Stroke in women 40 years old. Signs, causes, treatment

Stroke in women and men aged 40 years occurs with damage to the central nervous system, is characterized by a ruptured blood vessel or acute circulatory disorders. The main cause is hemorrhage or blood clot formation in the area of ​​the cerebral cortex. The characteristic clinical signs will help to determine the disease, with which it is important to consult a neurologist, neuropathologist or cardiologist in a timely manner. Otherwise, the patient will face serious consequences.

Views

In medicine, there is a classification of strokes, which is determined by provoking factors and pathological processes. In any situation, a patient needs qualified medical care, the speed of which is provided to a person's life.

Ischemic stroke

In 80% of cases, it is ischemic stroke that is diagnosed in humans. Another name for a pathological condition is cerebral infarction. A necrotic focus is formed in the tissues of the brain due to acutely impaired blood circulation, congestion develops.

The main provoking factors are the narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain (stenosis) or their blockage (thrombosis). The same goes for embolism.

Hemorrhagic stroke

A dangerous form of a pathological condition, which in 82% of cases leads to death.

A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel ruptures in an area of ​​the brain. A clot is formed, and as a result, a necrotic focus. The functions of the affected area are impaired. The person develops general and local neurological symptoms.

In most cases, high blood pressure acts as a provoking factor.

Extensive stroke

The pathological condition is characterized by massive strokes, in which a person develops certain clinical symptoms:

• swelling of the brain tissue;
• consciousness is oppressed;
• half of the field of view falls out;
• a person does not understand his condition;
• vegetative disorders develop (the nervous regulation of internal organs and systems of the human body fails);
• trophic disorders are accompanied by the appearance of ulcers on the skin, there is also a disorder of nerve conduction.

In most cases, massive strokes entail serious complications. These are oculomotor disorders, impaired consciousness. After an attack, a person remains completely disabled, sometimes death occurs.

Lacunar stroke

A type of ischemic stroke in which small blood vessels are affected. The name of the pathological condition comes from the fact that characteristic gaps (circular cavities) are formed at the site of the ischemic attack. They are filled with liquor. Lacunar stroke occurs in 20% of cases from general statistics.

You can determine the pathological condition by the following external signs:

• body coordination is impaired;
• a person cannot clearly pronounce words;
• the motor activity of one arm or leg worsens.

More often, women over the age of 48 experience lacunar stroke. The main provoking cause is atherosclerosis against the background of high blood pressure. The prognosis depends entirely on the location of the pathological focus and the speed of medical care.

Spinal stroke

A stroke in women 40 years of age (signs of any form of the disease cannot be ignored, since a person's life is at risk) provokes a circulatory disorder in the spinal cord. Pathological processes are often localized in the large arteries of the cervical or lumbar spine.

Clinical symptoms characteristic of spinal stroke:

• periodically a person is disturbed by severe headaches;
• chronic vascular spinal failure develops;
• memory deteriorates;
• short-term dizziness appears.

Spinal stroke is also preceded by painful sensations of various localization, noise and heaviness in the head, sleep disturbance.

Acute stroke

The initial stage of development of impaired blood circulation in the region of the brain, which develops in stages and lasts 21 days. During this time, the patient can still be provided with medical care and a person's life will depend on its effectiveness. Without treatment, pathological processes will progress, as evidenced by increasing clinical symptoms.

Stages of acute stroke:

1. Pathological foci are formed from damaged brain cells. Degenerative changes occur within the first 5-8 minutes.
2. At the second stage, pathological foci gradually increase.
3. Damage to damaged tissues is 50%.
4. After 6 hours, pathological foci increase by 80%.

As the pathological processes progress, a person develops pronounced neurological disorders.

Microstroke

In medicine, the pathological condition is also called a minor stroke, since the symptoms of the disease quickly disappear.

A microstroke provokes the appearance of a neurological deficit syndrome:

• gait is disturbed;
• muscle hypertonia appears;
• there are vision problems, paralyzes the head;
• pathological processes are accompanied by epileptic seizures;
• joy or rage arises for no apparent reason.

A microstroke is characterized by the formation and preservation of necrotic foci in the area of ​​brain tissue.

Re-stroke

After the first stroke, there is always a high risk of recurrence, which entails a serious threat to a person's life. Therefore, after an attack, the patient needs consistent and continuous prophylaxis without fail. For this, medications are prescribed to a person, and it is recommended to adhere to certain rules.

Symptoms and Signs

A stroke in a 40-year-old woman is accompanied by pronounced clinical signs that cannot be ignored:

• severe headache occurs;
• sweating increases;
• disturbed by the noise in the head;
• the skin on the face turns red;
• dizzy;
• general weakness arises sharply in the body;
• there is a strong pain syndrome in the abdomen;
• nausea, sometimes vomiting appears;
• the body aches and hurts;
• heart rate increases;
• severe shortness of breath appears;
• coordination of movement is disturbed;
• paralyzes facial muscles;
• speech is disturbed, the patient is lost in time;
• the woman is tormented by strong thirst, there is a dry mouth.

Clinical signs of a stroke, which disappeared on their own after 1-2 hours, indicate the development of a microstroke or ischemic attack. In this situation, blood circulation is restored on its own. If the symptoms persist and intensify, the woman needs emergency medical care in the hospital.

Causes

Stroke in women can happen after 18 years. This is due to the physiological characteristics of the body. Women emotionally perceive any situation, therefore they are more prone to aneurysms than men.

The provoking factors are the following reasons:

• high blood pressure (hypertension);
• frequent stressful situations, emotional stress;
• hormonal disorders in a woman's body;
• pregnancy and labor;
• signs of eclampsia and preeclampsia;
• long-term treatment with contraceptive drugs;
• obesity of varying degrees;
• heart rhythm disturbance;
• present chronic diseases;
• a tendency to platelet aggregation;
• bad habits (abuse of alcoholic beverages and tobacco products);
• increased blood cholesterol;
• sedentary and sedentary lifestyle.

There are also pathological conditions, against which the risk of stroke in a woman increases:

• cerebral atherosclerosis;
• endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus);
• congenital heart disease;
• violation of the blood clotting process;
• atrial fibrillation;
• cerebral aneurysm.

In any situation, the patient needs emergency medical care, on the speed of provision of which the life of a woman depends.

Diagnostics

Stroke in women 40 years old (signs of acutely impaired blood circulation cannot be ignored, since a person's life depends on the provision of first aid) will help to identify external changes. An instrumental examination is prescribed by a neurologist or cardiologist to the patient after a thorough examination. The previously established diagnosis requires confirmation. The research results will also help to choose the most effective and safe treatment for the patient.

The following diagnostic measures will help differentiate stroke in women and determine the degree of brain damage:

Name	Description
Computed tomography (CT)	The most informative diagnostic method that will help determine the type of stroke and the extent of the hemorrhage.
Diffuse Weighted Tomography	The specialist carefully examines the affected area of ​​the brain.
Cerebral angiography	A diagnostic method that allows you to carefully examine the vessels of the brain for the formation of a blood clot or aneurysm.
Puncture of cerebrospinal fluid	The results of the study will show the presence of blood in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Coagulogram	The process of blood clotting is assessed.
Electrocardiography	The examination helps to determine pathological changes in the tissues of the heart and an increase in its size.

It is important to differentiate stroke in women, since many neurological diseases are accompanied by similar clinical symptoms (epilepsy, meningitis, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, malignant tumors brain).

Treatment methods

Stroke in women 40 years old (signs of a pathological condition depend on the area of ​​damage to brain cells) requires complex therapy based on the established diagnosis. A neurologist or cardiologist examines the patient and assigns him a diagnosis. But first of all, a sick person must be provided with emergency assistance.

First aid

In case of acute circulatory disorders or rupture of a blood vessel in the tissues of the brain, a person should be provided with first aid.

The algorithm of actions is as follows:

1. Call an ambulance.
2. Lay the woman on a flat surface, raise her head a little.
3. Unbutton clothing and open window to provide fresh air.
4. Measure blood pressure, stabilize it in case of high values.
5. Support the woman morally so that she does not panic.
6. Rub or massage paralyzed limbs.

The main thing is to immediately call an ambulance, the patient must be hospitalized as soon as possible, then his chances of recovery increase.

Drug therapy

A neuropathologist or cardiologist selects medications for a woman, taking into account the established diagnosis after the diagnosis. The degree of brain damage, diseases or complications present are also taken into account. Medicines must be taken strictly, observing the established dosages, in order to prevent the occurrence of side effects or a secondary attack.

Drug group	Name	Application
Antihypertensive drugs	Anaprilin, Carvedilol	The medicine is taken before meals for 10-30 minutes. The tablets are swallowed whole, not chewed and washed down with plenty of water. The adult dosage of the drug is 10-20 mg 3-4 times a day. The course of therapy lasts 3-4 weeks. After a short break (1-2 months), the treatment can be repeated.
Calcium antagonists	Diazem, Falipamil	The drug is taken orally 30 mg 3-4 times a day. Every 1-2 days, the dosage of the drug must be increased.
Antispasmodics	Papaverine, Atropine	The medicine is administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously. The recommended dosage for adults is 0.5-2 ml per day.
ACE inhibitors	Captopril, Lisinopril	The dosage of the drug depends on the patient's condition and ranges from 25 to 150 mg. The indicated volume of the medicine must be divided into 3 doses. The tablets are taken on an empty stomach, washed down with a small amount of water.
Sedatives	Elenium, Phenobarbital	For adult patients, the drug is prescribed 5-25 mg 3-4 times a day. The tablets are swallowed, not chewed and washed down with water.
Diuretics	Mannitol, Lasix	The medicine is administered intravenously through a dropper or jet. The therapeutic dosage for an adult patient is 1-1.5 g / kg. The drug is also used for inhalation. The initial dosage is 400 mg 2 times a day.
Antioxidants	Mildronate, Actovegin	In case of a stroke, the drug is administered intravenously, 500 mg once a day for 10 days. Further, patients are prescribed to take the drug inside. The adult dosage of the drug is 0.5-1 g. The course of treatment lasts 10-14 days. After a short break, therapy is recommended to be repeated.

Additionally, patients are prescribed microelements and multivitamin complexes. Any form of stroke is a serious circulatory disorder in the area of ​​the brain, therefore, in case of emergency, patients surgery is prescribed (carotid endaterectomy to remove a thrombus or angioplasty, stenting of carotid arteries). After surgical treatment, the patient will have a long recovery period.

Possible consequences and complications

A stroke in women 40 years of age (signs of the disease, depending on the type, appear acutely or gradually, as the pathological processes progress) often provokes complications and consequences. The main reason is incorrect or untimely therapy, also if patients have refused rehabilitation treatment.

Acute circulatory disorders in the brain area can lead to the following complications:

Name	Description
Paralysis	The pathological condition occurs as a result of damage to the motor center in stroke. More often it is the left side of the hemisphere that suffers, therefore it paralyzes the right side of the body. A person cannot perform certain actions, move. In some situations, the psyche and thinking are disturbed.
Coma	The pathological condition occurs due to damage to the cerebral cortex and subcortical substance. Coma is characterized by an unconscious state of a person, not only reflexes are disturbed, but also the functioning of the cardiovascular, respiratory system.
Edema of brain tissue	A dangerous complication of stroke in women, which proceeds with characteristic clinical symptoms. Convulsions appear, which are accompanied by psychomotor irritability. Against the background of an increase in blood pressure, severe headache, nausea, and sometimes vomiting occur.

A complication of stroke in women is also aphasia, impaired coordination, apraxia. The present concomitant diseases provoke a second relapse. Contributing factors are thrombosis, atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or abnormal anatomical structure of blood vessels.

In some situations, patients themselves harm their health. After an attack, they ignore the recommendations of the attending physician and return to their past lifestyle.

Stroke in women after 40 years of age occurs against the background of numerous provoking factors. It is important to know the signs of a pathological condition in order to go to the hospital in a timely manner and undergo an examination. Comprehensive diagnostics will help prevent acute circulatory disorders in the area of ​​brain tissue. Self-treatment in this situation is categorically excluded, especially if the woman is at risk.

Stroke videos in women

Stroke in women: