Chronic tonsillitis: symptoms, photo, treatment. Than to treat adults

Chronic tonsillitis - inflammation localized in the tonsils, who took the form of protracted sluggish. Form disease characterized by periodic recurrences (repeating at certain time intervals in the presence of factors possessing acute episodes of the disease).

If we consider that we are talking about an important organ, which plays a decisive role in the formation of immune and chain physiological types of protection, the importance of diagnosis and effective treatment of disease mechanisms at physicians not doubt. This article is prepared by our specialists based on the papers practicing otolaryngologists.

What it is?

Chronic tonsillitis - a long inflammation and pharyngeal tonsils (from the Latin. tonsollitae - tonsils). develops after undergoing a sore throat and other infectious diseases accompanied by inflammation of the pharynx mucosa (scarlet fever, measles, diphtheria) Or without prior acute disease.

Causes of

Factors that contribute to the development of chronic tonsillitis in adults and children:

• nasal allergy;
• deviated septum;
• reduction of local and general immunity;
• frequent runny nose;
• inflammatory diseases that develop in other upper respiratory tract;
• caries;
• the presence in humans of foci of chronic infection;
• allergic disposition of the body.

Chronic tonsillitis - is an infectious-dependent inflammatory process that develops as a result of activity of pathogenic microorganisms. Normally, the amygdala in the body exist in order to delay the infectious agents and do not let them penetrate more deeply into the respiratory tract. If a reduction in local or systemic protective forces of the organism, the pathogens that Stuck on the tonsils, are beginning to grow and multiply, causing disease progression.

symptoms

Chronic tonsillitis in adults occurs with periods of remission and periods of relapse. With the development of acute angina symptoms develop (acute tonsillitis):

• a sharp increase in body temperature to febrile digits (39-40 degrees);
• intense pain in the throat;
• increased regional lymph nodes;
• tonsillar abscess appears plaque;
• It can also be purulent follicles in the mucous membrane of the tonsils.

During remission, the patient may be the following symptoms of chronic tonsillitis:

• discomfort in the throat;
• sensation of a lump in the throat;
• small pains in the morning;
• halitosis;
• jams on the tonsils;
• small accumulation of pus in the gaps.

Also, in addition to signs of tonsillitis may be the symptoms of opportunistic diseases - chronic pharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis.

With the development of decompensated forms appear such symptoms:

• fatigue;
• general malaise;
• headache;
• long subfebrilitet (temperature kept near 37 degrees).

In addition, the signs can join complications. The most common complication of decompensated form of chronic tonsillitis is peritonsillar abscess.

It begins as a sore throat, but later on the patient can not swallow at all, and open your mouth. There is a pronounced tissue edema of the pharynx. The patient required urgent medical assistance and hospitalization. Provoke an aggravation of chronic tonsillitis may be hypothermia, acute respiratory viral infection, the use of cold drinks or food.

What is chronic tonsillitis: photo

The photo below shows how the disease manifests itself in adults.

Diagnostics

On examination, the doctor performs palpation of lymph nodes and tonsils inspection immediately. But these professionals are not limited to, considering how many complications can be caused by the disease. Also taken fence contents of the lacunae, which are sent for analysis. Taking the material for laboratory research is carried out by applying pressure to the amygdala, of which the pus. If pus have mucous structure and an unpleasant smell, it is likely that there is a form of chronic tonsillitis. But even this analysis can not show the full clinical picture and to accurately determine the diagnosis.

For accurate diagnosis, doctors pay attention to the general condition of the body and the presence of abnormalities. These variations primarily considered thickened edge of the palatine arches and hyperthermia. experts also define scar adhesions between the palatal arches and tonsils.

Tonsils, in chronic tonsillitis are loosened form have scar-modified surface. The gaps of the tonsils has purulent cork or purulent discharge.

Effects

When passing chronic tonsillitis there is a reduction of the immune response of an organism that can affect internal organs. In severe cases, when the symptoms of intoxication appear, develop some complications.

Prolonged infections give rise to complications associated with impaired heart function, kidney disease. Tonsillitis often in advanced stage accompanied by rheumatism, tonzillokardialnym syndrome. Serious damage to health is applied toxins, which are released with angina.

Treatment of chronic tonsillitis

When treating the compensated shape and is carried in the absence of complications of chronic tonsillitis conservative treatment at home using effective drugs. If the patient shows signs of decompensation of chronic tonsillitis and develop complications that may require surgery.

The first is taking steps to strengthen the body's defenses - proper nutrition, reducing bad habits. In the presence of concomitant diseases, which are also sources of DC infection, they must cure:

• mandatory readjustment of the oral cavity - treatment of inflammatory diseases (caries, stomatitis);
• treatment sinusitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis.

Than to treat chronic tonsillitis: a list of drugs

For conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis following drugs used in adults:

1. antibiotics with tonsillitis. This group of drugs is assigned only if there is an exacerbation of chronic forms of tonsillitis, antibiotic treatment is preferably carried out based on the data tank. sowing. Blindly prescribe drugs is not worth it, as this may cause a lack of efficacy and the loss of time, not to mention the side effects and deterioration. Depending on the severity of the inflammatory process in angina doctor may prescribe a short course of most safe and easy means, as during prolonged courses of strong drugs is necessary to supplement the treatment course probiotics. When hidden during chronic tonsillitis treatment antimicrobials not shown, as this gives further microflora of the mouth and digestive tract, as well as provoking inhibition Immunity.
2. Painkillers. When expressed pain syndrome, is the most optimal Ibuprofen or Nurofen, they are used as symptomatic therapy and their use is not advisable with little pain (see. complete list and prices of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the article shots back pain).
3. Probiotics. When assigning aggressive forms of broad spectrum antibiotics and in the presence of accompanying pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract (reflux, colitis, gastritis) Mandatory before taking antibiotics to take probiotics, which are resistant to the action of the first - "Normoflorin", "gastrofarm", "Primadofilus", "Narine", "RelaLife" "Atsipol".
4. Antihistamines. To reduce swelling of the mucosa of the tonsils, posterior pharyngeal wall edema must conduct admission desensebiliziruyuschih drugs, they also contribute to the better absorption of other drugs. From this group of drugs is better to use the latest generation of funds, as they have a prolonged action and do not have a sedative effect, safer and stronger. Among the antihistamines are best - "Feksofast", "Feksadin" "Telfast", "Zodak", "Letizen S", "Zyrtec", "Parlazin", "Tsetrin".
5. Antiseptic topical treatment. An important condition for effective treatment is to rinse the throat, and you can use different solutions as ready sprays and special breed solutions on their own. Most conveniently applied Miramistin (RUB 250), sold as a spray solution was 0.01%, Octenisept (RUB 230-370), which is diluted with water 1/5 and Dioksidin (1% p-p 200 rubles 10 ampoules) 1 amp. diluted in 100 ml of warm water (see. a list of all sprays for throat). Aromatherapy can also have a positive effect if the produce gargling or inhalation of essential oils - lavender, tea tree, eucalyptus, cedar.
6. Antiseptic topical treatment. An important condition for effective therapy is gargling. For this purpose, it can be used as ready-sprays and self-made solutions. Miramistin most convenient to apply the 0,01% solution "Octenisept", "Dioksilin", which is diluted with warm water. Aromatherapy also has a positive impact if gargle and inhalations with essential oils - cedar, eucalyptus, tea tree, lavender.
7. Immunostimulatory therapy. Among the drugs that can be used to stimulate local immunity in the oral cavity, perhaps only Imudon indicated for use, therapy which is 10 days (Table absorbable. 4 / day). Among the means of natural origin for the lifting of immunity can be used Propolis, Pantocrine, ginseng, chamomile.
8. Emollients. Inflammation of throat and of certain medications may occur dry mouth, throat soreness, scratchy, in such cases effectively use sea buckthorn, peach, apricot kernel oil, in the absence of their individual intolerance. In order to get a good soften nasopharynx, it is possible to bury one of the oils in the nose in the morning and in the evening a few drops should tilt the head during the procedure. Another method of mitigating the throat is a 3% hydrogen peroxide, which rinse the throat as long as possible, then rinsed the mouth with warm water.

physiotherapy techniques

Physiotherapy treatment of chronic tonsillitis may effectively influence during remission - is recognized as a very effective laser therapy, due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory action due to a direct effect on tonsils. Also, use short-wave UV radiation throat and oral cavity.

There are methods of ultrasonic impact on tonsils, which act on the very source of the disease, destroying the structure of the resultant curd. Using ultrasound can also irrigate tonsil antiseptic solutions.

Inhalation is an effective means of wet steam. But there is one contraindication - high temperature, so the temperature must first knock down, and only then carry out inhalation. Inhalation can be used with a variety of herbs - chamomile, calendula, etc., chlorhexidine solution, but you can just breathe over the potatoes... You should not take deep breaths inhalation, t. To. In the case of tonsillitis need to impact only on the inflamed tonsils.

tonsillitis treated at home

Consider some of the most interesting recipes for the treatment of tonsillitis in the home, which include honey and its derivatives:

• For intake cook in half the juice of onion and honey. Mix well and drink 1 teaspoon 3 times a day;
• Mix chamomile flowers and oak bark in proportions of 3: 2. Four mixtures tablespoons sugar and 1 liter of hot water and boiled at low heat for 10 minutes. Before turning off add a tablespoon linden flowers. Allow to cool, filter, add to the solution a teaspoon of honey. Mix thoroughly and gargle in the form of heat.
• For lubricating tonsils preparing a mixture consisting of 1/3 fresh juice of aloe leaves and 2/3 natural honey. The mixture was gently mixed and stored in a refrigerator. Before use, the drug composition need to warm up to 38-40 degrees Celsius. A wooden or plastic spatula neat composition is applied to patients tonsil 1-2 times a day for at least 2 hours before eating. Treatment was repeated daily for two weeks. Then, the procedure is done in a day.

operative therapy

Such treatment is generally carried out at identifying decompensated chronic tonsillitis and in the absence of a positive effect of repeatedly conducted conservative treatment.

Tonsillectomy may be complete or partial. At full tonsillectomy performed a total excision of the infected tonsils. Partial tonsillectomy can reduce the size of enlarged tonsils, but now this operation is rarely done because of the high risk of disease recurrence. The rare species of surgical treatment are galvanokaustika and diathermy.

Among the new forms of treatment of tonsillitis include laser lakunotomiya, tonsillectomy surgery is performed with the use of a surgical laser. Possible to carry out this treatment using surgical ultrasound.

Gaining popularity cryosurgery - freezing with liquid nitrogen tonsils. Its use is justified with a slight increase in the size of the tonsils.

prevention

Prevention of exacerbations of chronic tonsillitis:

1. Compliance with the rules of hygiene homes and work premises.
2. Eliminating dust content, gas content.
3. Obschegigienicheskih event.
4. Hardening.
5. Balanced diet.
6. Remedial measures: identification and treatment of diseases of the gums and teeth, sinusitis, otitis, disorders nasal breathing.

It should be noted that even the implementation of all of the above does not guarantee elimination of relapses.