Pediculosis: treatment at home. Than to treat head lice

Pediculosis - human ectoparasitic disease caused by various species of lice. Depending on the type of pathogen and the place of its parasitism distinguish the head, pubic lice, and drawers. Regardless of the form of pediculosis is accompanied by strong skin itching, scratching with areas soak and crusts, pyoderma.

Pediculosis is diagnosed based on visual inspection of the scalp, clothing, body parts, pubic area of ​​videodermatoskopii. Lice treatment involves shaving or shortening the hair, holding the treatment of lesions insecticide, disinfection of underwear and bed linen.

What it is?

Pediculosis - a parasitic disease of the skin and its derivatives - hair. In humans can parasitize head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis), body louse (Pediculus humanus corporis), and pubic louse (Phtyrus pubis). Accordingly, the distinguished head pediculosis, Hanging and pubic.

It may also occur mixed pediculosis, when present infestation mixed type (eg., Simultaneous infestation head and body lice). Lice feed on the host's blood, and eggs (nits) are glued to the hair (body louse lays eggs in the folds of clothing, rarely sticks to the hair on the human body).

It is interesting

Some facts about lice:

1. The period of the parasite life - up to 40 days, full gestation period - 15 days.
2. The adult per day lays eggs to 4 (body louse - 20).
3. Outside the human body the parasite is killed per day, eggs can survive for more than a week.
4. Infection occurs through direct contact with an infected person, as well as general household items (Often lice outbreaks in kindergartens and schools is caused by a set of data factors).
5. In Russia, fixed annually to 300 cases per 100,000 population, 20% of the patients - teenagers.
6. Caucasians are more susceptible to lice. The spread of lice does not depend on the level of the country's life, however, Hanging view often manifested in poor countries with lower sanitary standards.

How do you get head lice?

The cause of head lice - it hit the parasite in the human body hair on the head and in the groin and in the folds of clothing. Louse begins to actively feed on the blood of the affected person, the females lay eggs and attach them to the hair. This process can be infinite without treatment and eliminate the cause of the disease.

• Insect transmission contribute crowds. Lice are more likely to sit on the clean scalp, because in such circumstances it is easier to get food and reproduce.
• Pick up the infection can be in a barber shop, swimming pool, hospital, bath or subway. Even in conventional elevator of an apartment house.
• Promote the spread of head lice epidemic, war, hunger, when heavy observe cleanliness.

If you examine the list set out, it is clear that the causes of the lice are of social nature. Pediculosis comes in contact with an infected, a group of people, in the absence of personal hygiene.

The duration of the latent period of development of lice is 1-1.5 months. This time is enough to make the female managed to postpone a large number of eggs. Later, from the nits appear tiny larvae, which together with adult insects begin to actively feed. At this point, the symptoms of head lice occur. They, like the common cold or chicken pox, a lot.

Key features

Symptoms caused by the activities of lice:

• allocating exudate;
• redness at the bite;
• Night unbearable itching;
• allergic rash;
• stains gray-blue hue;
• constant scratching;
• irritability;
• insomnia;
• ulcers on the skin after the entry of microorganisms in the wound from the bites;
• mats - bound together by purulent discharge sections of hair;
• thickening of the skin;
• pigmentation in the skin of brown color;
• hair loss.

Symptoms of lice, photos

Known three types of parasites which cause pediculosis (see. Photo). Each of them triggers the development of these diseases:

1. Pediculosis corporis. It affects the fate of the skin under clothing on the shoulders, back, underarms, neck and abdomen, lower back and groin. In place bites rashes arise small type mosquito bites with a dark spot in the middle. As the elements of cyanosis occurs, pigmentation, often due to scratching join pustular lesions.
2. Head lice. Manifested by intense itching in the head, due to which the patient is constantly scratching his head. On examination of the scalp revealed patches of skin lesions on the site of the bite with a bright yellow "honey" crusts and also signs of folliculitis - an inflammation of the hair follicle, ekzemopodobnye skin lesion on his head, at the temples and ears. In patients with head lice when viewed head on the hair can be found nits - eggs laid by insects. They may be full, whitish or yellowish, crush between the nails they click. Empty nits appear gray. Lymphadenitis can be detected in the ears and neck. With long-term neglect and lice formed mats of hair, matted and glued purulent wounds.
3. Pubic lice. If pubic lice bothering minor skin itching bites occur on the ground round or oval patches of gray-blue color up to 1 centimeter. When pressed on the spot, they abruptly fade. Ploschitsy have low mobility, they can be detected in the hair root.

Diagnosis and treatment holds a dermatologist. The basis of the diagnosis - the typical complaints of itching and scratching on the head, body and pubic skin. First of all, inspect the head, body and groin. On the head detect nits and scratches in the site of the bite. In other cases, the typical clinical data. Head lice can be combed over a sheet of white paper, for the rest of diagnosis - Clinical.

How to treat head lice at home?

If lice are found, treatment should be started as soon as possible.

• Firstly, it will allow to avoid the spread of disease among contact persons
• secondly, to avoid unpleasant complications
• in the third - to save the child from the unpleasant symptoms.

There are several areas of lice, which in most cases have to be combined. Despite the diversity of modern medicines against lice do not always drug treatment chemicals It leads to the destruction of the parasite, since the latter are able to develop resistance to the active ingredients of drugs.

Preparations with lice: shampoos, ointments, creams

There are three types of chemical substances with an effective action against head lice:

1. Benzyl benzoate. The drug is based on it: Foksilon Lotion
2. Malathion - one of the drugs based on it - Pedilin
3. Phenothrin - one of the preparations on its basis Parazidoz (Itaks shampoo)
4. Combined preparation (Malathion Permethrin + + Piperonyl butoxide) - Pair Plus spray about 400 rubles.
5. Permethrin - the preparations on its basis: Medifoks gel pediculicides, Medifoks concentrate for the preparation of emulsions of 5%, Nittifor, Higiya shampoo Nix cream.

Any cure for head lice in a child, the active ingredient of which is one of the three mentioned above are available without prescription.

Even the most expensive shampoo from head lice in children is ineffective, if not to adhere to the instructions. Some children experience an allergic reaction during treatment with insecticides, so the first application or if the child has allergies, you need to be very careful.

Drugs do not protect against re-infection, and after treatment should be carried out preventive measures, warning lice.

Combing and mechanical removal

How to get rid of lice in a child without the use of drugs? You can resort to combing, which requires time and patience. It is necessary to carry out combing procedure within two weeks to get rid of parasites of different life cycles - not only from living individuals, but also on larvae and nits. What do I need?

1. Hair conditioner. Is applied after normal shampooing abundant layer. Together with the residues conditioner combed out lice. Important to know: the simultaneous use of air conditioners and therapeutic drugs for lice for children past will be less effective. Air Conditioning coats the hair, the scalp, as well as the existing larvae and live animals with a protective film, so the chemicals would not be able to neutralize parasites sufficiently.
2. Crest. It is better to buy a special comb for lice. There are two types of ridges - mechanical and electrical. Feature mechanical comb - thick, long teeth, blunted ends. Laser notches on the teeth pierce nits tightly seated on the hair and removed with ease. Electronic combs are easy to use, have some feature detection of living parasites and exposure to electrical pulses.

Louse need carefully examining each section, every four days under the scheme: 1, 5, 9, 13 day. If the child is too thin hair, combing is difficult and not so effective.

combined method

This is the most effective method. It provides initial chemical treatment of an effective remedy for lice. Next, the combing and manual selection.

Doctors recommend using a combined method for treating head lice. And pediatricians know how to cure illness.

Dangerous and ineffective traditional methods

There are also many popular recipes to get rid of lice. Typically, they are less effective compared with pharmacy means and not necessarily less toxic.

1. dichlorvos;
2. 50% soap + 50% kerosene, and the resulting concentrated solution is diluted with water before application to the hair of 1:10 (100 ml per 1 l of water);
3. 50% sunflower oil + 50% kerosene;
4. Cranberry juice (effective against nits, since its acidic medium it dissolves the upper shell eggs);
5. WD-40 liquid (a mixture of kerosene and machine oil);
6. A dust soap (not applicable to 60s because of the extreme DDT harm to humans and the environment);
7. Vinegar (a 9% vinegar diluted with water twice to obtain the acid concentration of 4.5%);
8. Tar soap (effective due to the high concentration of alkali);
9. Essential oils (tea tree, lavender) - applied to the hair a few drops are not for treatment but for prevention of lice infestation, for example, uncontaminated family members.

It should be remembered about the shortcomings of folk remedies:

1. Vinegar, dry hair, and the concentrated solution can cause severe burns;
2. Kerosene and kerosinosoderzhaschie means flammable, poorly washed off, spoil the pubic hair (they become sticky and dirty in appearance), hamper their combing;
3. "Dichlorvos" and similar tools are very toxic. You can get poisoned.

Furthermore, the use of such means is associated with inconveniences: in the hair should wear a plastic bag, wrap the head with a towel and keep as such for a long time.

Lice prevention measures

Prevention of the disease is based on the specific recommendations:

1. Teach girls always follow the hairstyle. Leaving home, recommend plait braids. In crowded areas lice can crawl from an infected person to the child's head.
2. Instill a culture of behavior of the child at birth. Each family member must have a personal hygiene items (towel, comb, etc.). Explain that the headdress worn only his. None of the children should not be given.
3. Baby clothes, it is recommended to wash bedding at temperatures above 60 degrees. Dry clothes better in the sun for 2-3 days.
4. For the prevention of oil it is recommended to use insect repellent - rosemary, tea tree, lemon balm, thyme.
5. After the trip (in the resort, vacation camp) carefully examine the head to the detection of lice. In case of a take immediate measures and secure the family members from possible contamination.

It is important to find lice, to prevent its spread. The child should be from contact with other people to isolate. Be sure to tell the teacher, the teacher of the detected lice. You need to check the other guys.