1 What is the threat of diarrhea?

Diarrhea is a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, when the child has a change in the consistency of stool. An interesting point is that in children such a problem has its division, which is oriented toward the age of the baby. Therefore in medicine it is accepted to allocate the following classification:

1. Up to 1 year. Here the method of feeding the baby - breast milk or a mixture - is taken into account. In the first case, children should go to the toilet on average 5-6 times a day. At the same time, their feces have a yellow tinge, a homogeneous structure without any inclusions. The second category of toddlers goes to the toilet a little less often - 4 times. Because of their mixture, the feces can have a brown tint, and the consistency itself will be more dense. But again there should be no impurities among the masses.
2. 1-2 years. This is the period of transition from breast milk( mixture) to adult food, cooked in a certain way. Such children already go to the toilet less often - 1-2 times a day. The consistency of stool becomes more dense and thick, but the uniformity is preserved. If there are pieces of food in the masses, this indicates that the children's stomach does not absorb this ingredient, so parents should either cut the product more finely, or refuse to use it.
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3. 3 years and older. Here allocation have a similar character with adults. For a day a child can go to the toilet 1 time. Its feces have a darker shade of brown and become denser. If the child has not emptied the intestine once a day, this may be the first signal of a possible constipation, so the baby will become more moody and may complain of abdominal pain.

As children are physiologically and anatomically digestive system is still forming, they often suffer from various disorders, one of which isonce and is diarrhea.

Parents should know that diarrhea requires treatment, because at first glance such a harmless disease can lead to serious consequences. Dehydration, which occurs as a result of a significant loss of fluid, leads to the fact that in the child's body, the electrolytic and salt balance is disturbed.

Determination of diarrhea in children follows the following formula: 10 g of faeces per 1 kg of body weight. If the parents visually understand that there are too many feces, then they should immediately seek help from a specialist.

2 Symptoms of diarrhea in children

To begin treatment of diarrhea, it is necessary to determine exactly what it has in the child. In fact, this ailment has several symptoms, except fluid consistency.

Therefore, parents should remember about the following manifestations of diarrhea:

• the child defecates more often than laid down at his age;
• if the baby is able to talk, then he will complain about the frequent pain in the abdomen, and so mom can pay attention to the swelling;
• touching the tummy, parents can note that the child begins to be capricious and even hysterical;
• appetite decreases or disappears altogether;
• a child may be tormented by nausea, which changes into vomiting;
• can be sweated, especially at the time of the act of defecation;
• baby becomes sluggish and weak.

If parents start to notice all these symptoms from their child, they can be sure that diarrhea has started. The sooner they react to the situation, the easier it will be to cope with it.

3 Why does the disorder occur?

Diarrhea in children can occur for absolutely different reasons. Often such a situation provokes a bacterium or an infection that has got into the child's body. Before giving any medicines, it is necessary to specify the cause of the problem. Why? This is important from the position of competent treatment, because if the child is climbing the first teeth, then in no case can it be stuffed with antibiotics, as this will have a detrimental effect on the child's body.

Diarrhea may occur due to the following:

1. As a result of taking antibiotics. These drugs negatively affect the digestive system of the baby and can cause dysbacteriosis. If the child has already turned a year, then to avoid such consequences it is necessary to give the child special medicines that will protect the intestinal microflora.
2. There is such an unpleasant disease as dysentery. Its first symptom is diarrhea. It is important to react in time to the situation, since this ailment can have very dangerous consequences, up to a lethal outcome.
3. Functional diarrhea, which is an intestinal disorder, while the baby grows and develops without abnormalities. To determine this form, it is necessary to take laboratory tests.
4. Bacterial infection is the most common cause of diarrhea. But there is a wide enough range of various bacteria and microorganisms that negatively affect the digestive system. Such a cause poses a certain threat to the health and life of the baby, since it can also impede development.

Viral infection can occur both in adult children and in infants. But the danger of such infection is that it provokes a strong dehydration of the child's body.

Treatment of diarrhea should first of all begin with prevention. Parents need to monitor the hygienic state of the room, children's accessories, toys. It is very important to teach the child to wash their hands, especially after going to the toilet. The products given to the child must be properly processed and fresh.

Actually, diarrhea can be chronic. This is evidenced by frequent bowel movement, which is held by the child for more than 3 weeks. This form of ailment occurs in children older than 2 years.

Diarrhea remedies can be very diverse, but they can only be prescribed by a specialist. And the drugs directly depend on the general condition of the small patient and the cause that caused this ailment.

4 How to help the baby?

In most cases, with diarrhea, the child's fever rises, fever, vomiting and spasms in the intestine.

This condition exacerbates dehydration, as the baby begins to lose useful elements - calcium, magnesium, sodium and others.

The first thing parents can do in this situation is to call a doctor or an ambulance. While physicians will reach, it is necessary to control the water-salt balance in the baby. For this, a special glucose-saline solution should always be present in the home medicine cabinet. The best option would be Regidron or Oralit. It is sold in bags, diluted in 1 liter of pure boiled water. This remedy is given in batches, but the dose is calculated according to age.

The exact dosage should be obtained from a doctor. Such glucose-salt solutions can be given to newborns with diarrhea, but only after consultation with the pediatrician.

Also, treatment includes monitoring the baby's diet, especially for children who already eat adult food. At first, categorically contraindicated dairy products. If the child is still breastfed, then it is still to be fed with lactose-free mixtures. When a child is over 2 years old, after curing diarrhea, its diet does not include a whole week of heavy food. This will allow you to rest the digestive system and restore your strength.

As for the drug treatment, the following medicines often cure diarrhea:

1. Regidron, Enterol, Loperamide, Nifuroxazide.
2. Smecta is even allowed for newborns, since it has a mild effect.
3. Activated charcoal is given if diarrhea was caused by toxins.

Do not forget that the baby's intestines may need prebiotics, since not all medicines have a sparing effect.

The entire period of treatment for a child is given a lot of fluid. It will help keep the water balance at the required level and remove all toxins from the body.

Any medicine for diarrhea for children should be given after discussing it with a doctor. This is necessary in order to avoid serious consequences. First, every remedy has its own spectrum of side effects, and secondly, the baby can develop an allergic reaction. Children are more susceptible to the chemical composition of medicines, so all doctors strongly recommend not to engage in self-medication.

5 Traditional medicine

Many pediatricians in the treatment of diarrhea include a prescription for traditional medicine. Since natural ingredients will be used here, no harm is done to the child's body. The only thing is an allergic reaction. Therefore, before giving something to the baby, it is necessary to make sure that this does not provoke allergies.

Folk recipes for diarrhea for children have the following recommendations:

1. 1 tsp.(with a slide) of starch in powder is bred in 250 ml of pure boiled water. Stir thoroughly until the product dissolves, and give the child to drink small sips every hour.
2. You can give rye biscuits( 100 g), which are filled with a glass of warm water and soaked for 5-7 minutes. Then the product is well filtered, and this liquid is taken throughout the day.
3. Berries of gooseberries( 150 g) must be crushed to the state of gruel. Then the container is covered with polyethylene and left for 5-7 minutes. After this, the baby is given 1 tsp.an hour before meals. But this medicine is intended only for children older than 6 months.

Drink chamomile or St. John's wort to drink. Such herbs can be purchased at any pharmacy. They help not only to consolidate the stool, but also to remove irritation from the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines.

To national medicine, fastening products: pears, rice and water in which it is boiled, semolina, pasta, banana, black currant, apples, etc. can be referred to folk medicine. But they can be given in accordance with the age and needs of the child.