What if the child has low blood pressure and what are the possible causes?

Complaints about pressure problems are common in older people, but when the pediatrician says that there are abnormalities, namely low blood pressure in the child - this causes parents bewilderment. With this diagnosis, the baby can complain of headaches, weakness, schoolchildren are confronted with the characteristic symptoms of hypotension with difficulties in learning and remembering new information.

Such manifestations can not be ignored and attributed to normal overwork, otherwise further progression of the disease can lead to serious health problems. It is necessary as soon as possible to show the child to the doctor and find out the causes that cause a decrease in pressure.

Causes of low blood pressure in a child

About hypotension in a child speak in the case when the blood pressure figures drop below 100/60 mm Hg. A special group of risk are schoolchildren, and girls are more likely to suffer from this condition. However, abnormalities can occur even in newborn babies, which is associated with certain impairments during intrauterine development( eg, fetal hypoxia), premature birth or infections.

Among the most common causes of low pressure in children, doctors are called:

• Hereditary predisposition. If close relatives suffer from hypotension, the likelihood of developing a disease in a baby reaches 80%.
• Anatomical individual features, both congenital and acquired. That is, such deviations as thickening of the skull bone, birth trauma, improper overgrowing of the fontanel - all this can provoke hypotension.
• Changes in the hormonal background in adolescence, puberty.
• Long-term psychoemotional pressure, excessive demands on the baby, high training loads lead to constant stress and development of hypotension.
• Chronic forms of diseases of the upper respiratory tract( bronchitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis) also provoke a drop in blood pressure.
• All kinds of diets and dietary restrictions affect the physical development of the adolescent and can lead to anemia, vitamin deficiency and reduced blood pressure.

In addition to these reasons, in a child, low lower pressure may manifest due to serious diseases and traumatic factors. In this list the following conditions:

• metabolic disorders;
• of the endocrine system( hypothyroidism);
• disease of the digestive system;
• failures in the functioning of the pituitary gland;
• is an incipient or already developed diabetes mellitus;
• poisoning by chemical toxic substances( for example, exhaust gases, paint vapors, etc.);
• craniocereberal trauma;
• heart disease and cardiovascular disease;
• other injuries, accompanied by significant blood loss;
• vitamin deficiency, iron deficiency anemia.

A persistent drop in blood pressure can be caused by kidney and adrenal diseases, mental disorders, pathologies such as encephalopathy or hydrocephalus. The reasons that cause the characteristic symptoms of hypotension are many, it is important to identify them in time and eliminate them, which will help to avoid dangerous health consequences in the future.

Symptoms of hypotension in children

Suspected hypotension( low blood pressure) is possible on the basis of the following manifestations:

• General weakness that occurs intermittently. Often a child comes from school very tired and can not engage in the usual business. This condition is caused by lack of oxygen and long hours spent in stuffy rooms. In this case, the baby needs rest( for example, a two-hour sleep in a quiet environment).Dizziness, headache. Often a child complains that his eyes darkened and his head began to spin when he jumped from his bed( that is, when moving from a horizontal position to a vertical one).Headaches often occur in the morning, at the first lessons in school, with increased emotional stress or changing weather conditions. The pain is pressing, pulsating and localized in the region of the temples, occiput or crown.
• Memory impairment, difficulties with the assimilation of information, reduced efficiency even with small mental or physical loads. Increased fatigue is directly related to changes in vascular tone, worsening of blood circulation and a drop in blood pressure.
• Emotional lability. A child with hypotension becomes unnecessarily tearful, irritable or touchy. It is difficult for him to adapt to the new situation, to get used to the children's collective, make new friends.
• Bleeding from the nose, a feeling of lack of air, pain in the heart, joint and muscle pain - these symptoms can occur periodically, and their severity directly depends on the course of the disease.
• Hypotonic crises. Attacks of sudden deterioration of state of health can be accompanied by strong weakness, nausea, palpitations, pale skin. Perhaps the appearance of copious cold sweat, fainting.

As a rule, among children the symptomatic of disorders associated with low blood pressure is most clearly manifested in autumn and spring. This state of the child can not be ignored, because the consequences of low blood pressure can be very serious.

Diagnosis

To answer the question why the child has low blood pressure, a thorough medical examination will help. If a child or adolescent has signs that suggest problems with pressure, then first of all, you need to learn to measure blood pressure with a tonometer. Parents can do this on their own, especially since the pressure measuring device can now be purchased at any pharmacy.

The next step will be a visit to a therapist or pediatrician and a survey to determine the causes of this condition. The doctor will tell in detail what to do if the child has low blood pressure and take the following steps:

• will monitor the pressure;
• will send for consultation to an endocrinologist, neurologist and cardiologist;
• the child will take blood for general and biochemical analysis.

If traditional methods of examination do not reveal the cause of the pathology, ultrasound of the heart, MRI or CT of the brain and internal organs is prescribed. On a brain examination can be sent immediately, if there are prerequisites:

• complications and pathologies of pregnancy;
• is a tumor history in the immediate family;
• birth injury in a child;
• trauma of the skull in the anamnesis, including head injuries.

Sometimes, pressure reduction is temporary, and it normalizes on its own as the child grows up. You can improve the condition with the help of power correction and day mode. In severe cases, resort to medical treatment.

What medications can I take?

When a child has low blood pressure and a headache, parents first of all try to cope with the pain syndrome and give the baby analgesic drugs. However, without a complete clinical picture of the causes of hypotension, it is not necessary to resort to anesthetics. And especially not to give children and adolescents any pills without a direct prescription of a doctor, even if it is they who are rescued from migraine attacks by another member of the family.

Low blood pressure in a child 10 years and younger is generally not recommended to be adjusted medically. But this does not mean that you need to leave your baby alone with pain - a small cup of loose natural coffee with milk, chocolate or a black sweet tea with raspberries are quite capable of helping the child's body. Of course, if hypotension is not caused by diseases that exclude such foods from the diet.

Low blood pressure in a child of 11 years already allows the taking of medications, but only if they are prescribed by the doctor and in strict accordance with the recommended dosage. Independently give drugs can not, because directly children's forms of medication from hypotension does not exist. Therefore, only a specialist can say that give the child at low pressure, determine the correct dosage and intake scheme, based on the general condition, the weight of the child and other parameters. In pediatric practice, the following medicines are prescribed for the normalization of pressure:

• Heptamyl;
• Rantarin;
• Ecdisthen;
• Gutron.

Low blood pressure in a child of 12 years is usually associated with mental stress, nervous stress and the onset of hormonal changes in the body. If the supervising physician considers it necessary to adjust the level of pressure with medications, then usually prescribes the following drugs:

• Fetanol;
• Caffeine;
• Pyracetam;
• Cinnarizine;
• Pantogam.

Many adults are saved from a headache under reduced pressure with a drug such as Citramon, and it is also given to children when characteristic symptoms appear. This should not be done in any case! Active active substances in Citramone are caffeine and acetylsalicylic acid. Such a mixture can provoke bleeding and blood coagulability problems in children. Do not resort to medication with caffeine if the child has low blood pressure and high heart rate. In this case, the choice of medicines should be approached with extreme caution.

Folk remedies

People's remedies can always come to the aid of low pressure, which unlike many toxic medications will not cause complications and do not strike the baby's liver. The folk methods used to correct low pressure include:

• medicinal herbs;
• food.

Infusions and decoctions of herbs are very good for hypotension, especially now, when the necessary fees can be bought for a penny to buy in any pharmacy. A wide range of herbal collections makes it possible to choose the desired composition and brew it as simple tea. At low pressure, we recommend collections with such herbs as:

• Schisandra;
• trapper;
• crimson leaf;
• Eleutherococcus;
• ginseng;
• celery;
• parsley;
• raspberry;
• currant.

As for Eleutherococcus, it can be purchased as a ready-made tincture. And it can be given to children from 3-4 years, drop by drop, according to the instructions, the same applies to ginseng - tincture from its root is sold ready. Such drugs have a powerful tonic effect, promote vascular strengthening, increase the body's defenses and help normalize blood pressure.

In regard to celery, do not neglect a number of wonderful peasant recipes. For example, grated celery root mixed with the same amount of grated radish or turnips, add honey. You can eat the resulting mixture as an independent dish, spread it on bread or add to the porridge - there are no restrictions, and there is a lot of benefit from this composition. In addition, in the daily menu of children with low blood pressure should be present products such as:

• honey;
• raspberry, both fresh and jam;
• pickled cucumbers;
• sauerkraut with cranberries;
• sea fish - both slightly salted and spicy ambassadors.

At the same time, one should not forget that the cause of low blood pressure in children can be a serious concomitant disease. In case of problems with the digestive organs, it is necessary to develop a proper diet for a child with hypotension together with a doctor or a nutritionist.

Prevention measures

Preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of pressure problems include the following:

• compliance with the daily routine;
• is a correct and nutritious food that provides the necessary balance of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and microelements needed for a growing body;
• the correct ratio of mental and physical loads;
• hardening procedures, playing sports.

Often a simple correction of the daily routine completely solves the pressure problems. Especially if it's about children under 11 years old. The daily routine requires the following rules:

• wake up at the same time;
• easy charging;
• power at certain hours;
• daytime sleep or rest;
• walks regardless of the desire of adults and the weather;
• refusal to watch television programs or computer games before night sleep. At this time, it is better to read a book, listen to a fairy tale or quiet music.

The question of nutrition implies a revision of the baby's diet in the direction of increasing the content of the menu of fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products, compulsory cereals in the morning.

The volume of physical and mental loads must be controlled. Modern children at the request of parents visit a lot of circles, sports sections, additional classes. The child tries everything in time, he does not have time for rest, sometimes the stress is so great that it causes pathologies in health. Downloading children should be in accordance with their interests and real possibilities, rather than the vision or desire of adults.

Hardening and hygiene of the body is the oldest method of combating pressure surges. These measures should be understood as a contrast shower, wiping, exercising in an easy physical exercise in the fresh air.