Rosacea on the face: the symptoms, photo, treatment. How to Treat Rosacea

Rosacea is a chronic and not fully studied dermatological disease that characteristically affects people with pale skin, blue eyes and usually begins in middle age. Holders of darker skin tones may also suffer from rosacea, but the signs of the disease in this case are not as catchy. The disorder is always accompanied by redness, sometimes with small papules (or dimples) that may become pimples. Often confused with acne.

However, acne is not irrelevant to the disease, although in some cases can be observed similar symptoms in the form of redness and skin lesions. The main feature of rosacea skin is the lack of black or whiteheads. Patients feel uncomfortable with the visual manifestations of the disease. Affected, as a rule, is the central area of ​​the face. Despite the fact that the disease is a chronic, sometimes possible periods of temporary attenuation of symptoms, in other cases, deterioration may occur.

What it is?

Rosacea - a chronic skin disorders infectious nature, which predominantly affects patients of mature age. The inflammatory process is a gradual increase in symptoms, frequent flushing of the skin, telangiectasia (Persistent expansion of fine blood vessels), persistuiruyuschey erythema, the formation of papules, pustules and, in rare cases - nodes.

Causes of

Today causes rosacea until the end and have not been studied, but there are several theories that claim that the development of this disease important role played by genetic factors, disorders of the immune adequate protection, endocrine and gastrointestinal disease.

1. Psychic theory of disease development. A sufficiently long period of time it was believed that one of the fundamental causes of rosacea on the face They are a variety of mental disorders, but this fact has not been confirmed by numerous enough research. The only connection of rosacea with mental illness is to develop severe mental states against the background of severe forms of rosacea. Usually this manifests emotional lability, depressed mood and depression.
2. Hereditary developmental theory. Most scientists flatly deny the genetic factor in the development of rosacea. However, despite this, conducted in the United States related investigations showed that more than 40% of patients with rosacea, the disease occurs in the closest relatives. In addition, the corresponding honey. literature has repeatedly been described in familial cases of the disease lesion.
3. The theory of the role of ticks in the development of disease. Some scientists attribute the appearance of rosacea with exposure Demodex mites of the genus. This theory is supported by the detection of mites in the test materials, combined with problem skin. However, due to the fact that not all patients have these larvae of mites, the final confirmation of this theory has not yet been received. If you find mites rosacea, demodicosis is diagnosed rozatseapodobny.
4. Role of digestive system diseases. In this, as well as in the hereditary theory, too, a lot of enemies, but thanks to the numerous Research and observations in 35% of patients with rosacea symptoms of intestinal diseases were found beaten and nearly 90% patients - signs of gastritis.
5. The theory of the influence of external factors. In recent years, persistently exaggerated theory that consumption of alcoholic beverages, coffee and spices, due to the negative impact on the gastric mucosa, leads to reflex vasodilatation in face. However, studies have shown that increased facial blood vessels does not develop after drinking the above products, but because ingestion of, more precisely in the stomach, heated over 60 ° C liquid. However, despite this, patients with rosacea is recommended to exclude from your diet citrus fruits, spicy foods, alcoholic beverages and coffee.
6. infectious theory. Because rosacea on the facial skin integument observed the emergence pustular rash, a role in the development of this disease is withdrawn infectious factors, or to be more precise, bacteria. Infectious theory is confirmed by the fact that in the case of antibiotics there is a significant decrease in the manifestations of rosacea. In spite of this, in the content of purulent rash and did not recognize any bacteria or viruses that can cause the development of the disease.

Typically, the disease occurs in females, while the males it occurs more rapidly with primary development of serious complications. Usually pink acne occurs in people light skin age from 39 to 55 years of age (elderly persons and children, rosacea affects extremely rare).

symptoms

Rosacea symptoms (see. photo) are typical, they almost can not be confused with symptoms of other diseases.

Thus, the main symptoms of rosacea on the face of it:

1. Pink rash that appears on the background of redness. First it papules (pink bumps), which are then converted into pimples purulent contents (pustules, blackheads). This stage is called papules, pustular.
2. Steady red center of the face (in the valence band T). Ie redness grabs the nose, cheeks, chin and nose. Sometimes the redness can be more extensive, exciting the chest and back of the patient. These symptoms are typical for the erythematous stage.
3. Speech on the skin of the vascular wall in red (telangiectasia) throughout the affected area, the occurrence of red and bluish nodules are typical for the erythematous-papular stage of the disease.
4. Eye redness, tearing or feeling of dryness. the patient may also experience pain in the eyes, as if a foreign body has got into them. After studying the symptoms of rosacea, the disease, researchers have created a number of different, rather complicated classification stages and forms. The above stages are assigned to one of the most common classifications of disease.
5. Dense, korkoobraznaya facial skin redness in places. Red and thick skin on the nose. Due to the hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands and connective tissue, the nose may increase significantly in size, it appeared lumpy nodes separated by grooves. This is the most severe, nodular stage of rosacea, which is also called rinoformoy. Most often diagnosed in men 50-60 years of age.

Clinically, there are several forms of rosacea:

1. Erythematous-teleangiektaticheskaya. Erythema is persistent in nature (kept for several days). On the skin of the cheeks appear multiple telangiectasias.
2. Fimatoznaya (or papular-nodosum). This form is characterized by the appearance of nodes and plaques. It marked increase in the size of lesions and their subsequent fusion. Fibrosis and hyperplasia of sebaceous glands leads to an increase of the skin ( "Fima").
3. Papules, pustular. Against the background of erythema occurred there are groups of small papules with thin scales on the surface. They are located at the beginning of the nose and the skin of nasolabial folds, then apply to the skin of the forehead and chin. Part papules eventually transformed into pustules filled with sterile contents. Often develop skin infiltration and edema.
4. Eye. It includes blepharitis, conjunctival infection, conjunctivitis, keratitis, iritis, chalazion and others. Patients may disturb photophobia, blurred vision, itching, watery eyes, dry eye, foreign body sensation, and others. Eye symptoms can be detected in 50% of patients with cutaneous forms of rosacea. Detailed specification of eye symptoms and patient awareness about this form of rosacea help timely consult an ophthalmologist.

Rosacea is most often seen in women older than 30 years, except fimatoznoy form, which is more common among men. Often affects fair-skinned Caucasians. People with darker skin recognize rosacea can be difficult.

What is rosacea: photo

The photo below shows how the disease manifests itself in adults.

Diagnostics

This skin disease is diagnosed through examination of the patient's skin covers. To examine in detail the affected area can be used videodermatoskop.

If it is suspected of being infected by subcutaneous mite, Demodex, make the analysis of skin scraping. In the presence of purulent lesions doctor prescribes bakposev content acne. It may also be recommended to pass urine and blood samples, make an ultrasound examination of internal organs.

complications

Possible complications of rosacea:

• abscess formation;
• secondary infection;
• pineal nose (rhinophyma) or thickening of the skin on other areas of the face;
• damage and inflammation of the cornea, decrease in visual acuity;
• psychological problems, neurological disorders (such as depression, insomnia, irritability, fatigue).

How to treat rosacea?

First of all, doctors' efforts should be directed at relief of symptoms. In order to prevent its development, is appointed pathogenetic therapy, and to prevent recurrence - etiotropic treatment.

It is understood that rosacea is - it is a serious disease, and not a simple skin inflammation or a cosmetic defect, so do not look for a cure.

In the appointment of treatment takes into account the causes of the disease. It is carried out in the complex, and a combination of drugs selected depending on the form and stage of the disease, considering the individual characteristics of the patient.

Preparations for the treatment of rosacea on the face

Such treatment of rosacea on his face with drugs is the use of ointments and creams containing an antibacterial component (Metrogil, Rozamet, Rozeks), ichthyol, naftalan oil. In the initial stages well help lotion with a solution of boric acid and mash, which are prepared in pharmacies by prescription.

The most popular drugs with local action are:

• Cream of rosacea on the face Ovante. Natural preparation containing plant extracts and microencapsulated crystalline sulfur. The drug is completely safe, ensures a pronounced cosmetic effect and can be used for a long time without harm to health.
• Skinoren - gel. Contains azelaic acid, which has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effect, has drying effect on the lesions. The drug has virtually no contraindications, it can be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The gel is applied on clean skin 2-3 times a day, a stable positive result can only be achieved with regular use of the drug.
• Hormonal preparations for external use. These tools provide a quick positive effect, but they should be used in short courses. They must appoint a doctor, the treatment takes place under its control. Many experts doubt the feasibility of hormonal ointments as well as a positive result their short-term use, and after the cancellation of a rapid return of symptoms in more severe form. In addition, there is a risk of transition rosacea steroid in shape, it is difficult to treat.

Also in the treatment of rosacea well proven drugs of tetracycline group of antibiotics (oxytetracycline, minocycline, tetracycline hydrochloride). High efficiency in the fight against rosacea Metronidazole shows, he copes with many species of bacteria and destroys subcutaneous mite. In addition, Metronidazole has anti-edema effect and beneficial effect on the recovery of the mucosa of the stomach and intestines.

prescribe antihistamines to eliminate the severe itching and irritation (Tavegil, Suprastin, Claritin). When the appearance of spider veins discharged Ascorutinum vitamin complex, reinforcing the vessel walls. To soothe the nervous system is recommended motherwort or valerian, in severe cases, prescribe anti-depressants.

physiotherapy

Treatment for rosacea can be complemented by the following physiotherapeutic procedures:

1. Electrocoagulation. lesion portion is exposed to the electric current flowing through a thin electrode. This method allows you to remove the papules, pustules and telangiectasia, but can leave burns on healthy skin.
2. Cryotherapy. It can be applied at any stage of the disease. lesion portion is exposed to low temperatures, using liquid nitrogen. This technique allows to reduce the appearance of telangiectasia and improves skin appearance.
3. Laser therapy. At a portion telangiectases directed laser beam which causes the thermal effect on blood vessel and destroys it. This procedure allows to eliminate telangiectasias for a longer time and is not accompanied by the defeat of healthy tissue as in the electrocoagulation.
4. Rotary massage. Lots defeat massaged in circular pumping movements twice a day. This method makes it possible to improve lymph drainage and reduces swelling of tissues.

Complication rosacea abscesses and fistulas patient may recommend surgery, aimed at excising lesions and drainage installation for better drainage of purulent discharge. After the patient perform such interventions are assigned ligation with the use of antibiotics and other anti-inflammatory agents and disinfectants.

Rosacea Treatment folk remedies

For the treatment of rosacea using the following herbs and plants:

1. The succession. To prepare 1 part herb used per 30 parts water. Moistened with a cloth applied on the face for 30 minutes.
2. Chamomile. When using infusion rosacea pink flowers (prepared in a ratio of 1:15). After cooking, the solution performs the same procedure as Calendula.
3. Calendula. You can use ready-calendula tincture bought at the pharmacy. 50 ml of the tincture is diluted in a beaker of cold water. The resulting solution is impregnated towel or folded in several layers of cheesecloth. having wrung a little gauze is applied to the face for 3 hours. The procedure is performed once a day.
4. Cranberry. At home, you can treat rosacea cranberry juice fruit. The greatest efficiency have wet-drying dressings. For this folded into 10 layers of gauze impregnated with cranberry juice, is then applied to the face, the top covering layer of cotton wool. Fix a bandage bandage, and leave it for 30-60 minutes. If you are using cranberries for the first time, the juice should be diluted with water at a ratio of 1: 3. If the skin has responded well, you can gradually increase the concentration and move on undiluted cranberry juice.

Traditional methods of treatment of rosacea often give a good cosmetic effect. Treatment and skin care at Rosacea is better to start with lotions. This may be used teas, juices and plant extracts. One of the most important conditions for effective treatment - all solutions should be refrigerated!

Cosmetics

What cosmetics to use? Here are the basic rules:

• With the defeat of the eyelids and eyes, wipe them with a decoction of herbs.
• Clean the face of cosmetic milk gently removes impurities from the skin.
• When eruptions on the head, use medicated shampoo, make a mask to reduce inflammation.
• Use oil to soften the skin. In the olive oil, add a few drops of tea tree oil, St. John's wort.
• Buy high-quality care products for the skin of the famous cosmetic companies.
• Rash, red spots, ulcers, orange peel banned masking creams. Clogged pores even more inflammation intensify. Manifestations of rosacea under a layer of powder or foundation look even more repulsive.
• Use a light day and night cream for oily skin. Pick medical cream, consult your dermatologist if you have selected suitable means. Apply a thin layer of cream.

Diet and nutrition

It is mandatory for the treatment of rosacea face includes diet food:

• you need to exclude alcohol, hot strong tea and coffee.
• in severe cases, can be administered on the testimony of fasting.
• excludes all precipitating factors - sharp, salty, smoked, canned food. At the time of treatment should refrain from sweets and some fruit (pears, grapes, citrus).

recommended:

• herbs and vegetables;
• cereals and milk products;
• lean meat and fish, preferably steamed;
• boiled potatoes and eggs;
• breadcrumbs or stale bread.

prevention

To prevent a recurrence of the disease the patient should observe the following rules:

• avoid excessive emotional and physical stress;
• abandon the solarium, beaches with no shelter from the sun and saunas;
• to avoid taking too hot or cold food;
• a diet that excludes eating spicy, salty, spicy food;
• refuse from alcohol;
• use sunscreen;
• periodically visit cosmetology and dermatology;
• use only high-quality cosmetics;
• constantly clean the skin by means of a doctor recommended;
• time to treat diseases of the internal organs;
• taking hormonal agents only on doctor's advice;
• not to self.