Miscellaneous

Osteoarthritis of the knee joint of 2 degrees, treatment and symptoms

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In gonarthrosis observed knee joint disease that may be accompanied by the growth of bone tissue and the formation of its cystic irritations.

This disease has three stages of development, but the most common is considered gonarthrosis of the knee joint of 2 degrees, as it was during its presence people are turning to doctors. The first stage is almost always occurs with mild symptoms, most of them simply ignore.

Today we can safely say that arthrosis - a scourge of society, so as soon as the disease were exposed mainly elderly people, now suffering even youth. Young gonarthrosis are most often a consequence of joint trauma.

Causes of

Normally our joints operate smoothly and quietly during various movements - because have elastic cartilage, which are constantly washed special "grease" (synovial fluid).

In gonarthrosis cartilage breaks down and can not fully perform its damping function. The pathology progresses very slowly and for a long time does not bother humans, so the first degree curable disease often goes unnoticed.

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Immediately gonarthrosis 2 degrees (first bypass) may occur after serious injury. Also, if the patient ignores the causes of the 1st degree - they are also the causes of grade 2 disease:

  • trauma (damage to meniscus, knee sprains, fractures of the tibia);
  • Excessively load;
  • excess weight;
  • an unhealthy diet and lifestyle;
  • Joint inflammation (arthritis).

Home gonartroza cause 2 degree - ignore the first symptoms of the disease and later access to a doctor (Rheumatologist) at the stage of severe joint damage, which causes severe pain and prevent normal move.

symptoms

In gonarthrosis grade 2 symptoms are already expressed much brighter, but still are not critical:

  1. Regular pain in the knee joint, but they have not yet become chronic. They already appear well-read in the morning, but not everyone. Also within fifteen minutes of the discomfort disappears. At this stage the long walks or intensive physical exercise also felt unpleasant sensation of pain.
  2. Most often, pain occurs under heavy load on the affected joint, for this reason, many people try to avoid it by reducing the load on it. This is fundamentally wrong as a consequence can be death of the muscles around the joint.
  3. Also in the affected knee may appear dull aching pain that occurs on days with low atmospheric pressure. Physicians such dependence can not explain exactly, calling such a patient meteodependent. It is believed that by lowering the pressure in the environment, the fluid pressure in the joint, on the contrary, increased. It is this increase and causes pain.
  4. Gonarthrosis 2 degrees at the knee characteristic crunch. And with the development of the disease it is amplified.
  5. There is one more symptom of gonarthrosis of the second degree, which becomes visible when the doctor X-ray. The knee joint is a narrowing of the space, and the growths formed on the bone surface - osteophytes. In the picture they stand tubercles.

At this stage of the disease appear already a certain degree of deformation of the articular cartilage. Therefore, it is often stunned by the limb is bent and unbent has not fully, bringing pain.

How to treat?

Correction of lifestyle - one of the most important conditions for effective treatment. In gonarthrosis 2 degrees must adhere to the following rules:

  1. Diet. In this disease, it is recommended to reduce the intake of foods containing animal proteins (eggs, meat, fish, whole milk), carbohydrates (cakes, sweets) and any foods and drinks containing synthetic flavors, sweeteners, preservatives.
  2. Reducing the load on the affected joint. For this purpose, orthopedic canes, which allows to distribute the load when driving so that the knee was involved is minimal. It is important to choose a cane for growth - it should be long from the wrist to the floor when you are standing.
  3. Weight loss. Obesity - a risk factor that increases the likelihood of violations of metabolic processes in all tissues, including - the tissues of the joints. In addition, being overweight - it is an extra stress on the joints.

medication

The first step is anesthesia and the relief of the inflammatory response. Pain promotes local muscle spasm. As a result, the vessels are compressed, suffering, and without eating disorders in the joint. Sam muscle spasm, thus causing pain.

List of major drugs prescribed for the treatment of gonarthrosis of the knee joint of 2 degrees:

  1. The main traditional drugs medicine are NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs group). They have a good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Used in the form of tablets, capsules, injections. Unfortunately, their side effect is an adverse effect on the mucous membranes of the stomach and duodenum. Therefore it is necessary to apply in parallel with them gastroprotective drugs. With extreme caution should be approached to receive them with already existing gastritis, peptic ulcer gastrointestinal tract disease.
  2. NSAIDs COX-2. This group also has anti-inflammatory effect. But it does not have such an aggressive action on the gastrointestinal mucosa. Unlike NSAIDs they can be used for a long time.
  3. Chondroprotectors. They stimulate the synthesis of cartilage, contain the basis for its structure. The downside is their high cost and the need for long-term application to produce the effect. Effective use of their intra-recognized.
  4. Antifermental drugs. They are able to block the action of enzymes that destroy articular tissues.
  5. Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. They have a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. But it does not apply more than a week due to adverse events. It is recommended for severe pain and inflammation. They are used inside, in the form of injection intramuscularly, intravenously and intra-articularly.
  6. Antispasmodics. They rent increased because of the pain local tone in the joint.
  7. Local treatment of inflammatory and warming creams, ointments, rubbing. They are designed to provide analgesic, anti-inflammatory, activating blood circulation in the joint action.
  8. Hyaluronic acid. Preparations with it have been used recently for the treatment of joints. It is an integral ingredient of cartilage. The introduction of it into the joint is shown after the relief of inflammatory manifestations.

In periods of exacerbations is gonartroza must-do exercises, together with the pre-selected by the attending physician the most appropriate physical therapy exercises. Classes must be daily, short duration of time corresponding to the intensity and exertion. It is best to do them 2 times a day for 15-20 minutes.

Surgical intervention

Despite the fact that the surgical treatment of gonarthrosis shown often to the third degree, it can be carried out on the second. Indications in this case will be:

  • prolonged severe pain that can not be exposed to drug;
  • extensive destruction of cartilage;
  • meniscus injury and others.

The most effective method is operational arthroplasty. Mobility in the joint after his replacement is saved, and the prosthesis can serve up to 20 years, after which it must be replaced. After the surgery, the patient requires a long rehabilitation period.

In some cases, use and such surgical techniques, as arthroscopy, arthrodesis, osteotomy.

Diet and Nutrition rules

When articular pathologies follow these guidelines when drawing up the menu:

  • eat jelly, jelly, jellied fish, and other dishes with gelatin;
  • less salt. The usual stuff and replace the crystal sea of ​​iodized salt;
  • must be on the table fresh / cooked vegetables, fresh herbs from the garden, eggs, legumes, cereals, bran;
  • useful low-fat dairy products, sea fish, boiled beef (a little), chicken, rabbit meat;
  • recommended herbal teas, mineral water without gas, green tea, vegetables, fruit juices;
  • vegetable oils useful refractory animal fats;
  • impair the health of the joints and body salted, smoked, spicy dishes and foods, sweet drinks. Not only are the benefits of fatty meats and fish, bacon, canned, prepared food, buns, dishes bags, formulations with preservatives, dyes;
  • the day it is important to drink up to two liters of clean water. Dehydration negatively affects the quality of the cartilage tissue.

Restore cartilage tissue is possible only with an integrated approach to therapy. One of the elements - the correct power with an optimal ratio of components. It is important to reduce body weight to certain indicators meet the age and size of the patient. Excessive pressure on the affected joint slows the healing process.

Folk remedies

folk remedies Treatment includes both receiving various broths, infusions and tinctures inside, and applying the local treatment of herbs and other natural resources. Here are a few recipes that have proven themselves:

  1. Compress with bischofite (available at pharmacies). Gauze smeared bischofite, superimposed on the joint. Put her rubber sheet or polyethylene and bintuya. Make a poultice, 2 times a day.
  2. Take a hot bath with sea salt (or immersing the feet so that the knee was warm). Then takes a cabbage leaf, greased with honey and applied to the joint area. Top compress bandage (elastic bandage is better to take). Do so at night, in the morning just change the sheet without steaming. The effect is good, but does not occur immediately.
  3. Compress the bile health. Is the same as in the case of bischofite.

The above methods are not suitable in the case of active inflammation with effusion into the joint.

prevention

To prevent the occurrence of osteoarthritis, as well as to prevent its development in the early stages, simple preventive rules should be followed:

  • avoid overloading the knee joint;
  • time to treat disorders caused;
  • provide sufficient motor activity;
  • observe the correct diet and diet;
  • to combat overweight.

Healthy lifestyle and moderate exercise will provide the knee (and other) joints health and youth for many years.

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