Miscellaneous

Benzapiren. Impact on the human body and the environment

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Content

  1. What it is
  2. Where does it come from
  3. Allowable norms
  4. In the soil
  5. In the air
  6. In food
  7. How is its presence and concentration determined?
  8. In the soil
  9. In the air
  10. In food
  11. What is dangerous
  12. For man
  13. For the environment
  14. Video about Benzapiren

Technological progress has 2 sides: it certainly improves human life in all, without exception. spheres, but the results of such vital activity are substances that pollute the surrounding Wednesday. One of them is benzopyrene, its detrimental effect on the body a person can be reduced by knowing some rules.

What it is

Benzapirene is a chemical compound that was discovered in 1933. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon classified as hazard class 1 because it is a carcinogen. Its formula is C20H12.

In the middle of the twentieth century, 3,4-benzopyrene was identified - the most famous today. It is part of resin and soot as a component harmful to humans and animals that can cause dangerous diseases. By its concentration in various products, they judge the degree of their pollution and danger to the body.

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Where does it come from

Benzapirene is a combustion product of hydrocarbon fuel in all its states - solid, liquid and gaseous. Such a result of technological progress and human activity is formed after the combustion of oil and its products, as well as wood materials and waste from industrial human activities. But it is man-made waste that is considered the most dangerous for human life and health.

These include products:

  • ferrous metallurgy;
  • hydro and thermal power plants;
  • the automotive industry;
  • chemical production;
  • extraction and processing of radioactive substances.

The air masses, where the formed Benzapiren enters, transfer it to huge areas, and then the hydrocarbon settles into the soil, water and accumulates on all surfaces.Benzapiren. Impact on the human body and the environment

Like any other combustion product, Benzapiren is concentrated in soil and water, from where it begins to move along the food chain: plants - food - the human body.

If this substance is present in the seeds, which during their growth absorb it with water from the soil, it enters the oil. The seeds are often dried using flue gases. They can also accumulate this harmful hydrocarbon, since such gases contain part of the products formed during incomplete combustion of the fuel. When the seeds are transported in large trucks, the exhaust gases containing the Benzapirene increase the concentration in the transported product.

Allowable norms

There is a decree signed by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of Russia, who determine hygiene standards, as well as permissible concentrations of chemicals in soil.

In the soil

Benzapiren, whose effect on the human body can affect its health, first of all settles in the soil.

According to the decree, the maximum permissible concentration of Benzapiren in the soil is 0.02 mg / kg. The table also shows the limiting hazard indicator - general sanitary.

Many construction and other organizations are interested in conducting environmental engineering surveys of construction and repaired facilities and a conclusion was made about their environmental friendliness, the degree of presence of chemicals harmful to the human body, including Benzapirene.

Such research is carried out by special companies that use the method of liquid chromatography.

In the air

Since Benzapirene is a carcinogen, it is important to monitor the level of its concentration in the air we breathe. According to hygienic standards, the maximum permissible concentration of this chemical compound in the air of cities and rural settlements is 1 10-6 mg / mBenzapiren. Impact on the human body and the environment

Its presence in the air, especially in urban air, in combination with carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and dioxins is an explosive mixture for human lungs. Therefore, it is so important to constantly keep your finger on the pulse and record the presence of this harmful substance in the air.

In food

The most dangerous is the presence of such a compound in food. The maximum allowable content is slightly different for some types of products. So, for most products, it is 1 μg / kg, in smoked fish, it should not exceed 5 μg / kg. But the smallest amount is allowed in food for pregnant and lactating women - up to 1 mg / kg. In the diet of children, the presence of such a substance is completely unacceptable.

All products containing oil or prepared on the basis of oil contain Benzapiren. Therefore, special attention is paid to them. According to the requirements of the EU Commission Regulation, the concentration of Benzapirene in them should not be higher than 2 μg / kg.

The content of Benzapiren in food and its concentration are controlled by special laboratories.

How is its presence and concentration determined?

Benzapiren, whose influence on the human body can change its life, surrounds it almost everywhere. The source of existence of Benzapirene, in addition to combustion products, is car exhaust, tobacco smoke, products undergoing the roasting process, smoked fish, plants growing near car tracks.

To protect a person from the harmful effects of this hydrocarbon, it is important to determine its concentration in various substances, in particular in soil, air and food.

In the soil

To determine the concentration of this ecotoxicant, they resort to the method of liquid chromatography. It allows you to detect the compound not only in the ground, but also in sewage sludge, at the bottom of seas, oceans, rivers and lakes, as well as in solid waste.Benzapiren. Impact on the human body and the environment

This method is most successful because of its accuracy and high sensitivity.

To carry out such a study, an apparatus called a liquid chromatograph is used. The whole procedure takes place in several stages. First, samples of soil, bottom sediment or other mixture are taken and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are extracted using an organic solvent. This solvent, or extractant, has the property of not mixing with the starting material.

After that, the solvent is replaced, the samples are also purified using the method of separating the mixture into components using solid sorbents. To do this, use concentrating cartridges with a sorbent located between the filters.

The third and final stage is the recognition and calculation of the concentration of the hazardous hydrocarbon.

In the air

Benzapiren, whose effect on the human body cannot be ignored, is concentrated in the air masses, which leads to diseases.

Modern methods and equipment make it possible to determine the exact concentration of harmful substances in any environment, including air. For this, the technique of liquid chromatography is used.

It consists in the fact that air samples are taken for aerosol filters, they are installed in an electric aspirator. A single sample in each of the two filters should not be less than 5 m3.

Samples are single and daily. The time for taking one-time samples is from 20 to 30 minutes, and the average daily sample is taken 4 times a day for half an hour.

Filters with air samples are placed in paper bags, marked and left for storage in an ordinary room or in the cold for no more than a month.

The next stage in the preparation of atmospheric air samples is drying using a drying oven. Then they are placed in dried form in conical flasks, subjected to extraction (for this, hexane and ultrasound are used). After that, it is mixed with ethyl acetate at a certain concentration and purified on cartridges using the extraction method.

The air of the working area is passed through filters located in series, in a volume for both filters, ranging from 0.150 to 0.300 m3. Then a similar procedure is carried out.

The accuracy of data processing and their results is ensured by a special computer program for processing data obtained as a result of chromatography.

In food

It is important for human health that the products that he eats do not contain harmful substances. To do this, they are examined for the presence and concentration of benzopyrene as well. Before the products are examined, samples are taken in accordance with GOST, as well as their conservation and storage.

Such research is a multi-stage procedure. First of all, the required number of samples is taken, which are then cooled (-12 - -18 ° C) for half an hour.Benzapiren. Impact on the human body and the environment

Then them:

  • crushed;
  • evenly distribute (homogenized with sodium sulfate);
  • extracted with hexane;
  • observe the precipitation, which precipitates 1 to 2 minutes;
  • the extract is degreased in the freezer;
  • clean the layer above the sediment;
  • blow off the eluate.

After that, the amount of benzopyrene in the test sample is calculated and an appropriate conclusion is drawn up.

What is dangerous

Benzapirene, being an ecotoxicant, is always in the field of vision of specialists - ecologists, doctors, toxicologists - and ordinary people for whom a healthy lifestyle is not an empty phrase, because its effect on the human body provokes the development of severe diseases.

For man

The danger of Benzapirene is that it can accumulate in the body, leading to pathological conditions, such as cancer. In this regard, even a small amount of it entering the human body is dangerous. If such "receipts" become regular, the person is in great danger.

While it is possible to eliminate the phenomenon that provokes oncology, this should be done immediately.

Another property of this compound is fat solubility. This means that all foods associated with oil (seeds, fat, dairy products, fatty meats and fish) are a ticking time bomb. Such products contain different concentrations of Benzapiren, but there are designated standards that regulate its possible presence in products.

Health-conscious people care about what food they eat. To protect yourself from possible problems, you should know the list of products that may contain Benzapiren. The list includes smoked meats, cereals, various types of oil, canned food (for example, sprats), fatty meats and fish.

Benzapiren. Impact on the human body and the environment
Benzapiren. Influence on the body

Benzapirene has the ability to bioaccumulate - it can accumulate and thereby increase its negative effect on the human body. It accumulates in plants that absorb contaminated moisture from the soil, as well as in humans and animals.

As you know, Benzapiren moves along a simple food chain, while its concentration in each of its links increases significantly. This is due to the fact that at each stage this substance is delayed for some time, sufficient for its accumulation.

This hydrocarbon has properties such as mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Once in the gastrointestinal tract, it reaches the liver, where it is transformed - it turns into a very dangerous substance - dihydroxy epoxide.

Interacting with the cell genome, it leads to irreversible changes. As a result, the possibility of contracting cancer and the transmission of health problems at the genetic level to subsequent generations increases.

For the environment

Benzapirene is a big environmental problem. It accumulates in car exhaust, settles on soot, road dust, fills the surrounding area due to the wind and pollutes it.

Formed as a combustion product, Benzapirene enters the atmosphere and settles to the surface along with precipitation. As a result, there is quite a lot of it in the upper layers of the soil and on the surface of natural reservoirs.

It accumulates in large quantities near major highways, so walking in these areas, especially with children, is strictly prohibited. Since a child in a stroller is closer to the ground than an adult, he gets a high concentration of this hydrocarbon.

Smokers are also at risk, because cigarette smoke contains up to 0.05 mcg of Benzapirene, which is 15 thousand times more than the permissible concentration.

The presence of Benzapyrene in air, soil and food is a serious problem of our time. It is impossible to leave it unattended, it is fraught with big problems at the genetic level. Knowing its detrimental effect on the human body, the issue of ensuring the safety and health of the present and future generations should be resolved at the state level.

Video about Benzapiren

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