Superficial gastritis. Symptoms and treatment in women, diet, drugs

Superficial gastritis is an inflammatory processdeveloping in the gastric mucosa. The disease does not affect the secretory function of the organ and its deeper layers, which greatly facilitates its treatment. The disorder has typical symptomatic manifestations and can develop in both women and men.

Reasons for the development of superficial gastritis in women, risk factors

Pathology occurs for a number of reasons. At the same time, both internal and external factors can contribute to its development.

The main cause of the pathology is infection with the microorganism Helicobacter pylori.

Causes:

• kidney disease;
• allergic reactions caused by food intake (food allergy);
• deficiency of vitamins in the body;
• hereditary predisposition;
• disruption of the digestive tract valves;
• anemia;
• abuse of drugs that irritate the gastric mucosa.
• heart or pulmonary failure.

Also, the disease can occur as a result of a violation of the diet and nutritional rules.

These reasons include the following:

• eating dry food;
• quick snacks, insufficient chewing of food;
• irregular meals.

Bad habits can also provoke pathology - alcohol consumption, smoking, as well as work with harmful working conditions.

Risk factors:

• disruptions in metabolism;
• autoimmune disorders;
• infectious processes;
• toxic damage to the body;
• endocrine pathologies;
• stressful situations.

These factors increase the risks of developing the disease, but are not its main causes.

In some cases, pathology can occur during pregnancy, which is not dangerous for the health and development of the fetus.

Symptoms

Superficial gastritis (symptoms and treatment in women are practically no different from those in men) develops gradually. In this case, exacerbations may occur, which gradually pass on their own.

Signs:

• discomfort in the epigastric region;
• pain, especially after eating;
• heartburn;
• the development of nausea;
• belching with an unpleasant odor;
• decreased appetite;
• stool problems.

  

Among the internal signs, there is a decrease in gastric acidity, both its increase and decrease occur. At the same time, sharp painful sensations develop, especially at night.

Decreased acidity gradually leads to the development of atrophic processes, which causes loss of appetite and, as a result, a decrease in body weight. Attacks of nausea and vomiting gradually intensify, the tongue becomes covered with a light bloom.

Classification of superficial gastritis and features of the clinical picture

The superficial form of gastritis is divided into several main subspecies, which are characterized by their symptoms and the area of ​​the lesion.

In terms of form, pathology is divided into chronic and acute types.

Focal

With the development of a focal form, only one of the parts of the stomach - the fundic or pyloric - is affected.

The main cause of development is infection with Helicobacter pylori. In this case, any symptoms are absent or mild.

Clinical picture:

• lack of appetite;
• increased gas production, flatulence;
• belching with a sour taste;
• heartburn;
• upset stool.

With timely therapy, the prognosis for complete recovery is favorable in most cases. However, in the absence of any therapeutic measures, the pathology gradually progresses, in as a result of which chronic erosion occurs, accompanied by the formation of hemorrhagic components.

Diffuse

The diffuse form of pathology affects only the surface layer of the mucous membrane. The glandular apparatus remains intact.

The course of the disease is long with constant exacerbations and remissions.

The disorder is often accompanied by complications and affects the duodenum, against the background of which bulbitis, reflux gastritis and pyloric sphincter insufficiency develop.

As a result of the aggravation of the condition, erosion and erythemal complications occur in the region of the gastric mucosa.

With a moderate course of the disorder and timely treatment, the disease can be clinically cured. In this case, success depends on the rate of spread of the pathological process and the severity of its course.

Mixed superficial and atrophic gastritis

Superficial gastritis (symptoms and treatment in women may differ, based on the type of disorder and the degree of its severity) can be mixed and combine signs of several forms at once.

This violation proceeds without any signs. With the progression, the process leads to degenerative and dystrophic changes in the gastric mucosa. The glands of the organ atrophy, which contributes to the development of a mixed form.

Subtypes of the disease:

• Subatrophic form - proceeds in a moderately pronounced form.
• Atrophic antral type of disorder - develops against the background of infection with Helicobacter. In the absence of therapy, the disease progresses and leads to the onset of diffuse gastritis.
• Focal atrophic appearance - the activity of the pathology is moderately pronounced, the secretory function is slightly affected, while atrophic changes are minimal.
• Multifocal subspecies - the disease proceeds with pronounced symptoms. The condition can eventually lead to the formation of malignant tumors.

Therapy is required in all forms and subspecies, since the process tends to spread and aggravate.

Mixed superficial and hyperplastic gastritis with glandular hypertrophy

This type of disease differs in that, with its development, polyps are formed, thick, rigid folds are formed, and hyperplasia also develops. Affecting the gastric mucosa.

With further progression of the disease, symptoms appear in the form of diarrhea, vomiting and minor bleeding.

Against the background of hypertrophic changes in the glands of the organ, its secretory function increases.

Diagnostics

Diagnostics allows you to determine the presence of the disease, to establish its form, severity, and also to identify the cause of its development.

Research methods:

• general examination of blood and urine;
• blood chemistry;
• coprogram - a study of feces for the presence of various impurities;
• EGDS - allows you to track the morphology of the disease;
• X-ray with contrast agent - helps to identify the presence of formations and erosion;
• analysis of gastric juice - a study of the secretory function of the stomach;
• measurement of gastric acidity - is carried out to diagnose and clarify the form of the disease.

Additionally, an analysis is prescribed for the presence of antibodies to Helicobateria. If a tumor is suspected, a biopsy is performed - a cytological study with a preliminary sampling of biological material. Diagnostics allows you to determine the type of neoplasms.

Superficial gastritis treatment

Superficial gastritis in both women and men requires an integrated approach, which allows you to achieve lasting results and, in some cases, completely get rid of the pathology. In this case, the main measures are diet, as well as drug treatment, aimed not only at eliminating symptoms, but also stopping the further spread of the disease.

Drug treatment

Medicines are selected individually, based on the severity of the pathological processes, the patient's age and the presence of accompanying factors.

Group of drugs	Features / characteristics	Representatives
Antibacterial agents	This group of medicines is prescribed in the presence of Helicobacter. The average duration of admission is 1-2 weeks. In most cases, 2-3 drugs are prescribed at once, which must be taken up to 2 weeks.	Metronidazole, Amoxicillin, Clarithromiuin
Antisecretory drugs	This group of medicines helps to reduce the acidity of gastric juice. Dosages are set individually.	Omez, Cimetidine, Roxatidine
Antiulcer drugs	Most of them use drugs based on bismuth, an active substance. They are used for low acidity and atrophic changes.	De-nol
Antacids	The funds are used for high acidity and have an enveloping effect. Application scheme - individual.	Phosphalugel
Anticholinergics and antispasmodics	They are prescribed to reduce the secretion of the gastrointestinal glands and reduce the tone of smooth muscles.	No-shpa, Metatsin
Prokinetics	The funds have an antiemetic effect and are used with a pronounced clinical picture.	Motilium, Cerucal

Replacement therapy can also be carried out using agents such as Abomin or Creon. Various enzyme preparations are often prescribed.

Food

Superficial gastritis (symptoms and treatment in women during pregnancy must be constantly monitored and therapy adjusted if necessary) requires dietary intake.

In most cases (or if there are no special instructions from the attending specialist), it is recommended to follow Pevzner table number 5.

Prohibited Products:

• fried or fatty foods;
• smoked products;
• various spices and pickles;
• fresh bread, pastries;
• chocolate, cocoa;
• citrus;
• carbonated drinks, coffee, alcohol.

Allowed Products:

• lean meats and fish;
• boiled or baked vegetables and fruits;
• cereals and pasta;
• milk products;
• sweets.

From drinks it is recommended to use weak black or green tea, still mineral water, rosehip broth, herbal teas.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies can only be used as an adjunct to drug treatment, since such methods are not able to completely eliminate the disease. Home treatments can help relieve symptoms and relieve symptoms.

Recipes:

• Potato juice. Prepared with fresh potatoes. Consume ½ tbsp. before meals, 3 times a day.
• Carrot and green apple juice. Squeeze, mix in equal amounts. Take 1 tbsp. on an empty stomach in the morning.
• Burdock infusion. Grind 1 tsp. burdock roots, pour the mixture with 2 tbsp. boiled water and let it brew for 12 hours. Consume ½ tbsp. 2-3 times a day. Strain the infusion before use.
• Sea buckthorn oil. Take 1 tsp. 1 hour before meals.
• Cabbage juice. Squeeze and take fresh ½ tbsp. 1 hour before meals. Consume 3 times a day. Do not use for relapses.
• Plantain infusion. Take 1 tbsp. dry leaves of the plant and pour them 1 tbsp. boiled water. Insist for 10-15 minutes. Consumed within an hour in small sips. The remedy is indicated for low acidity.

Before using folk remedies, you must first consult with your doctor.

Vitamins

In addition to the main treatment, various vitamin complexes can be prescribed. The selection of drugs takes place individually according to the patient's disease and age.

The most popular remedies are complexes containing vitamins A, C and B vitamins - Complivit, Undevit, Aevit.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic remedies should be used only on the advice of a doctor, as the wrong choice can cause a worsening of the condition.

Funds:

• Nux vomica, Chilibukha - are used for dyspeptic disorders.
• Graphites are prescribed for constipation and dyspepsia.
• Carbo vegetabilis - used for flatulence, belching.
• Ignation - the remedy is prescribed for pain syndrome, high acidity and dyspeptic symptoms.
• Robinia - is prescribed for stomach discomfort, vomiting, and also to increase acidity.
• Zimolyub - the drug is used for pain in the stomach, vomiting.

Before taking homeopathic medicines, you should carefully read the instructions for their use, especially with the list of contraindications.

Physiotherapy treatment

Superficial gastritis (symptoms and treatment in women are determined by the attending physician according to physiological characteristics) can be successfully treated using various physiological procedures.

Physiotherapy procedures allow to stop pain syndrome, reduce discomfort in the stomach. In addition, such treatment helps to restore gastric motility and enhances its secretory function. In case of damage to the mucous membrane, procedures contribute to the acceleration of regeneration and epithelialization.

Types of impacts:

• Ultrasound.
• Electrophoresis with the use of various medications (galvanization).
• Dynamic currents.
• Inductothermy - indicated for reduced secretory function.
• Sinusoidally modulated currents - used in case of increased secretion.
• Balneotherapy - treatment with mineral waters.

Physiotherapy is used only as directed by a doctor, since some effects have contraindications.

Operative treatment

Surgical treatment is carried out only in severe and difficult cases. Operations are prescribed in extremely rare cases and only if there are certain indications.

Recommendations for the operation:

• the presence of bleeding that cannot be treated by other means (including bleeding of an unknown origin);
• erosion and polyps;
• ulcerative lesion of the stomach;
• spread of infection;
• the presence of neoplasms.

Operations are aimed at excising damaged tissues and stopping the further spread of the pathological process (in the event of an infection).

After surgical interventions, supportive drug therapy is prescribed and dietary nutrition is followed.

Complications in the absence of therapy

In the absence of timely treatment, pathology can lead to the development of additional difficulties. In this case, the symptoms become more pronounced, the patient's condition worsens significantly.

Possible consequences:

• the formation of gastric bleeding;
• ulcerative lesion of the stomach and duodenum;
• polyps;
• the occurrence of tumors (cancer cells).

With the development of malignant tumors, urgent treatment is required, since ultimately the process can lead to metastases and cause death.

At the first symptoms and suspicion of the development of superficial gastritis, it is recommended immediately contact a specialist who will conduct the necessary research and appoint an appropriate treatment. Women during pregnancy should regularly undergo gastrointestinal examinations for signs of illness.

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