Chickenpox in adults: Symptoms, Picture, Treatment. Than to treat chickenpox

Chickenpox or "windmill" - is an acute viral disease that is transmitted by airborne droplets and has pronounced symptoms. Transferred once the disease is usually in childhood, however, many people pass this fate.

Despite the fact that this fact seems pleasant, sick with chickenpox is most likely still have. And it is worth saying that in adulthood, the disease and carrying heavy and brings more inconvenience both because of the appearance, and because of that has to hurt the house, because the disease contagious.

All of these factors for some time knock an adult from the usual working rhythm, which is undoubtedly very frustrating.

How do you get?

Cause of morbidity chickenpox is infected by a virus Varicella Zoster (HSV-3, or herpes simplex virus type 3). The incubation period, which lasts for 2 weeks, the symptoms of chickenpox in adults can not be observed.

Doctors noticed that the older the patient, the more time that passes before the onset of overt signs of pathology. For example, the body temperature of an infected person can be raised after 3 weeks from contact with a carrier.

How is chickenpox virus Varicella Zoster? Doctors are three ways of transmission:

1. Airborne (through saliva, during sneezing).
2. Haptic (close contact, kissing).
3. Close contact with a person suffering from herpes zoster.

In the healthy organism pathogen penetrates through the epithelial tissue of the respiratory tract, then moves to the regional lymph nodes. The virus enters the bloodstream along with the lymph and causes intoxication syndrome. Externally, the disease manifests itself on the skin and mucous membranes in the form of blisters.

Re-infection with chickenpox is possible with HIV, post-chemotherapy and organ transplantation. The immune system in these patients is poor, so relapses occur many diseases.

The incubation period for chickenpox in adults

This period of time is characterized by the absence of any symptoms, and was last from the moment of infection until the first signs of intoxication.

The classic clinical development suggests that the incubation period lasts about 2 Time, however, the older a person becomes, the more time passes from the infection until the first symptoms. An adult is considered normal if the temperature rises three weeks after contact with an infected person.

Symptoms and signs of

According to statistics, in adults after 18 years, the severity of the disease and the frequency of complications after suffering chicken pox is the same that the 20 year old man that the 50 year old. However, the older population because of possible violations of the immunity and existing chronic diseases recorded more cases of complications of this disease.

What are the symptoms and signs of chickenpox in adults? Chickenpox begins (see. photo) as colds, flu, with general intoxication:

1. Pain in the muscles and joints
2. A slight rise in temperature to subfebrile 37,3-37,5S
3. generalized weakness
4. Headache

As soon as there are pink spots on the scalp and face - begins a period of eruption:

1. Increasing signs of intoxication, high temperature up to 40 ° C, chills, weakness and so on.
2. Profuse rash all over the body creates a strong itching, even in the mucous of the upper respiratory tract and in the mouth formed enantemy. In humans, after 20 years of age must appear rashes on the genitals, which is accompanied by severe pain when urinating. Since the beginning there is a spot, then a bottle of liquid and a depressed center. If the crust perezhzhena alcohol dye or stripped, left a scar. The bubbles then burst, releasing the liquid and subsequently dried up to form a crust which, when processing a regular hereinafter leaves no trace. At penetration into the wound during a secondary infection of the disease is complicated, there mockney pustules which leave scars after healing of the body.
3. The patient has swollen lymph nodes - BTE, inguinal, submandibular and axillary, they become painful on palpation.
4. Rashes undulating course, which extends about 10 days.
5. If the patient has a very weakened immune systems, it can trigger the development of rashes fasciitis, abscesses and even sepsis.

Sometimes the adult chicken pox begins with signs of cerebral edema, disorders of the nervous system, as well as primary varicella pneumonia or encephalitis, then adding the following symptoms:

1. Nausea, vomiting
2. Irritation from harsh sounds and bright light - phonophobia, photophobia
3. Disturbed coordination of movements, convulsions, general muscular weakness.

Form and stage of the disease

The disease occurs both with obvious symptoms, and without. Dermatologists emit several characteristic forms varicella:

light	rash scant, satisfactory condition, the secondary rash no enantemy absent.
Srednetyazholaya	marked intoxication, weakness, headaches. There are repeated eruptions, period - up to five days. Apparent specific rash, found enantemy. The temperature reaches 39 degrees.
severe	pronounced intoxication, high temperature (up to 40 degrees). Numerous bubbles cover the entire body, including the scalp and genitals. High risk of internal organ damage. Often complicates the picture of pyogenic infection.

Hidden or atypical form has several varieties. All of them are dangerous severe complications:

generalized	observed in patients receiving chemotherapy, people with impaired immunity. Suffer internal organs, the nervous system is affected brain develops chickenpox, pneumonia;
hemorrhagic	responds poorly to treatment, the prognosis of a weakened immune system is extremely poor;
gangrenous	characterized by the addition of a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, severe poisoning organism, necrosis of individual parts of the skin, poor health.

It looks like chicken pox, photos

The first days of chicken pox in adults is no different from the flu. On the third day, the patient has a characteristic rash. It has several characteristics that distinguish it from other diseases, the photo below:

Chickenpox during pregnancy

If a woman's pregnancy at the time of conscious planning no immunity to the pathogen of chickenpox, she will recommend to pass the appropriate vaccinations. Infection during pregnancy is dangerous to the fetus about 20 weeks. In this period the virus causes fetal death that ends in miscarriage or stillbirth. It is also possible the development of serious defects, which result in disability unborn child.

In the later stages of viral effect on the organism of both mother and fetus is weakened, reaching the second peak immediately prior to childbirth. Infection with chickenpox in late pregnancy is fraught with the development of pneumonia, which can also lead to death of the child. In such cases, a special therapy immunoglobulins and specific antibodies.

Lack of immunity to chickenpox is generally not an indication for termination of pregnancy.

How to treat chickenpox in adults?

Comprehensive treatment of chickenpox in adults include antiviral therapy and symptomatic measures in difficult cases shown in infectious hospital room. To avoid negative consequences, you must strictly comply with medical advice, how to treat chickenpox in adults in the home:

1. Limit any kinds of loads. The high temperature and the appearance of neurological symptoms necessarily require bed rest.
2. Isolate the patient on the whole "infectious" period, since the susceptibility to chickenpox in people without specific immunity is 100%.
3. Sticking to a low-carb diet with normal protein diet: unsweetened dairy products, vegetables, fruit.
4. To maintain the purity of the skin. It recommended daily shower a comfortable temperature, no washcloths, steaming and rubbing. Wet body gently with a soft towel to get wet, so as not to damage the crust.
5. Increase fluid intake to priority - berry fruit drinks.
6. Conduct antiviral therapy. Drugs Acyclovir, Viroleks, Pantsiklovir and others block the replication of the virus, stop the growth of lesions, prevent the generalization of infection and complications.
7. To bring down the temperature if it had risen to 38 degrees. As an antipyretic can be used paracetamol, ibuprofen. Aspirin chickenpox is strictly forbidden!
8. Treat rash antiseptic alcohol and water-based to relieve itching and drying. Apply a solution, gel, ointment pointwise after bathing, 1 - 2 times a day.
9. Accept antihistamines (Suprastin, Diazolin, Tavegil). They reduce the itch of chickenpox in adults, promote faster drying elements.
10. Include a treatment ointment with antibiotics if a bacterial infection is established.
11. When the papules in the oral cavity, genital - wash antiseptic solutions (furatsilin, weak permanganic acid, boric acid).
12. To put a man in the hospital at all manifestations of severe or atypical course of chickenpox.

How long does chickenpox in adults depends on the severity and intensity of the eruptions. In embodiments, light from infection to full recovery takes about 2 weeks, in a more complex - and month more: up to 21 days - the latent period of up to 10 days - podsypanie undulating, up to 20 days - cleansing the skin covers.

The smear rashes besides green stuff?

For outdoor use rash treatment:

• Fukortsin.
• Furatsilin.
• Boric acid.
• Psili Balm.
• Calamine lotion.
• Brilliant green.
• Ointment Acyclovir.
• Fenistil gel.
• Liniment sintomitsina.

Folk remedies

folk remedies Treatment is not officially recognized in medicine, but has a right to exist.

1. Immunity can be supported by a tincture of chamomile flowers, marigold, basil leaves with lemon balm. For this purpose you can use a mixture of lemon juice and honey, to be taken three times a day for 1 hour. l.
2. To reduce the pain, itch on the skin using sodium carbonate solution (1 cup of warm water for 1 hour. l. soda), which dipped affected areas.
3. Stow manifestation of chickenpox bath with chamomile or calendula, celandine.
4. At elevated temperature and if the headache is very good drink of viburnum, buckthorn tea, infusion of rose hips and cranberry juice.
5. At home, you can make chopped parsley leaves and drink 1-4 cups a few times a day.
6. Those who can not tolerate the acute phase of intoxication, can taste fresh celery juice.
7. Excellent disappears itching and pain under the influence of tea tree oil, applied directly to the elements of the rash.
8. Blueberries have excellent antiviral effect in any form.

Traditional methods do not replace professional medical care, and receive medications prescribed by your doctor.

prevention

Usually, people get sick with chickenpox during early childhood, because the pathogen is very easily transmitted from person to person. However, some people reach adulthood, and having no immunity to the virus Varicella Zoster.

To avoid infection it is recommended to undergo special vaccination, after which developed lifelong immunity, as if the patient had chickenpox. Grafted possible even in the event that there was a contact with the patient and with its points was not more than 72 hours.

Vaccination against chickenpox adults

Vaccination against chickenpox is not included in the schedule of mandatory vaccinations and only used by the human will. Vaccination against chickenpox among the adult category of persons can be applied in any period, especially if the person has not previously endured this pathology in active clinical form. In most situations, vaccination against chickenpox interested persons whose work is related to the daily contact with children as chickenpox among organized groups of children is fairly common infectious pathology.

At the time of vaccination against chickenpox in adults used such as a vaccine and Okavaks Varilriks exhibiting identical efficiency.

1. Vaccination using Varilriks vaccine in most situations is used as an emergency prophylactic activities, and its effectiveness depends on the time of use. So, in a situation where a healthy person after contact with an infected patient with chickenpox has been more than 72 hours of vaccination is considered unsustainable. Vaccination against chickenpox using Varilriksa vaccines must be carried out twice at intervals of three months. Among contraindications Varilriksa vaccine should note the presence of signs of immunodeficiency in a patient, any acute infectious disease.
2. Okavaks protivovetryanochnuyu vaccine is a live vaccine and is allowed to be used both for children and adult categories of persons. Vaccination using Okavaksa represents a single subcutaneous dose in the projection of the outer surface of the shoulder. In most situations, the vaccine against chickenpox in adults occurs without complications, however, in some situations, the patient It may appear transient local reaction in the form of a small edema, hyperemia or sealing projection in the immediate injection. Absolute contraindication for immunization against chickenpox using a live vaccine is any trimester of pregnancy and severe somatic pathology, accompanied by immunocompromised.

In a situation where vaccination is carried out in a planned manner with regard to women of reproductive age, to carry out should be no later than three months before the expected pregnancy. Active synthesis of specific antibodies against the virus of chickenpox in adults, which is observed after vaccination with live vaccine can accompanied by the appearance of a low-intensity rashes on the skin, pathological elements which are similar to those chickenpox. This state is regarded as an infectious disease reactive and requires no medical correction. Effectiveness of vaccination against chickenpox is of limited duration, is thirty years old.

What if there were scars of chickenpox?

There are various solutions to this problem:

1. Ointments and gels for the treatment of scars. 2-3 times a day into the rumen of rubbing a small amount of gel. In old scars gel is applied under a bandage overnight. The course of treatment can take anywhere from 1 month to a year. For the treatment used: Kontraktubeks; Aldar; Dermatiks; Kelofibraza; Skarguard.
2. Chemical peels using phenol. Under the influence of aggressive chemicals removed the stratum corneum of the epidermis and dermis. After the restoration of the epidermis (up to 2 weeks), the skin becomes smooth.
3. Injection under the skin collagen. The substance fills the defect of the skin and promotes the formation of connective tissue.
4. Microdermabrasion - mechanical skin resurfacing solid particles (diamond). As a result of micro traumas activates the production of collagen. The procedure allows to align the relief of the skin and make scars less noticeable.
5. Laser skin resurfacing. The focused laser beam penetrates into the surface layers of the dermis and heats them by evaporating the water. After regeneration of the skin cells it floated. Caution: carbon dioxide laser treatment may cause the appearance of hypertrophic keloid scar, towering over the skin. Therefore, using erbium laser or karbondioksidny.

Before use, consult with a specialist.