Pantogam is a nootropic drug, produced in two dosage forms in tablets of 0.25 g and syrup of 100 mg / ml. A syrup is a colorless or slightly yellowish liquid, pleasant to taste with a cherry flavor.
Release it in a vial of dark glass, which is packed in a paper box.
Each measuring vial is supplied with a measuring spoon and detailed instructions for use. The active substance is gopantenic acid.
Contents
- Mechanism of Exposure and Pharmacokinetics
- Scope of Application
- What pathologies should I avoid using?
- Assignments to specific patient categories
- Undesirable effects and overdose cases
- Pharmaceutical interaction
- Dosage regimen
- Integrated opinion
- Storage and purchase conditions
- Medication analogs
Mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics
The therapeutic effect of Pantogam syrup is due to the presence of γ-aminobutyric acid( GABA).The drug has a nootropic and anticonvulsant effect.
The active substance increases the resistance of the brain to oxygen deficiency and toxins, activates anabolic reactions in neurons, combines a mild calming effect with a mild stimulating effect, eliminates excessive motor activity, increases mental and physical activity.
Normalizes the exchange of GABA in patients with chronic alcoholism. In addition, the active principle inhibits the acetylation process, which participates in the mechanisms of inactivation of procaine and sulfonamides, as a result, prolongation of their action is observed. When taking the medication, the reflex and tonus of the detrusor are normalized.
When taken orally, the syrup is rapidly adsorbed from the digestive tract. The active substance migrates through the BBB, the maximum concentration is observed in the skin integuments, liver, in the walls of the stomach, kidneys. The drug is withdrawn for 2 days in its pristine form with urine( 67.5%) and with calves( 28.5%).
Scope of Application
Syrup Pantogam is prescribed for the following pathologies:
- perinatal encephalopathy in newborn infants;
- cerebral palsy;
- oligophrenia of varying severity, including deviations in behavior;
- disorder of psychological state in children in the form of developmental lag, problems with speech, motor function and their combination, development of the school program( problems with reading, writing, arithmetic, etc.);
- hyperkinetic syndrome, including hyperactivity with a lack of attention;
- neurosis-like syndrome( with clonic stuttering, tics, incontinence of faeces and urine unrelated to organ pathologies);
- impairment of cognitive performance as a result of atherosclerosis of intracranial vessels, with organic brain damage due to trauma, exposure to toxins or infection;
- schizophrenia with cerebral insufficiency( in combination with psychotropic medications);
- extrapyramidal disorders with organic lesions of the central nervous system( Unferricht-Lundborg disease, Huntington's syndrome, Wilson-Konovalov's disease, tremor paralysis, etc.), as well as for therapy and prevention of extrapyramidal syndrome induced by antipsychotic drugs;
- epilepsy, accompanied by a decrease in the rate of mental reactions and a decrease in cognitive productivity, is used in conjunction with antiepileptic drugs;
- excessive psycho-emotional stress, chronic fatigue;
- neurogenic disorders of emptying the bladder( frequent urination, urgent enuresis, neurogenic bladder, imperative desires).
What pathologies should I avoid using?
It is advisable to refuse the reception of the syrup if the following conditions and diseases are observed:
- individual intolerance;
- serious kidney pathology in the acute stage;
- pregnancy up to 13 weeks;
- phenylketonuria, as one of the syrup's excipients is aspartame.
Assignments to specific patient categories
Pantogam syrup can be given to newborns from the first day of life. Dosage in them is selected individually, depending on the patient's age and overall health.
The drug should not be given to patients with severe kidney pathologies.
You should not take the drug in the first trimester, when the laying of the internal organs of the fetus.
Undesirable effects and cases of overdose
Despite the fact that in adults, Pantogam can cause sleep disturbances, emotional breakdowns, sleepwalking, in children from side reactions only allergic processes are observed in the form of conjunctivitis, rhinitis, skin manifestations. In this case, immediate withdrawal of treatment and the appointment of antihistamines are required.
If the dosage of the medication for a child is not correct, then there may be undesirable reactions from the brain, such as:
- excitability or vice versa asthenia;
- headache;
- tinnitus;
- dizziness;
- sleep disturbances.
With the development of the above-described phenomena, it is necessary to reduce the dosage of the drug.
Intentionally or accidentally overdose of syrup, there is an increase in negative reactions from the spinal cord and brain( tinnitus, headaches).
In this case, gastric lavage, reception of absorbents( Polysorb, Smecta, Neosmectin) is shown. Treatment is symptomatic, there is no specific antidote.
Pharmaceutical interaction
Active substance Pantogam enhances the effect of anticonvulsants, prolongs the therapeutic effect of barbiturates. With a parallel intake, unwanted reactions from Phenobarbital, Carbamazepine, and antipsychotics are eliminated.
With one-time use, potentiates the effect of local anesthetics, such as novocaine.
The therapeutic effect of the drug is enhanced if it is simultaneously taken with glycine and etidronic acid.
Dosing regimen
Syrup Pantogam allowed to take children from birth. It should be taken 30 minutes after feeding. Since the drug has a nootropic effect, it is better to take it in the morning.
The dosage and duration of treatment for each child is selected by the child physician individually, depending on the pathology of the central nervous system and age:
- in children under 1 year of age daily dose can vary from 5 to 10 ml( 500-1000 mg);
- up to 3 years from 5 to 12.5 ml;
- up to 7 years from 7.5 to 15 ml;
- for schoolchildren from 10 to 20 ml.
A single dose for children of any age should be 2.5-5 ml, the maximum daily dosage is 3 g.
The course of treatment can vary from 1 to 4 months, and sometimes up to six months. The next reception is permissible after 3-6 months.
During the first 7-12 days of intake, the dose should be gradually increased, then within 15-40 days the drug should be drunk at the recommended maximum dosage, then gradually reduce the daily dose until complete elimination.
Dosage of syrup depending on the disease:
- in schizophrenia in combination with neuroleptics daily dose should be 5-30 ml, duration of admission 30-90 days;
- with epilepsy in parallel with antiepileptic medicines, the daily dosage should be 7.5-10 ml, the duration of admission is up to 12 months or more;
- with dysfunction of the extrapyramidal system the drug is prescribed up to 30 ml per day;
- for extrapyramidal dyskinesia in patients with organic lesions of the central nervous system, the daily dosage is 5-30 ml, the course of admission is at least 4 months;
- with the consequences of brain damage due to injuries and infections dosage is the same as for extrapyramidal hyperkinesias;
- for recovery of mental and physical congestion the drug is prescribed for 2.5-5 ml to 3 times a day;
- for problems with emptying the bladder in pediatrics appoint 2.5-5 ml at a time, daily dosage is 25-50 mg / kg, duration of therapy is 1-3 months.
Integrated opinion of
Reviews of parents and experts about Pantogam syrup are mostly positive.
The doctor prescribed syrup Pantogam son for delayed speech development and febrile convulsions. After the treatment, our sleep was normalized, the child began to talk more.
Dose is rather difficult to calculate, if overdoing the child becomes uncontrollable.
Maria
A syrup was prescribed by a neurologist when her daughter was 2 years old. Diagnosed the delay in speech development. The doctor said 30 days to drink, as much as a break.
Warned that the effect will not be visible in less than 2 months. It's been 4 months since there have been any shifts. He did not help us.
Anastasia
Pantogam should be taken no later than 5 pm, otherwise there will be problems with sleep. Children older than 3 years are better to give a drug in the form of tablets. Do not expect a miracle from the drug, in itself it is ineffective, it should be taken in conjunction with other medications, which should appoint a specialist.
Denmark Nailevna neurologist, experience 35 years
Conditions of storage and purchase
Store the drug in a place protected from light and unattainable for children with a maximum of 25 degrees. After opening the bottle, it should be stored in the refrigerator for a maximum of 30 days.
Shelf life from the date of manufacture is 2 years, after the expiration, which the medicine can not be taken.
The drug can be purchased at the pharmacy by a specialist's prescription.
Drugs analogues
Today in the pharmacy you can buy complete analogues of syrup Pantogam preparations Pantokaltsin and Calcium Gopantenate. In addition to 
, there are analogues for the therapeutic group:
- Encephabol;
- Fezam;
- Stugeron;
- Cavinton;
- Trental.
Substitute syrup Pantogam for an analogue is allowed only with the permission of a specialist, since any medication has its own features of use, indications and contraindications.
