Acclimatization. Symptoms in adults after a holiday at sea in a variety of climatic conditions, mountainous terrain. Treatment in children, adults

Acclimatization - an adaptation of the human organism to the new conditions of residence or temporary residence. Each person in his own way to adapt to them: frost, heat, high altitude terrain, maritime climate.

Symptoms of acclimatization may be manifested in different ways. They are caused by factors indicated. In adults, most often they are expressed in a strong fatigue, headaches, allergies, colds and indisposition.

Etiology. Adaptation to climate in adults

When a radical change in habitat body's natural defense mechanism adjusts to new climatic and geographic conditions. The temperature and humidity, pressure, sunlight level (low or saturated) - these factors cause changes not only to work the body, but also the psyche. But different people have acclimatization takes place and manifests itself in different ways.

Most sensitive to changes in environmental conditions are elderly people with weakened immune systems and patients with diseases:

• of cardio-vascular system;
• Respiratory;
• musculoskeletal system;
• allergic nature.

Acclimatize especially hard to bear children, the elderly and pregnant women. Doctors do not recommend them to travel to other natural conditions and time zones. Optimum conditions for these categories of people - rest in a familiar or a similar climate.

Causes of

The main causes of symptoms in humans acclimatization while in itself new to the climate is sudden temperature change, humidity, atmospheric pressure to a new location. Someone has seen rapid response, someone slower.

The body takes defensive role, as has long been adapted to the conditions of life alone. But when you change time zones, climate, and air begins its adaptation to them.

The main factors causing acclimatization, are:

1. Traveling long distances. Especially sharply deteriorating health when a person gets a different time zone. The most difficult children feel in this situation. Therefore, with them it is better to travel in the region, where the climatic conditions are similar to the terrain of your permanent residence.
2. Flights. The aircraft acclimatization effect appears much more powerful.
3. Climbing to an altitude of over 2000 meters.

types of acclimatization

Types of adapting to new climatic conditions are formed on the basis of the above reasons and factors.

Acclimatization is:

1. Thermal. It assumes human being in those environments where the air has a high humidity and temperature.
2. Altitude. It manifested in mountainous areas and depends on the atmospheric pressure.
3. It's cold. It occurs in areas with very low negative temperatures.
4. Reacclimatization. This re-adaptation to the conditions of residence. It can occur when you return home after a long absence.

Form flow acclimatization symptoms can be severe and normal. The maximum duration of the first 7 days, the second - from 10 to 14 days. And for the specified period, they completely disappear in the adult.

Diagnosis of the human condition

Diagnosis is necessary to distinguish from other diseases of acclimatization. Therefore, the appearance of initial symptoms require it immediately go to a consultation with a local physician.

Conducted inspection. Appointed by the examination for which you want to pass on the analysis of blood, urine and feces. After examining the results, the doctor prescribes certain procedures or drugs.

Acclimatization after the sea, warm climate

Upon his return from the sea recreation people often re-adapt to their native places. This is especially true in the winter or autumn. The process continues for 2-4 days. This is the reverse acclimatization, symptoms in adults that are manifested in the general weakness, fatigue, irritable, manifestations of colds.

You need to stay home and complete rest. They were given 1-2 days. Children for quality recreation takes 3-4 days.

Stage, the duration and symptoms

Acclimatization to hot climates, the sea is characterized by the following symptoms:

• general fatigue;
• the deterioration of the cardiovascular system;
• headaches;
• trouble sleeping;
• nervous system disorders;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases.

In countries with dry air acclimatization occurs calmer. And when the body directs heat through sweating, the sweat evaporates, keeping the necessary thermoregulation.

At high levels of perspiration evaporates moisture worse, and disrupted thermoregulation. As a result, the body overheats, breathing and pulse rate, blood slowly goes to the internal organs, there is a constant thirst.

The whole process of acclimatization in these conditions there is the following algorithm:

1. A man comes in hot countries. No pain no.
2. After 1-2 days, and the children and the elderly in a few hours, the first symptoms appear: changes in pressure, feeling of extreme fatigue, severe headache, fever.
3. Increased symptoms 2-3 days after arrival. This condition lasts for 1-2 days. Untreated.
4. Normalization. Symptoms disappear, there is a burst of energy. A person can enjoy your vacation.

How to alleviate the symptoms, especially treatment

To facilitate the acclimatization in tropical regions are arranged such measures:

1. The indoor air is cooled and conditioned.
2. Thirst is quenched just after a meal. The rest of the needed mouthwash.
3. Two meals: breakfast and dinner. In severe daytime there is no better.
4. Wearing loose and light clothing.
5. Cool shower: 2-3 times a day.
6. Carrying out treatment suitable preparations: To reduce the heat, reducing allergic reactions, normalization of the gastric

To improve health in certain situations require compliance with this plan:

1. Temperatures up to 38 degrees: Paracetamol and ibuprofen - 2-3 times a day.
2. Allergic reactions: antihistamines. Examples: Suprastin, Tavegil.
3. Digestive Disorders: drugs against diarrhea, vomiting, removal of heaviness in the stomach. For example: Mezim, Vero loperamide, Festal, Pancreatin.
4. Cough: decoction of thyme and chamomile in a ratio of 3-2 tablespoons, ACC, Lasolvan.
5. Sore throat: Furatsilinom, propolis solution (10-15 drops to a glass of water), sprays "akvamaris" and "Maxicold ENT."
6. Poisoning. When an acclimatization symptoms in adults are often similar it is with them. From folk remedies most effective broth wormwood and tansy (2 tablespoons. l. 200 ml). Ingredients are filled with water. The mixture was brought to a boil and infused 40-50 min. Dosage: 50 mL every 4-5 hours. Other facilities: Smecta, Regidron.

Possible consequences

In the absence of proper treatment arise:

• thermal shock (due to excessive overheating);
• convulsions (due to serious losses of mineral salts);
• fainting (due to overheating and weaknesses);
• infarcts.

Acclimatization in extremely cold climates

This climate is characterized by a decrease of temperature. Here, short light days of magnetic storms, strong winds and blizzards. People experience a deficiency of calcium, iodine, vitamin A and vitamin D.

Stage, the duration and symptoms

Against the background of the factors identified following symptoms are formed:

• insomnia;
• lost appetite;
• constant sleepiness;
• cold symptoms;
• fast fatiguability.

The steps of this acclimatization are:

1. Arrival. The state of health is normal no symptoms.
2. The first manifestations. Expressed in 1-2 days in extreme fatigue, insomnia, decreased appetite, solar starvation begins.

   

3. Aggravation. Fever, runny nose, cough, sore throat, weakness. Duration: 2-4 days.
4. Improvement. The symptoms subside, being improved.

How to alleviate the symptoms, especially treatment

To facilitate the state are required:

1. Proper nutrition organization. Calorie intake by 15-20% higher than the normal diet.
2. Vitaminized additives: fish oil (1-2 capsules a day), ascorbic acid (Table 3-5.), Special facilities, such as "Complivit".
3. When the temperature rises to 38 degrees the use of aspirin, paracetamol, Pentaflutsina more 38 - ibuprofen (Table 2-3. per day), Biseptolum (Table 1-2.).
4. Jodomarin and Yodobalans.

Traditional methods of treatment of throat:

1. Broth camomile and Calendula (1 tbsp. l. 200 ml).
2. Iodine-saline solution (5-6 drops - 1 tbsp. l.).
3. apple vinegar based composition (2 tablespoons per 200 ml).
4. Inhalations with potatoes. Duration of treatment - 8-10 min.

To eliminate the need to treat sore throats and to traditional medicine. The greatest efficiency characterized formulations reflected in the following table.

Type of action	A drug	Dosage	The frequency of application
Rinsing	furatsilin	Table 1. 200 ml	Every 2 chasa
Rotokan	2 teaspoons per 200 ml.	4 times a day after
dioxidine	0.5-1% ampoule 150 ml of warm water	2-3 times a day
aerosols	Proposol	injection 1-2	Every 3-4 hours
Geksoral
Ingalipt
kameton
Miramistin
Lozenges:	Faringopils,	Table 1.	Three times a day
streptocid	Table 1.	3-4 times a day.

To combat insomnia applied Novopassit, Donorml, valerian, motherwort.

To make it easier to acclimate to colder climates, such criteria should be followed:

1. Refusal of alcoholic beverages. They only reinforce certain symptoms.
2. Greater presence in the room during the initial 1-2 day stay.
3. Duration of walking: 15-20 min.

Possible consequences

In frosty edges acclimatization symptoms in the absence of adequate measures and treatment lead to:

1. Pneumonia, inflammation of the lungs.
2. Acute pharyngitis and laryngitis.
3. Nervous breakdowns.
4. Prostration.
5. Complicated by diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, such as acute nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, and sinusitis.

Acclimatization to the altitude stay

Highlands and resorts have a number of specificities:

1. Decreases atmospheric pressure (the higher the altitude, the lower it).
2. The low percentage of oxygen in the air.
3. Aliasing. Violation horizontal belts with respect to the poles.
4. Insolation.

Stage, the duration and symptoms

By the mountainous terrain is difficult to adapt. Therefore, experts do not recommend to go here with the kids. For them, these trips have become fatal.

When this happens acclimatization, symptoms occur in adults as follows:

1. Strays breathing, shortness of breath occurs.
2. Quickens the pulse and heartbeat.
3. Noise in the head and ears.
4. Blackout.

During this period, increasing the concentration of red blood cells and respiratory ventilation. Therefore, hiking in the mountains especially dangerous for those who have blood pressure problems, heart disease and ears.

acclimatization stage is related to the height of a person's location. For example, at 100 m can dizzy, turbid vision. 200m disturbed heart rhythm. After another 100 meters there is a noise in my head.

How to alleviate the symptoms, especially treatment

If you become ill, you should complete the climb. It can be repeated the next day. A day later, you can conquer greater heights. No need to climb once more than 300-500 m.

To facilitate the state is required:

1. Give priority to low-fat foods.
2. Eat half when analogy with the usual diet.
3. Drink plenty of fluids.
4. To overcome the daily maximum of 500 m of altitude, at every level to do a stop for 1-2 hours. Because the body adapts to the stress.
5. Vitamin complexes and to use additives (Complivit, fish oil), special bars (hematogen, coconut-byte Organic raspberry Lubs).
6. Use enzymes (lipase, Festal).
7. Take into the mountains oxygen cocktail ..

Possible consequences

If you ignore the recommendations can aggravate the situation to such effects:

1. Fainting.
2. Bleeding in the brain.
3. Myocardial infarction.
4. Hypertensive crisis.

They lead to coma and even death. So you need to conquer the height gradually, within 5-7 days.

Acclimatization in infants and school children

There are some similar and distinctive features.

Symptoms of adaptation to new conditions of the infant are:

1. Sluggishness, moodiness and over-excited.
2. Increased body temperature with severe migraines.
3. Bloating and cramping stomach.
4. Pallor.
5. Allergic skin rash.
6. Poor appetite and sleep.

They are a maximum of two weeks. A manifest one day after arrival. Schoolchildren appear similar symptoms, which subside in 2-4 days. In the acute form - the last 7 days.

Acclimatization in the elderly

Therefore citizens, doctors do not recommend long flight and abrupt climate change, and time zones. Especially contraindicated traveling in mountainous terrain and climbing. From a trip to freezing edge is to give people with a problem of the musculoskeletal system. The hot climate is dangerous for people with heart disease and blood vessels.

Against the background of acclimatization in the elderly are exacerbated many chronic diseases, which is fraught with serious consequences, up to the stroke. Therefore, they need to travel far, the regions with a similar climate.

Additional funds in the fight against the symptoms of acclimatization

This category includes:

• Essential oils: pine, lavender and lemon balm. Just a couple of drops inflicted on the neck or temples, relieves headaches, and normalizes blood pressure.
• Rose oil. Added to water (2-3 drops). Accelerates adaptation to foreign water.
• Adaptogens.

Their list and dosage are reflected in the table below:

Means	dropwise Norma	Times a day
Ginseng root	20-25	2-3
balsam Bittner	30-40	1-2
root of Eleutherococcus	40-45	1-2

What to do when a very bad

When extremely difficult to pass acclimatization in adults symptoms may be delayed and converted into a more serious condition. The same applies to children. What to do in such situations? Immediately call an ambulance.

It is not necessary to show initiative. For example, at a temperature of more than 39 degrees more than swallow tablets. If you or your loved ones are suffering from chronic diseases, in the medicine cabinet should be the appropriate preparations. For example, for removal of allergic reactions - calcium chloride, to improve cerebral circulation - and Ksefakam Aktovigin.

reacclimatization

This is the reverse adaptation to the conditions of residence. Most often occurs after prolonged rest - more than 15 days.

Characterized by the following features:

1. Prostration.
2. Drowsiness.
3. Gloomy mood.
4. Insomnia.
5. Irritability.
6. Common cold symptoms: runny nose, sore throat, fever.

After arriving from a holiday should be 2-4 days for a relaxing stay at home. This requires competent calculation of his holiday with the presence of reserve days.

The main mistake many people is leaving to work almost immediately after returning. It is fraught with a sharp deterioration in health and depression.

Prevention and first aid kit traveler

Traveling to a different climate, time zone requires careful preparation.

It is necessary to carry out these recommendations:

1. Advance to move to the time of the area in which planned trip.
2. Is selected from one country or a neighboring zone.
3. If the journey goes and the child, for 1-2 weeks prior to the trip to him to eat 1-2 drops Derinat drug added daily.
4. The journey with breast child is carried out in the area with a maximum difference of 3-4 hours.
5. The use of essential vitamins 2 weeks before departure.
6. Travel arrangements must be such that the arrival of a new place to get the evening.
7. The minimum trip duration - 14 days.

While in the new climate need to rely on these rules:

1. The use of drinking water in sufficient quantities.
2. Short walks in the morning or in the evening.
3. In the initial 1-2 days of stay no alcohol and exotic delicacies.
4. At the first negative signs - complete rest.
5. Application of protecting from heat or cold.

In adults and children adapt to a different climate, accompanied by malaise. And in order to acclimatize the symptoms did not spoil the holiday and did not cause serious damage to health, it must necessarily be formed first-aid kit, includes preparations:

1. To reduce the heat.
2. With analgesic effect.
3. Antihistamine type.
4. For the normalization of the stomach.
5. Adaptogens.
6. Against burns.
7. For disinfection.
8. Medications recommended for individual chronic diseases.

Acclimatization in humans - a process of adult or child devices to the new conditions of existence upon territorial, natural or artificial movement.

Adaptation to changing climatic and geographical conditions, adaptation to new unfamiliar environmental factors takes place in people in different ways, depending on environmental factors and health status person.

Author: Ulianov Leonid Alexandrovich (bizint26)

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

Video of acclimatization symptoms

Symptoms of acclimatization and what to do: