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Than to treat ringworm in humans: treatment, symptoms, photo, prevention

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Ringworm is a highly contagious (infectious) infectious disease of the skin, hair or nails caused by pathogenic fungi. The infection can be caused by two types of fungi - Trichophyton and Microsporum. The correct designation of the disease based on the name of the calling fungus, so physicians isolated trichophytosis and mikrosporiya.

Both these forms of fungal infection (trichophytosis and mikrosporiya) are combined under the general term ringworm. Thus, also called ringworm trichophytosis, mikrosporiya, tinea, ringworm or dermatophytosis. Trichophyton fungus microbes are parasitic only on human skin, and Microsporum - affect both man and animals. Ringworm is most contagious for children 4 - 13 years.

The article deals with ringworm, the causative agent of the disease the symptoms, ways of infection, as well as measures of prevention in the table.

What it is?

Ringworm in humans - is a contagious skin disease caused by two species of pathogenic fungi - trihofiton and mikrosporum. Therefore, the common term for ringworm is the name

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mikrosporiya, Trihofitia, ringworm, tinea. Fungi mikrosporum equally affect humans and animals, while Trichophyton parasitize only on human skin.

Causes of

The fungus Trichophyton tonsurans was first identified many decades ago. Its name is directly linked to its ability to affect hair. Fungi, parasites in humans are the cause of chronic superficial and ringworm. A form zoofilnye cause infiltrative-suppurative skin lesions.

  1. Contribute to the emergence of chronic diseases and depriving beriberi.
  2. Infection occurs after contact with the sick person or the object of his care, while working with hay and soil, after contact with animals.
  3. Most often the disease occurs due to lower immunity and violation of rules of personal hygiene, with long-term care for the animals, and damage to the outer body cover (scratches, abrasions, burns).

On what ringworm in children and adult has the signs and symptoms, tell on.

Classification

There are two types of ringworm in humans:

  1. Surface. Transmitted only from person to person, most often affects young children. There are acute and chronic course of this kind of disease.
  2. Infiltrative-suppurative. Caused by parasites that live on the body of animals. The main risk group - agricultural workers, as well as children playing with stray animals.

It's interesting - common questions about trihofitii

Question Answer
Is Ringworm Contagious? Yes, ringworm is infectious and highly contagious disease.
Ringworm itches or not? The disease causes itching, and in some cases it can be delivered to the patient expressed concern.
Can ringworm go untreated? Possibility of independent organism to get rid of ringworm exists, but it is negligible. Science knows several cases where the disease is without any medical intervention, however, these are isolated phenomena. Most often, an infection causing inflammation once begins to spread in the future. If the disease is developed in infancy and has not been subjected to therapy, it will persist until adulthood.
What if I got sick ringworm during pregnancy? Do not panic if the infection developed during gestation, because neither the child nor the woman data mycotic organisms are not able to have a pronounced effect. Upon infection should consult a doctor and undergo treatment recommended by them. During pregnancy, not to prescribe oral medications to get rid of the infection will be sufficient to use the ointments, which prescribe a doctor.
Can ringworm develop again? The disease can develop again if there was a new fact of infection, or treatment was not brought to an end. Body is unable to generate immunity against the fungus ringworm.
Can I wash with ringworm? The disease is not a contraindication to the implementation of the hygiene procedures. During illness it is best not to take a bath and shower.

The incubation period of the disease

incubation period a fungal infection, which causes ringworm occurrence, is between a few days to 6 - 8 weeks, depending on the type of agent taken into the body.

Surface versicolor can manifest the first symptoms within 5-7 days after infection. Infiltrative-suppurative zoster in a few months does not make any clinical manifestations. The first symptoms appear not earlier than 6-8 weeks after the pathogen enters the body.

symptoms

What is ringworm in the initial stage, how to recognize it in time and prevent the loss of hair? Unfortunately, the first signs of the disease a person may not immediately notice. Any portion of the scalp of the head begins to lose its vegetation. Filaments gradually thinning, fall and break, changing their length to 1 - 2 mm. On the problem of peeling of the skin attached. As the progress of the disease focus becomes clear outline.

Symptoms of ringworm (see. photo) appear more prominently on the chest, back, upper and lower extremities. A person can ignore such deviations as:

  • burning and itching spots;
  • redness and swelling of the skin;
  • framing the whole hearth roll;
  • blistering hearth followed expiry of content and form scabs.

In the case of lesions trichophytosis nail plate to become brittle, dull. Their structure coarsens and thickens. Subsequently nails crumble and change their color. Dents on the plates, the grooves and dirty gray color is a characteristic feature stripping.

In addition to the centers of ringworm on the head the problem areas may occur in the body. The disease is manifested rash, the elements of which are similar to the red spots round shape. Since keratin is powered fungus taken from the upper epidermal layers, the skin gradually acquire the contours of elements of the ring. "Eating" keratin in one area, parasitic microorganisms are moving on. That is why the plaques grow in diameter and change the boundaries of its edges.

Cluster dermatophytes leads to the formation of a bright kaomki. Its scaly and blistering of talk about increased fungal activity in this area. Sometimes parasites back into the center of the ring and then use it as a power source. But this is only possible in the recovery of stocks of keratin. The so-called "ring in the ring" is a clear indication of increased activity dermatophytes.

Chronic ringworm

It can be localized on the scalp, the nails of the hands or on the smooth skin. On the head of the lesions are localized, for the most part, at the temples and nape. The hearth is small (less than 0.5 cm) smooth scar-like atrophic which is slightly shelled, but no signs of inflammatory reactions. In place of the hearth hair break off at the root, forming a spot which is called a black dot.

Chronic ringworm on the smooth skin is most often localized on the buttocks, thighs, on bending the knees and elbows or hands. In this case, the lesion appears as a bluish or pinkish spot quite large with a vague outline. stains moderately scaly surface.

Typically, lesions are characterized by only a gentle itch, other subjective symptoms are absent. Nails affected by ringworm, become dull, dull, gray, outer edge acquires a notch and is painted easily. The nail may drastically become very thick or, on the contrary, thin.

What is ringworm: photo

The photo shows how the disease is manifested in humans and initial running stage.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is based on a visual examination of the patient, as well as the collection of medical history and a survey on the possible source of infection. In case of doubt, the doctor performs a scraping from the affected area.

The collected materials are examined under a microscope or placed in a growth medium for three days, during which there is a rapid growth of the fungus colonies. Upon detection of threads of mycelium and spores of a fungal pathogen produced his identification.

Treating ringworm in humans

In the treatment of ringworm in humans is based therapeutics to fight the fungus that caused ringworm. Therapy at home combines local treatment with ointments from denying - antifungal creams, sprays, shampoos with taking antifungal drugs inside.

The treatment regimen assigned dermatologist main aspects are as follows:

  1. Ringworm smooth skin is more amenable to terbinafine and tolnaftate.
  2. For the treatment in the morning depriving typically use a 5% iodine solution. In the evening, usually assigned sulfur or sulfur-salicylic ointment dyagternaya also possible to process pure salicylic acid 3%.
  3. A dermatologist can prescription for manufacturing a prescription pharmacy department jelly Vidal - alcohol, camphor, salicylic acid, lotion with sulfur, boric acid, glycerol. Or pastes Lassara - petrolatum, starch, salicylic acid, zinc oxide.
  4. For topical treatment, the doctor may recommend a variety of ointments, creams, shampoos containing clotrimazole, ketoconazole, mikoseptin, Terbinafine, Mikokonazol. (Local antifungal agents - creams, sprays, gels).

For systemic treatment of dermatomycosis Griseofulvin is used, it is natural antimycotics, which has a narrow spectrum of action, namely, active against fungi dermatomitsetami, Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epydermophyton, Achorionum.

  1. The treatment is necessarily accompanied by ingestion of griseofulvin. It should be taken within 15-25 days, and 1 times a week to take bacterioscopic scraping on the detection of fungus. Once the fungus is detected, receiving griseofulvin continue through the day, for the same dose, which calculated the doctor for a further 14 days to avoid relapse.
  2. If the fungus struck the feet, they are recommended to undergo treatment ketoconazole or clotrimazole orally and topically apply selenium sulfide.

For the treatment of chronic ringworm except antifungal agents, both local and oral (Griseofulvin) also shows a vitamin, immunomodulators, drugs, strengthening vessels and improving microcirculation.

Hygiene measures are in contact with the patient

If you or your child touch a sick animal or communicated with a sick person, then it is necessary to take urgent measures.

  1. The sooner you wash away with the skin particles containing the fungus, the less likely to be infected.
  2. Several times wash your hands with soap and antifungal properties. The most simple means, which is in almost every shop - this cinnamon soap, preferably the soap with birch tar.
  3. Wash with soap so the whole body. Suddenly the patient's skin particles come under clothing. It is not necessary in this case to use hard sponge. It leaves the skin micro-scratches, which easily penetrates into the fungus.
  4. To wash it is necessary to use an antifungal shampoo. For example, Nizoral. You can also use it as a shower gel.
  5. Modern means with potent antifungal effect is Tsiteal. Dissolve it in a small container five times. You will have a foaming liquid, which can be used for washing hands and body.
  6. Antifungal effect have lavender oil, tea tree oil and turpentine. They can be used for the treatment of small areas of the skin.

Just five days after exposure, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist. He examines the body with the help of Wood's lamp. If you are still infected, the disease will be identified at an early stage. It will quickly cure it at home and not go to the hospital.

preventive measures

Prevention includes the observance of rules of personal hygiene and isolation of sick animals or humans.

In place of the identification of the patient provide a thorough disinfection, bedding and accessories, soft toys, carpets subjected to heat treatment. Sick child is not allowed in the children's group to complete cure ringworm. Patients banned from swimming pools, saunas, baths. Be suspended from official duties kindergarten teachers, nurses, employees of public services, bathhouse.

Dangerous to humans if ringworm? The most serious consequences are presented persistent alopecia areata due to scarring of skin tissues. Treat the disease should be as soon as it begins the clinic to prevent contamination of the inner circle and reduce the risk of developing a severe allergic reaction.

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