In the absence of proper treatment of proctitis and can cover the area of adipose tissue. In this case, the disease will be of a local character that is called paraproctitis. Experts do not have accurate information about the extent and the level of disease prevalence. It is known that most of them suffer the patients of different age category and gender.
The causes of disease
The main group of causes that lead to the development of proctitis:
- intestinal infections;
- syphilis;
- appearance of parasitic diseases;
- the appearance of non-specific inflammation;
- the presence of various disorders in the rectum;
- eating foods with a low content of nutrients;
- gonorrheal proctitis - while the disease in women, bacterial cells penetrate into the rectum from the vagina;
- appearance tuberculosis - bacterial cells fall into the rectum with the blood flow, as well as through the wound, while a person has ulcers and fistulas.
In addition, the development of proctitis provoke some diseases:
- presence of cancer tumors in the rectum;
- long-term radiation exposure and effects of toxic substances;
- the presence of autoimmune diseases;
- disease localized in the digestive tract - is hepatitis, as well as cirrhosis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, gastritis development, peptic ulcer, dysbiosis;
- diseases of the circulatory system - development hemorrhoids, Varicose Veins, as well as thrombophlebitis, Cardiac and venous insufficiency.
Classification
Such disease, proctitis like may be diagnosed in a different form. Differences between the species is due to their formation. The shape of this pathological process is acute or chronic. Consider what subspecies is acute proctitis:
- Stagnant - in the risk zone are people who have chronic constipation and congestion in the pelvic organs.
- Alimentary - formation is associated with malnutrition and drinking.
- Surface - a pathological process that defeats only the surface layer of mucous.
- Catarrhal - characterized by the presence of hemorrhage that affected mucosa.
- Erosive - formed by erosion, affecting the intestinal wall. Hemorrhagic - the reason of formation - hemorrhoids.
- Radiation - the result of radiation treatment used to remove tumors in the pelvic organs.
- Infection - its formation is influenced by bacteria trapped in the body. In view of these types of viruses doctor can diagnose the disease gonorrhea, gonococcal, chlamydial and herpes origin. As a rule, the presence of virus in the body - it is a direct threat to the development of purulent processes. As a result, the patient is diagnosed - purulent proctitis, which is characterized by the formation of purulent plaque deposited on the walls of the rectum.
Chronic proctitis may have the following classification:
- Atrophic - the result of thinning of the rectal mucosa.
- Post-radiation - a type of radiation proctitis, only for it occurs in the chronic form.
- Hypertrophic - characterized by thickening of the bowel wall, so it has a rather loose.
Symptoms of acute proctitis
Typically, signs of acute forms occur immediately or within a few hours after exposure to the damaging factor (exception - tumors).
Adult patients concerned about two main symptoms of proctitis:
- Violation of the act of defecation - the patient constantly "pulling the toilet" (false desires). Chair, because increased frequency of defecation becomes slimy in nature, can be released only mucus (small amount) from the blood. Perhaps the development of constipation, because of the psychological block - the patient is afraid to go to the toilet, as it provokes increased pain.
- Pain - low and medium intensity having pulling character that is capable amplified at the time of defecation. Quite often, the patient can not specify the precise location of pain, because the pain can be given in the lower back or lower abdomen. But with the active survey it appears that the exact location of the pain is the area of the anus or the sacrum. Discomfort persists throughout the day and begin to bother the patient, lead him to a state of increased irritability. Slightly relieve pain can be combined using the receive ( "Spazmalgon", "Baralgin") or antiinflammatory ( "nimesulide", "Ibuprofen", "Ketorolac") medications.
- Signs of acute proctitis may be supplemented by reduced appetite, transient rise in temperature (not more 37,6oS), abdominal discomfort (due motility disorders).
Symptoms of chronic proctitis alternate with periods of remission. The main criterion for a diagnosis - the disease for more than 6 months. The clinical picture of disease without exacerbation period in most cases is limited to periodic discomfort in the rectal area. Since the cause of chronic proctitis is often the presence of other diseases, the symptoms in the first place reflects the disease that caused the problem.
Diagnostics
In order to properly diagnose proctitis, you need to pass a comprehensive examination. You need to start the procedure with the usual examination of perinatal and anal area.
In the presence of acute proctitis or during acute exacerbation of chronic forms of pathology such alterations are present:
- anal wall is painted in deep red color. In some cases, the cracks are determined visually by the naked eye;
- may be present fistulous opening channels. They represent a small protrusion of skin that are painful to palpation and isolating blood or pus;
- redness in perinatal region (around the anus).
Ukrovotochaschee anus allows damage to suspect the presence of acute proctitis. In the long proctitis in adult patients is often observed the appearance of hemorrhoidal nodules that have a dark color. On examination, they may be within the rectum or protrude from the body cavity.
How to treat proctitis?
Usually proctitis treatment is administered at home. But in severe forms of inflammation of the patient is recommended to be treated in hospital: firstly, it allows the patient to follow a diet, secondly, help to give up bad habits and lead a healthy lifestyle, thirdly, it provides an effective treatment for the control of specialists.
In the treatment of adult proctitis may appoint the following drugs:
- Antiallergic agents - relax the rectal wall.
- Antispasmodic (No-spa) - to relieve pain, eliminate the spasm, facilitate defecation.
- Antibacterial and antiviral, depending on the results of bacteriological research (metronidazole, chloramphenicol, penicillins, macrolides, etc.).
- Hormonal agents (dexamethasone, hydrocortisone) - are appointed for certain types of proctitis.
- Tools to improve the regeneration of tissues (candles with metiluratsilom, sea buckthorn oil) - to help restore the mucous membrane, improve metabolism, relieve symptoms of inflammation.
As additional measures recommended by the cleansing enemas (for a bowel movement), enema with medicinal solutions, herbs (chamomile, calendula, colloid silver). Local antiseptic possess hip baths with potassium permanganate.
chronic forms of treatment
Since chronic proctitis - a disease caused by pathological processes in the body, in its treatment of all the efforts are directed to the treatment of the underlying disease. In the period of remission is carried out a number of activities designed to support the immune system and reduce inflammation.
- Mud treatment.
- Balneotherapy.
- Massage.
- Physiotherapy.
- Radon baths.
- Spa treatment.
If the cause was autoimmune disease, treatment involves hormone therapy. For infections, sexually transmitted infections, antibiotic therapy is conducted in conjunction with the reception of anti-inflammatory agents. When parasitic diseases are appointed antiparasitic drugs, and surgery is carried out in the presence of complications.
Surgery
In some cases, surgery is indicated. Resort to it when complications: in cases where proctitis pass into paraproctitis, ie the inflammatory process extends to the fatty tissue.
Surgical intervention is performed by narrowing the lumen of the rectum, tumors arise, in ulcerative colitis. By resorting to surgical methods and if the inflammation for a long time, it is impossible to eliminate the medication.
Folk remedies
When inflammation of the rectum are proven tools in the arsenal of traditional medicine:
- Sitz baths - half a glass of herb horsetail pour a liter of boiling water, infuse for ten minutes, strain and pour into the tub. Take thirty minutes.
- Microclysters of tablespoon three percent solution of boric acid and calendula tablespoon infusion. The procedure is done before bedtime every day.
- The use of a decoction of calendula two tablespoons three times a day. For its preparation flowers two table spoons pour boiling water and heated for fifteen minutes in a water bath. It may be carried out by means of data microclysters dilution teaspoon infusion into quarters water glass.
Diet for proctitis
In the period of acute proctitis sparing the patient give food for chemical and mechanical characteristics: low-fat rather weak fish and meat broths, fish and meat steam in chopped form, white crackers, jelly, low-fat grated cheese, grated porridge. Completely eliminated whole milk and those foods that are poorly tolerated by patients. With the improvement of health physician expands the diet, although even in the period of remission from the daily diet continue to exclude products, irritating the mucous membrane of the intestine - pickles, spices, alcoholic beverages.
It is recommended to split meals (6-7 times a day), in small portions, without overloading the intestine much food. Well before breakfast drink (fasting) glass lukewarm water, in which the two parts are added. l. honey and the juice squeezed lemon slices. This will clean the intestines and stomach of accumulated night toxins and mucus, improve nutrition and gastric intestinal blood, intensify digestion. Based diet in proctitis mucous soups are oat or rice-based, that possess shielding property and protect the mucosa from irritation and impact pathogenic microflora.
Of fat is better to use vegetable (corn oil and olive oil). When protracted course proctitis patients prescribed course reception mineral water - ARZNI, Druskininkai Truskavec, Borjomi, Yessentuki.
prevention
Proctitis Primary prevention includes following a healthy diet rational. We strongly recommend against alcohol abuse, as well as fried and spicy food, a variety of spices and herbs. No less important to strictly observe hygiene genital and anal area. When intercourse necessary to use means of barrier contraception. At the first sign of inflammatory diseases in the pelvic area as the need to consult a doctor as soon as possible.
If the competent therapy was performed and achieved remission, prevent further relapse also help correct personal hygiene and a healthy lifestyle in general. Persons with an increased risk of developing the disease in question is necessary to monitor the work of the intestine and chair, as well as the state of the genitourinary system.
