Inguinal hernia in men: picture, symptoms and treatments without surgery

Inguinal hernia in men - is a disease in which the abdominal wall weaken and can not hold the internal organs in place. In this case, inguinal-scrotal hernia occurs due to weakening of the groin muscles. As a result, protrusion of an organ can be seen under the skin. Hernia occurs quite often, especially in older men.

The main factor of its occurrence is serious and regular load on the abdominal cavity. In order to recognize the disease and prevent complications, you need to know the symptoms. For clarity, you can see what an inguinal hernia in men photo. They will help provide an overall picture of the disease.

What it is?

Inguinal hernia (PG) - a disease in which the protrusion formed under the abdominal skin through natural openings in the crotch region of the abdomen. This is just one of the varieties of hernias, but the frequency of occurrence it is a leader in middle-aged and older persons.

Causes of

Inguinal hernia can occur for a variety of reasons. There are the following factors that may contribute to the emergence of the disease in men:

1. Frequent (chronic) coughWhich will provide a strong load and pressure on the weakened abdominal area, which in turn, may give rise to the formation of an inguinal hernia.
2. Hereditary predisposition to the inguinal hernia is detected in anatomical weakness abdomen muscle tissue.
3. Some diseases of the intestinal system can increase abdominal pressure, especially when they cause a human patient chronic constipation.
4. Excessive exercise, which exert a strong pressure on the abdomen (intra-abdominal pressure and increase the self). Particularly dangerous is heavy lifting, holding something in the air, as well as the transfer of heavy things in front of him.
5. Earlier traumas groin area, which caused a sharp weakening of the ligaments and muscles.
6. Sudden weight loss leads to the fact that the human peritoneum empty volumes are formed, which can be selling out of the abdominal cavity.
7. Overweight is capable of giving an excessive load on the internal organs, which increases the propensity for human inguinal hernia.

As can be understood from the above, contribute to the development of inguinal hernia in men may be slightly factors, but the most common cause of this disease is just heavy lifting. He is the fastest way to lead to an acute state of man, in which he will be required immediate treatment.

Classification

Depending on the origin of the hernia sac of hernia are:

• Acquired - occur mainly in adults who experience severe physical exertion. They are both direct and oblique.
• Birth - occurs when there is no overgrowth of vaginal process of the peritoneum, with descent of the testicles into the scrotum before birth. They are only oblique.

According to the anatomical classification, hernias are of the following types:

• Direct PG- she always acquired, never takes place in a part of the spermatic cord and do not descend into the scrotum, it is these features it is different from the oblique inguinal hernia. This hernia rarely infringed. Dimensions are usually not very large, with an average of 5-10 cm;
• Bias GHG - is characterized by the passage of the hernia sac as part of the spermatic cord, followed by the appearance of bulging under the skin of the groin, and in advanced cases and in the scrotum. It tends to be slighted. Sizes range from 4-5 cm to the giant - 30-40 cm;
• Nadpuzyrnaya GHG - occurs when the weakness of the anatomical structures located immediately above the pubic bone. Diverticulum is usually not very large;
• Sliding PG- already the name suggests that this type of hernia is characterized by incomplete hit body hernial sac and only one of its walls. Often in the hernial sac it is only part of the bladder, cecum. That is why, in this type of hernia, there are some difficulties in suturing the hernial sac during the operation;
• Combined GHG - in this type of hernia in a patient at the same time there are direct and oblique inguinal hernia is very rare, they are joined nadpuzyrnaya hernia.

Another important clinical classification, from which the choice of treatment depends on:

• Nevpravimaya PG - occurs with prolonged presence hernia, when the hernial sac adhesions connected with the subcutaneous fatty tissue. At the same time a hernia is entitled to the abdominal cavity is not possible, but its contents are not stressful and may slightly increase or decrease;
• Vpravimaya GHG - characterized by self or by hand reduction of hernia contents into the abdominal cavity. Usually this hernia small size and at an initial stage of development, when not yet formed adhesions between tissues;
• Strangulated GHG - when the infringement is not possible even with outside help straighten hernia contents into the abdominal cavity. In this hernial sac tense painful.

Determine whether strangulated inguinal hernia or not, you can perform a simple task - holding hand hernia, it is necessary to cough a few times. If the hernial protrusion increases and decreases - the hernia vpravimaya. Otherwise, if the coughing protrusion does not change its size and continues to hurt - it is likely that strangulated hernia!

symptoms

In men, the symptoms of acquired inguinal hernia (see. photo) as follows:

1. Education can be corrected by pressing the conventional, the audible characteristic chugging.
2. In the supine position or protrusion of generally aligned, or greatly reduced in size, and vice versa, in a vertical position increases and reappears.
3. In the reduction condition of hernia can easily be extended to probe through the skin inguinal ring.
4. When lowering the hernial sac into the scrotum, the scrotum half corresponding increases in size.
5. With a strong cough, straining, sneezing hernia enlarges, tenses, if you put it ruku- it is easy to feel.

At small sizes hernia no longer have any symptoms that concern the patient. But these ailments can occur with a significant increase of protrusion:

1. Back pain in the lower abdomen - this is due to compression of other organs and intestines.
2. Aching, long-lasting pain in hernia formation.
3. Other signs of digestive disorders such as bloating, loud rumbling.
4. Constipation is also caused by compression of intestinal loops in the hernial sac.
5. In rare cases, by ingestion of the bladder in the hernial formation can cause problems with urination.

Symptomatology inguinal hernia is fairly obvious by visual inspection, education has plotnoelasticheskuyu consistency and is easily detectable by yourself. It can be round, as if hernia sac descends into the scrotum, the protrusion has an elongated shape. As a rule, genetic predisposition, the propensity of the organism to the emergence gryzhi- after heavy lifting and strenuous activity may hernial protrusion.

strangulated hernia

Impingement inguinal hernia is accompanied by signs of:

• weakness, tachycardia;
• nausea, vomiting;
• bloating, lack of chairs;
• cough negative reaction to push, when coughing, resting his finger into the inguinal ring, usually felt jolts infringed if a hernia - push is not transmitted;
• ceases to reduce a hernia;
• hernial sac strongly tense;
• sharp, acute pain in the hernia and abdominal pain.

Strangulated inguinal hernia - this is a very serious complication, so care should be provided as soon as possible. The operation need to do as quickly as possible, because they can develop serious complications such as:

1. Necrosis - necrosis of bowel loops or parts of the gland, which consumed the hernia sac.
2. Peritonitis - at long strangulated hernia groin develop inflammation of the abdominal cavity.

Thus nevpravimye and large hernias even without the complications that cause discomfort to patients: limit their activity and accompanied by unpleasant symptoms.

What is an inguinal hernia: photo

The photo below shows how the disease manifests itself in men.

Diagnostics

Suspect the presence of an inguinal hernia is almost always possible to have a clinical examination. At the same time determined by its size, location, assesses the degree vpravlyaemosti.

To determine the kind of structures involved in the composition of hernia formation, performed an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, abdomen, scrotum. Sometimes conducting further investigation is required: barium enema, cystoscopy, etc...

Treatment of inguinal hernia in men

The only method of treatment of inguinal hernia in men - surgery. During operation the doctor excised hernial sac and produces plastic hernial ring, which prevents further occurrence of relapses. Plastic hernial ring may be performed either by the aponeurosis (tensioning method) or using a special mesh prosthesis (nenatyazhnaya technique).

Removal of inguinal hernia in men in most cases operate with the subsequent application of the polypropylene mesh. It is set in the hernial ring and fixed. Subsequently, through its cell germinate connective tissue fibers and form a solid barrier to the abdominal cavity on the way to the inguinal canal. Using this technique significantly reduces the likelihood of recurrence of the disease.

Operations for inguinal hernia in males can be executed as a conventional way with a cut open the skin and laparoscopically - through a small puncture.

Laparoscopic surgery for hernia

Laparoscopic technique allows to get into the abdominal cavity of a patient with special manipulators through small punctures on the anterior abdominal wall. The advantage of surgery is that it does not remain after the scars, and during the execution of applied minor damage to the tissues.

1. Initially the patient is carried anesthesia. Interference is performed under general anesthesia (anesthesia).
2. The abdominal cavity is injected carbon dioxide, so that the anterior abdominal wall rises like a dome, and the conditions for surgeons.
3. Hernia bag with its contents back into the abdominal cavity.
4. From the inside to the abdominal wall sutured mesh. As a result, it is more effectively holds the abdominal organs and makes them go beyond it. Gradually she grows and securely in place.

Thanks to a number of advantages, laparoscopic treatment of hernias is gradually gaining popularity. However, if the protrusion is large, the surgeons prefer traditional methods, so as to carry out the intervention of a technically simpler. It is therefore necessary to apply a more early possible to doctors for help and receive treatment for the most modern methods.

How long should I be in the hospital? Usually after laparoscopy man can go home within 1 day after surgery if there were no complications.

Postoperative complications

The most common effects of surgery are:

1. gapping.
2. Hematomas. That they did not have ice applied right after surgery.
3. Infection and festering wounds. To avoid this, it appointed a course of antibiotics.
4. dropsy of testicular. It develops due to damage to the egg membranes. A symptom of this complication is the increase in the scrotum on one or both sides. Treated only by surgery.
5. Damage to the spermatic cord. It is the fault of the doctor, and due to the structural features of the inguinal canal. Spermatic cord passes near the hernia sac, so the lack of qualifications of the doctor may be damaged. This complication is fraught with infertility.
6. Damage to the hip joint. It arises in the case of coarse stitches.
7. Relapse. The re-emergence of a hernia usually occurs because of non-compliance by the patient.
8. Damage to the blood vessels. Also quite threatening complication, since it leads to testicular atrophy.

Even take it easy and safe operation to remove a hernia in men may be associated with complications. Most often they arise through the fault of the patient, because of constraint violations during the rehabilitation period. Sometimes complications arise through the fault of the surgeon, or arise as a result of the individual characteristics of the organism.

Diet after hernia repair

Proper diet will speed up rehabilitation. The first few days is better to eat only liquid and pureed food in small portions. 4-5 day you can go to a regular diet.

You need to use as much as possible of foods rich in protein and fiber. The diet should be:

• lean boiled meat (chicken, beef);
• seasonal vegetables (raw or steamed);
• dairy products, especially cheese;
• fruits and berries;
• various cereals (buckwheat, millet, oats, barley);
• Fish and seafood;
• nuts and dried fruit.

It is better to exclude from the diet of alcohol and coffee, and smoking.

What are the treatment options for inguinal hernia without surgery?

Taking into account the pathogenesis of the disease, it is thought that treatment without surgery is not possible with inguinal hernias. It should be borne in mind that the bandage also does not cure, but only helps to ensure that reduce a inguinal hernia in men is retained in the abdominal cavity.

According to some doctors, the treatment of inguinal hernia in men to exercise the therapeutic effect has not. However, many experts advise using exercises to increase muscle strength of the abdominal wall, but only supine or sitting.

For example, run exercises such as:

• abdominal breathing with the load (12 kg) on ​​the abdominal wall;
• lift straight legs to 30 ° with respect to the horizontal position of the body;
• lifting the shoulder belt and the blades from the horizontal position (s hands places on the head);
• squeezing placed between the knees of the ball (in the supine position with the legs bent at the knees) and others.

The most suitable for inguinal hernias asana yoga exercises: uddiyana, pavanmuktasana, sarvangasana etc. Asana uddiyana need to perform Sitting: with the power to breathe air, "squeeze" it out of the lungs, the maximum plunging stomach, hold for three seconds, and then take a deep breath through nose. Repeat 5-6 times.

prevention

Prevent disease possible, avoiding excessive physical activity, lifting heavy loads. It is important to take care of the stable operation of the digestive tract, because constipation provoke the hernia. You need to lose weight and to engage in physical therapy. It is necessary to strengthen the abdominal wall, performing abdominal exercises, "bicycle". Physiotherapist should be given at least 20-30 minutes a day.

It should be noted the importance of compliance with the literate diet. There should be frequent, but little by little, and no alcohol. Instead of greasy and spicy foods, bakery and confectionery products need to eat vegetables, fish and meat, boiled or steamed.

Forecast

Removal of an inguinal hernia in men, provided the operation in a planned manner, results in complete recovery of the patient, the restoration of his ability to work in a short time. Development infringement inguinal hernia complications and worsen the prognosis.