Appendicitis in women: the symptoms and signs of acute appendicitis

Appendicitis - an inflammatory disease of the appendage of the cecum (the appendix) - on the occurrence of a leader among the abdominal cavity diseases (5 cases per 1000 population per year). Most often the disease occurs in children. Attack of appendicitis is difficult to predict and prevent, it is crucial to diagnose it in order to avoid complications.

Appendectomy - removal of the appendix - one of the most frequent operations. It was first held in 1888. Today appendectomy significantly improved, developed new approaches to the appendix, which significantly reduces the trauma to the skin and facilitates the rehabilitation period.

Which side is appendicitis?

Appendix - a small pouch, located in women and men on the right side of the abdomen, below the navel. In some people, the appendix may be located atypically. The position of the appendix may affect the state of the gastrointestinal tract.

Localization is dependent on the length of the appendix and mesentery by which it is attached to the walls of the straight and ileum. Since the process is small, then due to a mechanical blockage of the lumen may begin inflammation of its walls. Contributing factors are chronic constipation, vascular disorders, intestinal infections.

Acute appendicitis

In acute appendicitis, an inflammation of the appendix is ​​developed in stages, moving from one stage to another:

1. Catarrh - inflammation of the mucous membrane covers the process of membrane.
2. Surface - the progression of the pathological process leading to damage of the primary character ridge mucosa.
3. Flegmozny - inflammatory process extends to all process layers, including an outer shell.
4. Flegmozno ulcerative - mucous membrane lesion leads to the formation thereon of ulcers.
5. Gangrenous - is characterized by the development of the necrotic process in the walls of the appendix, in some cases, can break its contents into the abdominal cavity, leading to the development of peritonitis. This stage of the disease can be fatal.

With suspected acute appendicitis often refer to people aged 20 to 40 years, less children or elderly people. The acute form of the disease is related to one of the most common surgical problems (more than 85% of cases). Inflamed appendix behaves ambiguously, the disease can be deployed in different ways, to take any scale.

chronic appendix

Patients with chronic inflammation of the appendix found in the practice of medicine is much less common. The chronic form of the disease manifests itself as a consequence of not operated on acute appendicitis. It happens that the inflammation of the appendix acute tolerated without obvious symptoms and pain, moving in a "stable" status. The symptoms of chronic appendicitis are difficult to detect. Once we put such a diagnosis, to carry out emergency operations.

The symptoms of appendicitis in women

Manifested mainly the first symptoms of appendicitis in women with sharp pain in the abdomen. Neutral pathogenesis appears next to consistently develop symptoms: pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, dyspepsia.

For details on each symptom at the onset of appendicitis.

1. Sudden pain in the solar plexus or above the navel - the most typical first symptom of the acute form of appendicitis. During this period, also possible abdominal pain without specific localization. Characterized by pain of varying intensity (strong, weak) and nature (continuous, intermittent). Further notes a shift in focus of pain in the right podvzdohe, ie, in the region of the topographic projection of the appendix. The nature of the pain is constant, moderate intensity, increased by coughing, movement, change of body position in space.
2. Nausea and vomiting. Vomit consist of previously ingested food with bile. Vomit with an empty stomach in the form of a liquid, yellow mucus. Vomiting appendicitis develops as a reflex to the pain is accompanied by loss of appetite, often single.
3. Fever. A frequent companion of appendicitis - fever. Usually it does not rise higher than febrile fever (37,0-38,00S).
4. Dyspepsia. Increasing intoxication disorder accompanied defecation - dyspepsia as loose stools or constipation. Indigestion occurs against the background of frequent urination, the result of the involvement of the urinary bladder in the pathogenesis. Urine color intense, dark.

Other symptoms of appendicitis in adults:

1. Chair: As a rule, the usual. The elderly may experience constipation, and at the location of the appendix in the area of ​​thin loops colon may be diarrhea (diarrhea), because of which the patient can be hospitalized into infectious erroneously office.
2. Sleep: disturbed because of the pain and general discomfort.
3. Appetite: often reduced or absent.

Intrigue appendicitis in women can occur debut with a priority other symptoms, on the back of weak pain response. Besides pain may subside under the action of analgesic drugs, as well as necrosis of the walls of the appendix.

differential diagnosis

The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is exposed on the basis of:

• patient survey data;
• physical examination data;
• laboratory studies of blood (leukocytosis in dynamics);
• Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity of these (US experts believe US uninformative method for determining appendicitis having many diagnostic errors, recommending CT);
• reaction temperature.

To differentiate this pathology is needed from the acute gastroenteritis and pancreatitis, covered perforation of gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer, intestinal dyskinesia, renal colic, pleuropneumonia. When atypical location of the appendix disease is differentiated from gynecologic and urological diseases, cholecystitis.

If in doubt about the diagnosis of recourse to a laparoscopic examination of the appendix. This diagnostic procedure allows accurate diagnosis and its confirmation immediately proceed to laparoscopic appendectomy.

Appendectomy

So far, the only option to get rid of the inflamed appendix in women - a surgical procedure. However, modern medicine replaces the classical intervention more loyal methods - endoscopy and laparoscopy. Main positive aspects of disposal of such methods diseased appendix:

• after the removal of the appendix, the patient almost feels no pain;
• not necessarily a long time lying in the hospital, observing strict bed rest;
• a very small percentage of occurrence of consequences, complications;
• excellent cosmetic result (scars actually not visible).

After performing surgery, the patient usually prescribe medicines (antibiotics) that prevent infections get into the abdominal cavity after excision of the appendix.

The postoperative period

During the first 12 hours from the time of surgery, the patient bed rest, food intake at this time is excluded. Even after 12 hours is allowed to sit up, roll over to the other side. If no nausea, then allowed to drink water with the addition of lemon (small portions, spacing - 2 hours).

If you allow a doctor, then on the second day after surgery, you can get out of bed and walk. To achieve a speedy recovery is possible due to the active motor mode, in addition, it also allows for the prevention of the formation of blood clots in the veins of the legs. The permissible food intake provides all the information the physician. The main manifestations, pointing to the need for food intake, hunger advocates, gases, the appearance of the chair and absence of nausea - all point to the fact that the function of the intestine restored.

Suture removal is carried out after 7-8 days from the date of the transaction. After 1.5-3 months. allowed the possibility of sports (running, sports dancing, swimming, etc.). Heavy exercise allowed 3-6 months. after the operation, in particular the time needed in order to form a dense scar, and formed a hernia at the site of the incision. The required strength in the rumen, which is the basis of connective tissue, there was in the past the deadline, ie 3-6 months. after operation.

What to eat after appendectomy in the first 3 days?

In the first 12 hours after surgery in general can not be there, but basically, appetite, and so no. In good health, after the first day is allowed to drink a little rice broth, chicken broth or low-fat sweet fruit jelly.

The next 2 days are allowed to have include:

• low-fat chicken broth;
• mashed potatoes;
• boiled rice on the water;
• squash or pumpkin puree;
• low-fat, unsweetened yogurt;
• chicken, boiled and pureed.

In this case, the power should be a fraction, the food you need to take small meals 5-6 times a day.

Next 7 days after appendectomy in the diet of women included only fresh products, prepare them only in the form of porridge or very liquid soups. All this is necessary to ease the burden on your stomach and intestines. Preferably there are not as many soups as bouillon, cooked in chicken meat or vegetables. Why a chicken? Because it is the lean meat, besides diet, easy to digest compared to other types of meat.

After surgery, often loss of appetite. When on the second day, the attending physician will be allowed to eat a little - should not give up on a light broth. He will not cause a negative reaction on the part of the digestive tract, and the patient will be able to recuperate.