Diseases Of The Blood

Hemoglobin. The norm in children age, the table, the causes of low hemoglobin, increases the level of products, food, drugs

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Among the main features include hemoglobin supply the body with oxygen and maintain normal indicator of acid-base balance. The quantity of hemoglobin in the adult is dependent on age and sex, and ranges from 100 to 160 g / l. In children, the rate of hemoglobin age ranges from 90 to 225 g / l.

The content of the article:

  • 1 The main task of hemoglobin
  • 2 Factors that lower rates in childhood
  • 3 external displays
  • 4 The consequences of under-performance
  • 5 methods of diagnosis
  • 6 Table with hemoglobin standards in children by age
  • 7 Products to enhance the concentration of hemoglobin
  • 8 drug therapy
  • 9 Traditional methods of increasing hemoglobin
  • 10 Video of normal hemoglobin in children

The main task of hemoglobin

For the full life of a person needs oxygen. Once in the body, he is not able to spread throughout the body, it helps hemoglobin contained in blood. There are several types of hemoglobin.

Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs

The main of them include two types - oxyhemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the tissues, and karbogemoglobin, it delivers the carbon dioxide to the lungs, outputting exhale.

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Also there is a hemoglobin, it is not useful to the person who refers to it:

  • disgemoglobin - the protein that can react with various substances, such as glucose, carbon monoxide or other harmful compounds;
  • carboxyhemoglobin formed by the compound with carbon dioxide;
  • ferrihemoglobin - is able to connect to the toxic chemical elements.

By the main features of hemoglobin include its ability to actively join the carbon dioxide.

That is why carbon monoxide is very dangerous for humans, because if any hemoglobin is almost completely lost the ability to enrich with oxygen the body's tissues.

Factors that lower rates in childhood

This protein complex is formed in humans even if the child's development in the womb, but it is qualitatively different from the adult hemoglobin. After the birth of the baby squirrels begins to slowly move from the fetal form on glycosylated. Complete replacement takes place closer to the age of 1 year.

Hemoglobin (the norm for children in age from birth to 5 years varies greatly) can be reduced in the blood of very young children, for various reasons.

For example:

  • A lot of blood at the birth of a baby can lose if her mother found out placental abruption or torn umbilical cord.
    Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
  • underdevelopment of the bone marrow is often in children who were born prematurely, because of what the protein, while there is an increase of red blood cells produced by the collapse enough.
  • Iron deficiency may have children who are bottle-fed.
  • If during the pregnancy an expectant mother there was a constant shortage of iron, it is likely, the child will also suffer from a lack of this element.
  • The growing body of the child sometimes start working antibodies, which he received from his mother, actively destroying red blood cells. This occurs when some pathologies, such as hemolytic disease.
  • Spherocytosis can lead to iron deficiency. This is due to the irregular shape of hemoglobin cells, which leads to an acceleration of protein degradation.
  • The hazards of the diseases that the baby suffered even in utero. These include syphilis, rubella, herpes. These diseases also lead to accelerated decay of hemoglobin.
  • in the amount of blood the iron-containing protein may vary and often depend on the time of year. In autumn and winter, when walking on the street become less prolonged, performance may be slightly lowered.
  • Even if the newborn was born with the best indicators of the level of iron-containing protein, with malnutrition at 6 months of age, performance can drop. At this point, end all resources received at birth from the mother.

In children 1 year and older causes of iron deficiency will be different:

  • Bleeding - Open with injuries and closed, as well as in girls during puberty with the onset of menstruation. Also, children who have problems with the gastrointestinal tract can be hidden blood loss, which will inevitably lead to anemia.
    Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
  • Lack of proper nutrition. It should be borne in mind that even if the child's feeding products, which are rich in the desired element is not always possible to keep it at an optimum level. Promote rapid absorption of iron minerals such as copper and manganese. Also iron is almost completely absorbed in the body in the presence of ascorbic acid.
  • If during their active growing baby will not get enough vegetables, then at the same time his body will not fall folic acid, and vitamin B12, which in turn can lead to a decrease in red blood cell production, i.e. to anemia.
  • If the wrong metabolism can often be observed reduction of iron level in the blood. To this can lead inactive lifestyles, lack of walking in the street. But it is necessary to take into account that much pressure can also lead to a decrease in performance.
  • Acceptance of medicines at a young age, especially uncontrollably.
  • Allergy, atopic dermatitis and exudative diathesis;
  • Mycoses and worm infestation can cause the body iron absorption problems.

external displays

In infants, symptoms may be observed in the case of lowering the rates of iron-containing protein:

  • Baby skin is dry, sometimes cracked, it becomes especially noticeable in the corners of the lips. Hair and nails are hardly growing and often break down.
  • The child gets tired quickly, often sluggish and cranky. Due to the irregularities in muscle development is lagging behind in its development.
  • Appear gastrointestinal problems like constipation can occur, and the weakening of the chair. They may also appear thrush and stomatitis.
    Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
  • Due to oxygen starvation of a child's brain is not fully developed, which leads to mental retardation.
  • Children who received an insufficient amount of nutrients from mothers have weak immunity, so they have a tendency to frequent diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

The child has these symptoms may occur over 1 year:

  • Typically, low blood pressure observed in iron deficiency in children, leading to difficulty breathing with exercise, and tachycardia, children often lose consciousness.
  • The child may complain of pain in the head, tinnitus, and vertigo.
  • He begins to eat chalk, lime or ground, which may indicate a decrease in iron-containing protein in blood.

The consequences of under-performance

Due to the iron-containing protein deficit in the growing body of the child there is a delay in mental as well as physical development. This is especially true of infants between the ages of 6 months. up to 1 year. During this period there is an active development of the brain in cognitive performance and motor skills of the child.

Also in iron deficiency due to decreased immunity in children lose the ability to resist a variety of viral and infectious diseases.

Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs

The lack of oxygen leads to a failure in the systems of the whole organism and the child can not tolerate even a small exercise. It appears rapid fatigue and lethargy.

methods of diagnosis

There are several methods for studying the composition of blood:

  • Sali method - based on property of the hemoglobin: when exposed to hydrochloric acid pass into hematite chloride. In this case, the liquid color will be directly proportional to the amount of iron contained in the blood. This method is not used very often, because even with all the rules there share of errors, which can lead to the wrong diagnosis.
  • Tsianmetgemoglobinovy ​​method - a more detailed method, which is based on the property of the iron-containing protein when attached to a biological substance converted to cyanmethemoglobin. In this case, use Drabkin solution under the influence of which becomes hemoglobin to methemoglobin, and then in gemiglobintsianid. In order to know the level of hemoglobin, not necessarily to go to the clinic, you can use a special device that can be used on their own at home. With the passage of the analysis should not forget about some of the factors that may influence the outcome. These include food and stress.
  • Gemihromny method - the advantage of this method is that it is completely non-toxic. This method is based on the fact that all cells in which iron is present, are converted into gemihrom reddish color.

If you suspect that diabetes is assigned biochemical research on the presence of glycated hemoglobin. To do this, use the meter.

Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs

The children of poor blood transfusion is assigned to urine analysis, in which the hemoglobin may be present under certain conditions.

Table with hemoglobin standards in children by age

After passing the blood sample, many are trying to decipher it yourself. hemoglobin level is one of the main indicators, but its value is not stable and depends on many factors.

Hemoglobin (the norm in children over the age varies from birth and throughout the entire active growth) is very a high level of children immediately after birth and during the first 3 days of life, and then it should significantly decrease. This is due to the fact that the protein changes its shape from one to another.

Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
Norma hemoglobin in children varies by age. At birth, the baby elevated readings, but then they are aligned.

Hemoglobin (the norm in children by age is moved to the table) represents the following indicators:

Age of the child The median Hb, g / l Age of the child The median Hb, g / l
At the time of birth 180 — 240 6-12 months 100 — 140
1-3 days 145 — 220 1-2 years 105 — 145
7 days 130 — 215 3-6 years 110 — 150
2 weeks 125 — 204 7-12 years 115 — 150
1 month 100 — 180 13-15 years 115 — 155
2 months 90 — 140 16-18 years 120 — 160
3-6 months 95 — 135

Hemoglobin (the norm in children over the age of puberty varies depending on the sex of the child) has the following characteristics:

Age of the child Girls Boys
12 - 15 years 112 — 152 120 — 160
15 - 18 years 115 — 155 117 — 160

Products to enhance the concentration of hemoglobin

If the child is breastfed, then add any products that contribute to the hemoglobin, it is not necessary. All the necessary vitamins and minerals the baby receives from the mother's milk. Much more useful would be that such products were kept regularly and in sufficient quantities in mother's food.

Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs

A child may receive adapted formulas. In this case, the presence of reduced hemoglobin rule that does not correspond to the age, possible to use mixtures with high content of iron-containing protein.

When the child reached the age of 5-6 months, my mother's stocks run out, and the time comes to enter the first feeding. Most often, doctors recommend starting with the vegetables that are rich in iron. Gradually adding other products, thus enriching the diet of the baby.

Meals for children up to 1 year:

  • Iron rich variety of vegetables, especially potatoes, pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, tomatoes;
  • fruit red useful to use both fresh and in dried or dried form;
  • cereal porridge, an exception is semolina. The richest in iron is buckwheat;
  • Berries red and black, as well as juice and mash them;
  • egg yolk;
  • preference should be given red meat: veal, beef. Slightly less than the iron found in turkey, chicken and rabbit;
  • dried fruits.
Product name The amount of iron
Chicken 4 — 5
Liver 18-20
Buckwheat 7-10
chicken egg yolk 7-8
Turkey 3-5
raspberry 1,5-1,8
An Apple 0,5-2,2
Carrot 0,8-1,2
Apricot 4-4,5
Dried apples 15-15,5
prunes 12-14,5
Dried apricots 11-12
bilberry 7,8-8,2
pork liver 28-30

The recommended amount of iron for the child to 1 year in the day - from 4 to 10 mg.

Nutrition for children 1 to 3 years:

  • you must follow the proper nutrition to the baby in the diet is always present fruits and vegetables, meat;
  • You can enter the menu legumes, which are rich in iron content;
    Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
  • if a child has low hemoglobin, then it should be limited to the consumption of dairy products because they contain calcium, which hinders the absorption of iron;
  • White wheat bread can be replaced by baking with bran because the bran is rich in iron.

Meals for children from 3 to 6 years,Not forgetting the food recommendations, up to 3 years, the child's diet can be enriched with the following products:

  • products which include theobroma;
  • liver paste or puree;
  • fruit and berry juices;
  • baked or boiled potatoes and squash;
  • eggs, but is best suited quail;
  • linseed oil, which is actively involved in metabolic processes, improving the absorption of iron.

Products, the amount of which should be restricted: sour cream, fat varieties of cheese, fermented baked milk, as well as a variety of desserts.

Consumption rate of iron per day to 10 mg.

Meals for children from 6 to 12 years of age, in this age of fast raise hemoglobin indicators will help the following products:

  • All kinds of herbs, especially parsley, basil;
  • pomegranate juice before drinking is recommended to dilute;
  • baked apples;
    Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
  • Different nuts;
  • wheat bran or rice;
  • iron-rich seafood, especially fatty fish;
  • tea rosehip berries.

Prohibited products include fast food, every soda and milk yogurt. In children aged 6 - 12 years of iron rule in the day not more than 12 mg. From 11 to 17 years, the consumption rate of boys is 15 mg, and in girls 18 mg per day.

drug therapy

For children up to one year the main prevention of anemia is breastfeeding, but if you still have a child diagnosed with anemia, it is possible to use other drugs.

They are as follows:

  • Iron Maltofer drops - taken with food or immediately after the 10-20 cap. 1 per day. The drug can be mixed with water or juices.
  • Ferrum lek - the use and dosage is the same as that of the Maltofer drops.
  • Ferlatum take 1.5 ml / kg per day. Divide into 2 doses. Treatment continue to not more than 6 months.
    Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
  • Aktiferrin - give the child before meals, diluting with water. Up to 1 year - 10-15 cap. three times a day.
  • gemofer - drops can be taken between meals or just on time food, diluting a small amount of water, 15 to 30 drops. in a day.
  • totem - contents of the vial should be diluted with water or other liquid except tea, coffee, milk. You need to use before meals for children from 1 month at the rate of 5-10 mg of iron per 1 kg of body weight of the child per day. 1 ampoule contains 50 mg of iron.
  • Ferronat - suspension before use is necessary to shake. We need to take between meals, drinking water. The recommended dosage for children aged 2 to 5 ml per day, from 2 to 6 years of 5 ml, 2 times a day, from 6 years of age and older with 5 ml 3 times per day.

Children older than 2 years can apply the same drugs only in syrups. For the convenience of their use in packaging present capful.

Older children most effectively treated with tablets or capsules. The dosage of these medicines should be determined by a physician, as the iron dose required child may differ from the dose recommended in the instructions.

Traditional methods of increasing hemoglobin

Increase the hemoglobin parameters can not only medicines, and help people's recipes:

  • A glass of rose hips insist, add to it 1 tbsp. l. honey and a little lemon juice. You need to drink in the morning on an empty stomach. Children will be enough, and 0.5 cups.
  • 1 tbsp. ground walnuts connected to ground buckwheat (crude), add to a mixture of 1 tbsp. honey. Children to eat 1 tbsp. l. in a day.
  • A mixture of milled ingredients (in equal proportions): raisins, dried apricots, nuts, honey and giving children of 2-3 hours. l. per day. This mixture not only raises the rate of hemoglobin, but also strengthens the immune system as a whole.
    Norma hemoglobin in children by age Table. The causes of low hemoglobin, food, drugs
  • Half a cup of apple juice and the fourth part of a glass of carrot and beet juice drink for 30 minutes. before meals. Before that, you need to eat 1 tbsp. l. sour cream.
  • The mix equal amounts cranberry, honey and nut. Eat immediately necessary. Therefore, you need to cook in small doses.
  • Fresh carrot juice is necessary to drink for 7 days.
  • You can use the fruits of mountain ash and wild rose. To do this, you need to take on the 3 tbsp. l. berries and pour a glass of boiling water. Let stand 15 minutes. Take 1 tbsp. l. before meals three times a day.
  • The equivalent proportions mix prunes, nuts, raisins, dried apricots, add honey and a lemon with the skin (can be replaced with aloe juice). Serving for 2-3 h. l. in a day.
  • Cope with anemia and wheat germ. Is required to connect the wheat with honey, dried fruit can be added. Eat 2 tablespoons. l. in a day.
  • It is possible to grind until smooth and pour buckwheat with kefir for the night. In the morning breakfast.
  • Mix the milled buckwheat groats and nuts in equal amounts. Add to them a dark honey. Giving your child in the morning before eating, do not drink anything.
  • For the prevention of iron deficiency using carrot juice, radish and beet, taken in equal proportions. It must take before meals for 1 st. l. for 3 months. Juice stored in a dark glass container in a cold place.

Indicators hemoglobin standards in the child at each age is different and not always indicative of deviations in health, but parents need to keep this issue under control.

Author of the article: wah

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of normal hemoglobin in children

Norma hemoglobin in children by age:

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