone (polymer of polylactic acid.)	Gel injectable prolonged action.	Enter slowly from 0.5 to 1.5 ml; Depending on the number of procedures on the number of zones is not corrected.
Artefill	Bovine collagen.	Subcutaneous injection gel.	Not more than 1 ml of 1-well region; the number of procedures for the complete correction to choose a beautician, regardless of the patient's condition.
Librederm with 3D	hyaluronic acid	Balsam for external application	Apply before going to bed at, an adjustable zone.
Faberlik	Kelp extract, cayenne pepper.	Balsam for external application.	Apply once a day not more than 30 days; can be repeated after 14 days.

length of treatment

Dermal gels correct asymmetry for a short period of 6 to 36 months. After the resorption of the active substance, the procedure should be repeated again. To fix the correction effect at the time of the gel acts need to systematically do facial gymnastics and massage, then a 75% probability of a defect will be eliminated forever.

Dermal gels do not contribute to correcting bone defects.

complications

The main complications that may arise from the use of dermal gels:

• allergic manifestations primarily in collagen gels and polylactic acid;
• swelling is not allergic nature due to violations of exchange fluid;
• growth malignancies;
• appearance of comedones;
• skin sagging after partial or complete resorption of the gel.

strand lifting

Lifting strand used as an alternative to surgery, including those with contraindications to that meter. This procedure allows to correct deviation from the symmetry axis by more than 30 degrees and imbalances to 3 cm under the condition that the cause of asymmetry are not the anatomical features or damage to bone tissue.

testimony

Strand lifting is recommended in the following cases:

• sagging skin on the face and other parts of the body;
• Correction of defects caused by soft tissue imbalances;
• Eliminating omission one or more face regions;
• The impossibility of carrying out the operation.

Contraindications

You can not make strand lifting under the following conditions of the organism:

• disease in acute phase;
• infectious diseases, regardless of the stage;
• the damaged skin on the lifting portion performing a filament;
• cancers, regardless of localization;
• heavy flow of diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• Pregnancy and lactation;
• Older than 55 and younger than 12 years;
• Low levels of blood clotting;
• diabetes;
• mental disorders associated with the inability to control facial expressions.

Preparation for lifting

The number of stages of preparation for a filament facelift procedure is different in different hospitals.

General recommendations for the preparation of:

• 3 days before the procedure to start taking Detsinon;
• 5 days to give up, blood thinners, drugs;
• spend mesotherapy, if there is swelling;
• before the testing procedure is not nervous tension;
• if the procedure is carried out in mime core - 2 weeks is recommended to make an injection of botulinum toxin.

Development of the procedure

The procedure lasts 30 to 90 min., Depending on the individual characteristics of skin, equipped clinics, size and volume of the corrected zone.

Phases of the procedure turn:

1. Visual evaluation correction zone familiarization with diagnostic results.
2. Photographing faces 5 projections.
3. The introduction of local anesthesia.
4. Breaching mikronadrezov top and bottom of the correction zone.
5. Pulling the thread under the skin.
6. Stretch yarns until the result does not satisfy the beautician.
7. Suturing incisions.
8. Cutting the thread surplus.

The procedure is performed by physicians 2: plastic surgeon who conducts correction and anesthesiologist, which monitors the effect of anesthesia. The maximum allowable number of filaments - 5.

Rehabilitation

If there are no complications - rehabilitation after the procedure can last for 30 days.

Throughout this period:

• Avoid sudden changes in temperature;
• sleep only on their backs;
• do not use cosmetics;
• do not take blood thinners, medical preparations;
• do not wash your face hygiene products;
• not touching your face with dirty hands or cold;
• to give the massage.

Possible consequences

After the procedure, the following complications:

• swelling of the face;
• pain with muscle tension;
• inflammation;
• stretching, tearing of the skin;
• cancers.

operative therapy

Surgical treatment is carried out, in violation of symmetry by more than 3 cm, or if the cause is the damage asymmetry or anatomical anomaly bone.

Training

Prior to the surgical correction of facial asymmetry is necessary to carry out the following steps:

• pass coagulation on blood clotting speed;
• pass complete blood count on inflammatory and suppurative processes, the level of sugar;
• to give up alcohol and smoking for 2 weeks before the procedure;
• for 7 days did not take antibiotics, drugs with vitamin E;
• 3 days did not drink soft drinks;
• day did not eat salty and fatty food.

training requirements are different in different hospitals.

Development of the procedure

Plastic surgery to correct defects of the face, regardless of, correctable area, has the following steps:

1. Entering the local anesthesia or the installation of dropper with general anesthesia, depending on the evidence.
2. Antiseptic intervention zone.
3. Implementation of notches.
4. tissue tightening of endoscopic equipment.
5. Fixation of tissues by using, bioresorbable organic materials - endotinov.
6. Suturing incisions.

recovery

The average duration of the rehabilitation period of 30 days. If there are no complications - the patient is discharged after 10-14 days. Sutures are removed after 3-5 days or thread resolve themselves if used catgut.

In the postoperative period can not perform the following actions:

• Visit bath, sauna - 14-21 days;
• Drink alcohol 7-10 days;
• Smoking 21 a day;
• Within 14 days of not taking anticoagulants;
• Do not take food or drinks that increase intracranial and blood pressure up to 45 days;
• Do not sleep on your side 30 days;
• Do not expose the system to strong physical loads up to 30 days;
• Do not tilt or lift his head more than 30 degrees up to 14-21 days.

possible complications

After the surgery face correction, the following complications:

• swelling is not allergic nature;
• development of malignancy;
• bleeding joints;
• aching to sharp changes of atmospheric pressure;
• in the first 30 days of possible divergence of seams.

Facial asymmetry in the notion of physiognomy

The asymmetry of the face, from the point of view of physiognomy - the main cause of behavioral patterns and mental illnesses whose treatment is possible only after the correction of defects and facial symmetry.

Total physiognomic asymmetry model is as follows:

• more developed left side of his face shows logical thinking;
• the development of the right side - the predominance of intuition over logic;
• browridges strongly developed at a small chin symbolize tendency to commit crimes;
• the development of one side of the chin suggests making rash decisions;
• asymmetrical eyes signal a falsehood.

Facial asymmetry is manifested both in the innate, and acquired reasons. Treatment of pathologies is performed using gymnastics, massage entered under the skin dermal gels, facial shape correction using threads or plastic surgery. From the point of view of physiognomy, this pathology is the cause of abnormal behavior of the individual.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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