Dioxidine in ampoules and drops in the nose and ear: instructions for use

Instructions for the use of Dioxidin indicate that this medication from the group of synthetic antibiotics has an extensive spectrum of bactericidal action. Dioxidine is especially active against anaerobes, which makes it possible to use it in the treatment of severe purulent infections. In addition, the medication is included in the treatment regimen for diseases caused by anaerobic microorganisms and other strains of bacteria that exhibit resistance to other chemotherapy drugs.

The drug Dioxidin: description

Dioxidine is a synthetic antimicrobial agent with an active ingredient from the group of quinoxaline derivatives. In medicine, the drug is used in the treatment of infections caused by the following types of pathogens:

• staphylococci, streptococci;
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
• Klebsiella;
• dysentery bacillus;
• cholera vibrio, Koch's stick.

The drug is highly active against anaerobic bacteria (including those that cause gas gangrene) and other pathogens of purulent-infectious processes. Obligate anaerobes are especially sensitive to the antibiotic, which makes it possible to prescribe Dioxidin in the treatment of pseudotuberculosis, shegellosis, cholera, salmonellosis.

The action of the active substance - hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide, is aimed at suppressing the vital activity and destruction of the cell membranes of pathogenic bacteria, which leads to their destruction.

When injected, the drug can exhibit mutagenic and teratogenic effects, which limits its use and requires careful adherence to the recommended dosages during treatment. In a therapeutic concentration, the drug remains in the blood for 4 hours, reaching a maximum after 60 minutes. In this case, the active substance penetrates into all tissues and internal organs, but at the same time it does not accumulate in the body during repeated administrations. The drug is removed from the body through the urinary system (kidneys).

Varieties

Dioxidine has several forms of release:

1. ointment 5%;
2. Dioxidine solution (0.5%) for intravenous injection;
3. Dioxidine in ampoules for inhalation (5mg) and intracavitary (1%).

Dioxidin ointment is intended for external use. 1 g of the preparation contains 50 mg of active substance dissolved in a base of polyethylene oxide and other auxiliary substances. The ointment is sold in aluminum tubes of different sizes (from 25 to 100 mg).

Dioxidin 1% solution is available in 10 ml glass ampoules. 1 ml of a transparent, colorless solution contains 10 mg of the active ingredient dissolved in water for injection.

Dioxidine 5 mg for inhalation is produced in ampoules of 10 and 20 ml. In each milliliter of the drug, 5 mg of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide is dissolved in water for injection. Ampoules containing a solution for injection and inhalation are placed in 10 pieces in cardboard packages.

When is Dioxidin prescribed?

In medicine, intravenous administration of the drug is practiced exclusively in a hospital with treatment of severe bacterial infections caused by microorganisms that are insensitive to other antibiotics. Since Dioxidin exhibits a toxic effect, in the course of treatment it is necessary to monitor the patient's condition and regular analyzes of vital signs. Intravenous injections are prescribed for the following conditions:

• sepsis against the background of extensive burns;
• purulent meningitis;
• generalized pyoinflammatory processes.

As a prophylaxis for bacterial infections, intravenous administration of the solution is recommended when carrying out surgery on the heart (coronary artery bypass grafting, vascular prosthetics).

Dioxidine solution (1%) is prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and purulent pleurisy, inflammation of the peritoneum (peritonitis), purulent inflammation (empyema) of the gallbladder. As a prophylaxis, intracavitary injections are prescribed to prevent possible complications arising from bladder catheterization.

Ointment Dioxidin is used in the complex therapy of trophic ulcers, purulent wounds (including osteomyelitis), extensive burns, purulent mastitis, infectious skin lesions (pyoderma), provoked by streptococcal or staphylococcal pathogens.

A solution of 5 mg is used in otolaryngology for the treatment of rhinitis, sinusitis, instilling Dioxidin into the nose, and is also included in the complex treatment of otitis media. Procedures with the use of Dioxidine in the ear are prescribed for the inflammatory process associated with the penetration of bacterial agents into the hearing organs.

Instructions for use

Intravenous injections are done only with the use of a dropper, in a hospital setting and under the supervision of the attending physician. Before the procedure, it is necessary to make tests for the tolerability of the medication. For injections, the Dioxide solution must first be diluted with isotonic sodium chloride solution to a concentration of 0.1 - 0.2%. A single dose of the drug should not exceed 30 mg, the daily dose should not exceed 60 mg.

In the cavity, the Dioxidine solution is injected using a syringe, catheter or drainage tube. Taking into account the size of the purulent cavities, from 10 to 50 ml of solution can be injected per day. If the patient tolerates the infusion well, the drug can be administered once a day for 3 or more weeks. In this case, the maximum daily dose cannot be higher than 70 ml.

External use

For external treatment of superficial purulent wounds, gauze napkins soaked in a solution of Dioxidine (0.5 - 1%) are applied. If the wounds are deep, tampons moistened with 1% Dioxidine solution are placed in the cavity. With osteomyelitis, the course of which is accompanied by the formation of deep purulent wounds on the hands and feet, use baths with a solution or inject the drug into the wound for 15-20 minutes.

Ointment Dioxidin is applied to previously cleaned superficial wounds or burns with a thin layer. Dressings with ointment are changed taking into account the condition of the affected skin (daily or every other day). The duration of the course of treatment depends on the tolerability of the drug and the rate of healing. On average, the ointment form of the medication is used for 2-3 weeks. Repeated courses of treatment are prescribed by the doctor, taking into account the patient's condition.

Dioxidine for children is more often used in the treatment of purulent otitis media and rhinitis. Before instilling the solution, the ear canal is thoroughly cleaned of sulfur discharge or pus with a cotton swab soaked in 3% hydrogen peroxide solution. Then Dioxidine is injected into the ear and at the same time into the nose, since these organs are interconnected by the Eustachian tube. This procedure allows you to sanitize not only the ear canal, but also the nasal cavity, effectively eliminating the inflammatory process.

Instillation in the nose

Instillation of Dioxidine into the nose is used for complicated forms of rhinitis (rhinitis). In pediatrics, the solution is preliminarily diluted to a concentration of 0.1-0.2%. The doctor must select the treatment regimen for children individually. The standard course of treatment involves the introduction of 1-2 drops of the solution into each nostril for 3-5 days. The procedure is done 2-3 times a day.

Dioxidin for adults with sinusitis is administered in a volume of 3 drops to 1/3 of a pipette. The exact dosage of the drug and the frequency of use should be determined by the doctor. Before instillation into the nose, the drug is diluted with sodium chloride solution or water for injection.

Inhalation therapy is used to treat respiratory diseases. For the procedure, 1% medicine is diluted with saline in a ratio of 1: 4, a solution of 0.5% - in a ratio of 1: 2. For one session, it is enough to use 4 ml of the resulting solution, which is added to water for inhalation.

Contraindications

The main contraindications to the use of the drug are the following conditions:

• individual intolerance to the active substance;
• period of pregnancy and lactation;
• adrenal insufficiency;
• children's age (up to 12 years old).

Despite the fact that there are age restrictions in the instructions for the drug, in pediatrics, the drug is still used even in small children strictly according to indications in cases where the therapeutic effect cannot be achieved with the use of other medicines. In the treatment of rhinitis and sinusitis, children are prescribed only a weakly concentrated solution of Dioxidin for instillation into the nose.

Adverse Reactions

In general, Dioxidin is well tolerated by patients. But with intracavitary use and intravenous administration, the following reactions may occur:

• temperature increaseaccompanied by chills;
• headache;
• sudden convulsive muscle contractions;
• dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea);
• allergic reactions (up to anaphylactic shock).

Sometimes the use of the drug causes a photosensitizing effect, accompanied by the appearance of areas of pigmentation on the skin. Treatment with ointment can lead to dermatitis and severe itching in the treated area.

With the appearance of age spots, the duration of a single dose of the drug is increased to 1.5 hours, or the dose is reduced and antihistamines are prescribed in parallel.

Additional recommendations

When the temperature drops to 15 ° C, crystals may precipitate in ampoules with a solution. In this case, before use, they are heated in a water bath until the precipitate is completely dissolved.

In patients with renal insufficiency, it is necessary to reduce the dose of the drug and conduct regular laboratory monitoring of the patient's condition.

Before starting the use of Dioxidine, a study on the tolerability of the drug must be carried out. For this, a small volume (10 ml) of 1% solution is injected into the cavity and the patient's condition is monitored for 3-6 hours. If during this time there are no side effects (chills, fever, dizziness), the drug can be used for a course of treatment.

Analogs

The following medicines are structural analogs of Dioxidine:

• Dioxisept;
• Dichine oxide;
• Urotravenol.

In the list of drugs with another active ingredient that provide a similar therapeutic action of such agents as Monural, Galenofillipt, Nitroxoline, Amizolid, Zenix, Dioxycol, Fosfomycin. The question of the advisability of replacing Dioxidine with analog drugs is entirely within the competence of the attending physician.

The cost of the drug

The price of Dioxidin in the pharmacy network depends on the type of drug and the trade mark of pharmacists:

1. Dioxidin ointment - from 300 rubles;
2. Dioxidine solution 1% - from 350 rubles;
3. Dioxidine solution 0.5% - from 320 rubles.

Feedback on application

Patient reviews about the drug Dioxidin are quite contradictory. Some patients believe that this is a strong remedy that very effectively stops the processes associated with purulent infections. Others - they say that the drug is toxic, and often causes serious adverse reactions. At the same time, most negative opinions are found about the use of injectable forms of the drug, while the local use of the solution and ointment practically does not cause any complaints.

Ointment form of the drug very well disinfects purulent and burn wounds, prevents them further infection and promotes healing without causing irritation and other negative consequences.

Reviews from doctors indicate that the use of Dioxidin in the form of injections is indicated only in severe cases, when the use of other antibacterial agents does not work. At the same time, in the process of treatment, the patient must be constantly monitored, and his condition must be monitored by laboratory methods.

In the instructions for the drug there is no mention of the possibility of using Dioxidine solution in pediatrics. However, in practice, a solution of weak concentration is used in the treatment of purulent rhinitis in children as a very effective remedy. In this case, the doctor must individually select the treatment regimen and this approach is considered quite justified, since it helps to cope with the problem in a short time.

Review number 1

I do not know how justified the use of Dioxidine in children is. I know that this is a very toxic drug, which is prescribed for adults only in extreme cases. It has a very negative effect on the kidneys, and in babies the functions of the adrenal glands are not yet fully formed and what the consequences will be in the future is difficult to say.

At the age of 7, my son was recommended by the doctor to drip Dioxidin solution into the nose in case of complications of rhinitis. But after reading the annotation to the drug, I refused to buy it. Now there are many medicines that are not as dangerous and do not cause such adverse reactions. I think I did the right thing.

Alevtina, Samara

Review number 2

Last year I almost lost my mother, she was in the hospital with purulent meningitis. Everyone knows what a serious condition it is, often leading to death. As far as I know, the drug Dioxidin was included in the treatment regimen, since no other antibiotics helped. And it was this remedy that helped to cope with the infection.

Of course, it is not harmless and difficult to tolerate, but the end justifies the means, besides, other antibiotics are also toxic to the body. This drug was administered under the supervision of doctors, every 2 days blood was taken for analysis in order to notice any negative changes in time. As a result, it was this antibiotic that helped, and my mother left the hospital on her own feet.

Vyacheslav, Moscow

Review number 3

I have a severe stage of varicose veins. My legs are covered with trophic ulcers, I practically cannot move. What a terrible state only those who have encountered such manifestations will understand. The doctors prescribed different medications, but in reality only dressings with Dioxidin solution helped me.

This is a very strong antimicrobial drug that disinfects ulcers and prevents purulent complications. On the damaged areas, she applied gauze napkins, abundantly soaked in solution, and secured it with a bandage. The procedure was done within 2 weeks. The condition improved significantly, the ulcers began to heal, then she treated them with Dioxidin ointment and the healing went even faster. Now I use only this tool, it helps very well.

Veronica, St. Petersburg