Dexamethasone is included in the group of glucocorticoids - and is a synthetic analogue of steroid hormones that are produced by the adrenal cortex. Many patients would like to know how many excreted from the body Dexamethasone and how it continues to impact.
Glucocorticosteroid means have potent anti-inflammatory effectiveness, as well as immunosuppressive, anti-allergic, antishock effect. In order to understand the mechanism of excretion of the drug, it is necessary to consider its pharmacokinetic properties. Wherein the means with different methods of use, particularly excretion can be changed.
oral administration
After internal use Dexamethasone is active and completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration of drug in the blood is accumulated for one - two hours. Once in the blood, dexamethasone binds to transcortin (carrier protein). It possesses properties penetration through the blood-brain barrier and the placental barrier. The process of metabolism occurs in the liver, with the formation of inactive metabolites.
Deducing most of the drug occurs via the urinary tract. The half-life from the blood is 3 - 5 hours. Dexamethasone is completely eliminated from the body by the kidneys for about 3 days. At this same time it lasts its therapeutic effect after a single use of the tablet.
Intravenous (parenteral) administration
In case of administration in which it passes the gastrointestinal tract (parenteral administration) metabolic rate is increased, thereby shortening the period of pharmacologic effects Dexamethasone. Withdrawal after the injection is similar to oral administration. It is considered that Dexamethasone is output from the body within 72 hours.
Outside the local application
When external application of the drug, in the form of ointments or drops, entering the active agent into the systemic circulation is very small. However, if during the procedure exceeded the therapeutic dose, the absorption, metabolism and excretion will take place according to the scenario described above.
Side effect
In the following side reactions can occur during therapy Dexamethasone:
- feeling of nausea, retching, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, increased liver enzymes;
- disorders of adrenal function; weight gain, menstrual disorders, the development of the child;
- pathology of heart rate, increased blood pressure, occurrence of blood clots in the vessels;
- feeling dizzy, increasing the pressure inside the skull, acute psychiatric disorders, sleep disorders, headaches;
- disorders of the visual apparatus functions, cornea pathology;
- metabolic disorders, as well as the balance of water and electrolytes;
- reduction of calcium levels in blood;
- slowing the regeneration of tissues, and the appearance of acne scars.
conclusion
During the treatment period, drug half-life is 3-5 hours. However, it is believed that Dexamethasone is completely cleared from the blood for 3 days, which proves that the duration of its effect when taken orally. Because the drug has contraindications and side effects, it is necessary prior to treatment Dexamethasone consult a doctor so that he has appointed an appropriate scheme application.
sources:
Vidal: https://www.vidal.ru/drugs/dexamethasone__36873
GRLS: https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx? routingGuid = 5db6dfe2-5236-4cd7-86de-d6f534373dd4 & t =
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