In the event that one of the foot joints (subtalar, talo-calcaneal-scaphoid, calcaneocuboid or Wedge-scaphoid) implemented inflammation in articular junction is substantially increased the volume of synovial liquid. She begins to squeeze the synovium, and that, in turn, due to the large number of nerve endings, begins almost instantly respond to an inflammatory response.
Causes of
The reasons are divided into primary, which have arisen due to direct damage to the joint, and secondary - from complications related somatic disorders. The primary causes of arthritis of the foot include:
- trauma;
- anatomical foot deformities, can serve as an example such diseases as flat;
- a weakened immune system;
- heavy physical work;
- pregnancy;
- hypothermia.
The last four reasons are not the only driving force, the occurrence of arthritis. But the factors aggravating him for contributing to the development of complications. Secondary causes arthritis of the foot:
- Infection. There may be a specific (tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea), in which the characteristic damage microorganisms joints and nonspecific (Streptococcus pneumoniae) is the emergence purulent arthritis.
- Rheumatoid arthritis. This type is caused by an autoimmune nature. This disease is very difficult to treat, because it tends to recur. Fight with the body's own cartilage tissue it can be triggered by the presence of the patient flat-valgus feet, excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, excess nicotine.
- Psoriatic lesions. One of the stages of this chronic disease manifestations is psoriatic arthritis, affects the joints of the hands and the small joints of the foot.
- Gouty arthritis capable cause metabolic disorder, because of which an excess of uric acid salts settles in the glenoid cavity of the big toe. The disease is characterized by sudden and sharp attacks of pain that block movement and paralyze the habitual way of life of the affected person.
Many factors can be avoided by properly treating their health and leading a healthy lifestyle. Timely treatment to the doctor can prevent development of the disease.
Symptoms of arthritis foot
Typically, patients treated in the clinic after onset of arthritis step 2, when the disease begins to affect the quality of life. In this case the foot arthritis symptoms can be divided into two main groups of specific and non-specific (see. Photo).
Specific features peculiar to the disease such as arthritis of the joints of the foot:
- stiffness in the morning;
- inflammatory process - one of the characteristics of the foot arthritis
- severe pain in the foot;
- stop valgus change;
- multiple lesions (in infectious nature of the disease);
- rash and redness.
Non-specific symptoms characteristic of a number of disparate states, including arthritis, and:
- violation of joint functions;
- specific, crisp sound when driving;
- severe pain;
- swelling and redness;
- general intoxication: fatigue, chills, fever, lack of appetite.
What is arthritis of the foot: photo
The photo below shows how the disease manifests itself in adults.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of arthritis in most cases is not difficult - typical external signs are evident, and the patient's complaints do not cause any doubts on the matter.
It is much more difficult to identify the cause of arthritis of the foot and the degree of movement disorders. On the severity of inflammation can be indirectly measured by the number of leucocytes and change in the conventional general blood analysis. In this regard, more informative and Revmoproby blood test C-reactive protein.
The degree of severity of motor disorders say specific functional tests. Among the instrumental methods used computer and magnetic resonance tomography. However, X-rays of the foot in 3 projections are still effective. Mandatory diagnosis of internal organs (heart, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys).
How to treat arthritis of the foot?
For each type of arthritis of the foot using specific treatment regimens to combat inflammation catalysts. However, there is a standard course of therapy of this disease, including:
- Non-steroidal drugs. The ankle joint is subject to constant increase in load. Therefore, inflammation is immediately reflected on the patient's mobility: swollen leg and the slightest movement can cause severe twinge.
- Antibiotics. Acute arthritis begins suddenly, usually with a sharp rise in body temperature. Patient throws in fever, there is a strong fatigue, and there is pain. Relieve pain with the help of available funds is virtually impossible. In the acute form of pathology is most amenable to treatment. To start a course of antibiotics prescribed.
- Especially painful heel is arthritis. Arthritis in the heel there are shooting pains, which can give the whole leg. Arthritis heel may appear as a result of flat feet. To remove the swelling and swelling prescribe drugs NSAIDs group. The course of therapy is from 7 to 10 days.
- If after completion of the patient painful to step on the foot, is additionally used corticosteroids. Relief comes after 2-3 injections.
- Specific drugs. post-traumatic arthritis of the ankle joint treatment may require medications to appoint a course for recovery of damaged muscles and tendons.
- Gout requires prescribing facilitate withdrawal of uric acid.
- Ointments with rheumatoid arthritis have a local anesthetic effect. Ointment gently heats the tissue and help reduce swelling. Carefully use the ointment. Ointment only relieves symptoms, but does not eliminate the cause of inflammation.
- Rheumatoid arthritis top of the foot and small joints requires the use of drugs blocking the immune system.
- Chondroprotectors used as reparative therapy. Hondroprotektory particularly effective in the early stages of disease development.
When pronounced symptoms may need medication blockade. Blockade brings pain relief after the first injection, with the proviso skilled conductive administering physician.
Additional measures of therapy
In the acute phase of the disease may be imposed gypsum tires. Supporting disease treatments are:
- physiotherapy;
- special exercises;
- massage;
- mud therapy;
- Amplipuls therapy;
- magnetic therapy;
- hirudotherapy used in the case of metabolic disorders.
- wearing special shoes also gives satisfactory results.
In the advanced stages of arthritis may need surgery: arthroplasty or a total joint replacement. If substantial deformation thumb desirable to carry out resection.
In the acute phase of the disease is necessary to reduce the maximum load on the damaged joint, and superimpose the fixing bandage, to avoid an increase in inflamed area.
LFK
diseases of the joints of the foot treatment is impossible without performing a complex exercise. This item is a prerequisite for any therapeutic scheme arthritis. For the treatment of joints stop range is selected individually.
However, there are a few universal exercises that can be performed without exception:
- Is performed lying on your back with arms outstretched and legs. Then you must lift his legs and try to pull the weight socks fingers much as possible. After that lower the leg back, and only then stop pulling them.
- Sit on a hill, for example, on the table. Lower the legs down and pulling socks, trying to reach them to the floor.
- Flexion and extension of the toes.
- Lie on the floor, but to one side. Taps outstretched leg to the side and return back.
Training need to start is in remission of the disease, so as not to provoke the strengthening of inflammation. The first time it is best to train under the supervision of a doctor, the doctor saw that the patient performs the exercises correctly.
Folk remedies
Recipes of traditional medicine for the treatment of arthritis of the foot has accumulated a lot, but any of them can only be seen as a useful addition to the main treatment, a doctor's appointment.
- Approximately 100 ml of juice of one lemon mixed with 50 ml of hot water, to moisten the multilayer gauze and attach to the joint on the night, fixing wrap with cling film and put on top of it a woolen sock;
- Mix equal parts frayed radish, turnip and horseradish leaves and rub the affected area with the resulting mixture. Repeat the procedure for 7 days.
- On warmed in a warm bath joint apply the mixture with several drops of essential oil of Abies warm sea salt ream wrap gauze, and the film also Insulate toe.
- Measure out 100 g of finely chopped cinquefoil, pour 1 liter of vodka and leave to infuse for two weeks. Take the resulting mixture one tablespoon, carefully diluted with a little water. In addition, the liquid may be applied as a compress to the damaged arthritic joints. After the infusion is over, take a break of 30 days before the next course.
- Cabbage poultice. Washed cabbage leaf notch to separate juice wrap painful, inflamed region, pribintuyte. Change cabbage hour later (or earlier), when the juice is absorbed, the leaf is dry, warm. Harmless, proven tool.
The prognosis depends on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the correctness of the chosen course of treatment. If you can early treatment, the overall prognosis is favorable. If the joints are severely inflamed and developed severe deformation of the feet, then the treatment will have a very painful, can not lead to the desired effect - there is a risk of lameness, gait disturbances, and even disability.
