The main difference between this pathology of asthma is the lack of asthma attacks. But, despite this, a form of bronchitis is regarded as a modern pulmonology predastmy. Typically suffer from asthmatic bronchitis children preschool and primary school pupils, has a history of other allergic diseases.
What it is?
Asthmatic bronchitis - a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory infectious or allergic etiology with pronounced hypersecretion, edema and bronchospasm of large and medium-sized sizes.
Causes of
Most often, allergic bronchitis provoke a variety of allergens, as well as fungal, viral and bacterial infection, penetrating into the respiratory system and digestive tract.
- in asthma symptoms in children can be a consequence of adverse reaction to vaccination;
- asthma be able to dust mites, pollens, animal waste products, food and various chemical components;
- Equally important is a genetic predisposition to the development of allergic diseases;
- Moreover, asthmatic diseases can cause staphylococci, which usually inhabit the trachea and bronchi. Very often asthmatic bronchitis character may appear as a result of viral infection. In this case, necessarily it assigned a specific antibiotic.
the disease peaks in the spring and summer, when there is abundant flowering, and the patient is in contact with the pollen.
shape
Experts identify two forms of the disease:
- infectious-allergic;
- atopic.
The first option - it is when the body reacts to infection as an allergen. The second purely allergic origin. Uncommon case - mixed forms of the disease. But repetitive acute periods and long-lasting nature of their occurrence are similar to symptoms of chronic bronchitis.
symptoms
Asthmatic bronchitis has relapsing course with periods of relapse and remission.
The first symptoms of asthmatic bronchitis in acute phase of the following:
- cough attack kashlyapristupy provoked exercise, laugh or cry
- cough can precede nasal congestion, rhinitis seromucous,
- sore throat,
- slight indisposition,
- subfebrile body temperature.
During the day dry cough is usually replaced by damp.
Acute cough is often accompanied by:
- Shortness of breath,
- expiratory dyspnea,
- forced, whistling, noisy exhalation,
- expectoration, followed by a patient's condition improved.
Symptoms of bronchitis with an asthmatic component persistently repeated. Thus infectious pathology characterized by an elimination effect, which consists in stopping coughing in the absence of allergen. This is observed in change of residence, change of diet, the change of seasons.
Diagnostics
When the first symptoms should immediately contact a competent medical professional. During the personal examination, the doctor must pay attention to personal and family history of the patient. Also are diagnosed using the following laboratory and instrumental analyzes:
- general and biochemical blood analysis;
- Sputum sampling for bacterial inoculation;
- Blood testing for the presence of the allergen;
- X-rays of light.
If the diagnosis is confirmed asthmatic bronchitis, treatment should begin immediately.
How to treat asthmatic bronchitis?
Effective treatment for asthmatic bronchitis requires an individual approach to each patient. In adults and children, therapy should be complex and time-consuming:
- treatment is based on an identified allergen desensitization. This helps to reduce or eliminate symptoms of the disease due to the correction of the immune system. In the treatment of man is introduced allergen injection with a gradually increasing doses. Thus there is an adaptation of immunity to the constant presence in the organism, and it ceases to give it a violent reaction. The dose is adjusted to the maximum tolerated, and then, for at least 2 years continued maintenance therapy with intermittent administration of allergen. Specific desensitization is an effective treatment to help prevent the development of asthma in asthmatic bronchitis.
- Possible to perform non-specific desensitization. For this patient is administered hystoglobulin injection. This method is based on sensitivity to the allergen, as such, and not to its specific form.
- Perhaps the appointment of bronchodilators in the complex therapy: Ketotifen, Atrovent, Kromosol, Neo-Teoferdin, Bronhomunal, Salbutamol, Fenoteril, terbutaline and others.
- The disease requires receiving antihistamines. These means could be: Suprastin, ketotifen, Tavegil, diphenhydramine, Diazolin.
- Is shown receiving expectorants, including: Bronholitin bromhexine, Pertussin, Mukaltin.
- When the effect of combination therapy is not available, the patient is prescribed a short course of glucocorticoids on the basis of: beclomethasone, flunisolide, fluticasone dipropionate, budesonide.
- If the detected bronchial infection, it is shown receiving antimicrobials depending on the sensitivity of mycobacteria.
Auxiliary therapeutic methods are the use of neybulayzernoy treatment with chlorine-sodium and alkaline inhalations, physiotherapy (UVR, drug elekroforez, percussion massage), you can do gymnastics, health swimming.
Prediction and prevention
Basically, the forecast of experts to recover a positive, but in 28-30% disease transformed into asthma.
To prevent exacerbation, try to avoid contact with the allergen, carry out regular cleaning of house and walk a special course to reduce the sensitivity to the allergen.
In order to improve the general condition is recommended to harden, do gymnastics, aerial and gidroprotsedury. Observation pulmonologist and allergist will also be superfluous.
