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Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, nutrition, treatment

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Content

  1. The reasons for the development of gastroduodenitis in children
  2. Types of disease
  3. Common signs
  4. Localization and nature of pain
  5. Diagnostics
  6. Treatment of gastroduodenitis in children in acute form
  7. Drugs
  8. Folk remedies
  9. Treatment of a child with chronicity of the process
  10. Nutrition for gastroduodenitis in a child
  11. Meal mode
  12. Allowed and Prohibited Products
  13. Sample menu for the day
  14. Complications, consequences of lack of treatment and diet
  15. Video about gastroduodenitis

Gastroduodenitis is an inflammatory disease, which affects the mucous membrane of the pylorus of the stomach and duodenum. Symptoms in children and adults depend on the degree of development of the disease and the boundaries of epithelial damage. The diagnosis and treatment of gastroduodenitis is carried out by a gastroenterologist. Timely and correctly selected therapy will help prevent the occurrence of unpleasant consequences and complications.

The reasons for the development of gastroduodenitis in children

In most cases, gastroduodenitis is diagnosed in children of preschool and school age. Adults rarely encounter pathology. The inflammatory process disrupts the functioning of the digestive organs, which is why pathological changes develop on the mucous membrane.

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There are numerous provoking factors against which the disease develops, they are divided into external and internal sources:Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment

Name Description
External causes
  • violation of a normal lifestyle;
  • unhealthy diet, strict diets;
  • bad habits (abuse of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products and drugs);
  • inhalation of harmful substances (heavy metals, acid, alkali);
  • the presence of the bacteria Helicobacter Pylori in the stomach and intestines;
  • long-term treatment with certain drugs (cardiac glycosides, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs);
  • psychological factors (depression, stress, emotional stress).
Internal
  • endocrine diseases;
  • damage to the autonomic central nervous system;
  • allergic reaction;
  • hormonal disorders;
  • pulmonary heart;
  • chronic circulatory disorders;
  • hematogenous gastritis;
  • chronic infections of the digestive system;
  • autoimmune disorders;
  • duodenogastric reflux;
  • insufficient amount of mucus produced in the stomach;
  • hereditary predisposition.
Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment

The main reason for the development of gastroduodenitis in children is malnutrition, namely the abuse of harmful products (chips, crackers, sweet soda).

Types of disease

In medicine, certain forms of gastroduodenitis are distinguished, taking into account the pathological changes that accompany the inflammatory process.

Name Description
Superficial gastroduodenitis The pathological condition is characterized by a slight inflammatory process on the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. At the same time, there are no erosion.
Erosive Pathological changes provoke the appearance of defects on the surface of the mucous epithelium (erosion).
Hypertrophic A pathological condition in which the structure of the mucous layer changes. The inflammatory process provokes the growth and thickening of the lining of the stomach and duodenum.
Atrophic Gastroduodenitis, in which the mucous membrane becomes thinner, the functioning of the glands is disrupted. The production of gastric juice and enzymes that support the digestion process are reduced.
Mixed A person is diagnosed with several forms of gastroduodenitis.

There is also duodenogastric reflux, which develops as a result of the ingress of bile from the duodenum into the stomach cavity. Each form of the disease is accompanied by characteristic clinical symptoms, with which it is important to immediately go to the hospital to a gastroenterologist and undergo a comprehensive examination. The treatment regimen and the effectiveness of the therapy depend on the results obtained.

Common signs

Symptoms of gastroduodenitis in children and adults depend on the strength of the inflammatory process, how much the mucous membrane of the digestive system is affected. In some situations, the symptomatology of the disease is different, taking into account the course of pathological changes.

Name Clinical signs
Acute gastroduodenitis
  • severe pain in the navel and in the stomach;
  • feeling of heaviness;
  • nausea and vomiting;
  • dizziness, general weakness in the body;
  • heartburn;
  • belching with air;
  • gas formation increases;
  • lethargy and drowsiness not associated with physical activity.
Chronic form
  • feeling of heaviness and overcrowding in the stomach;
  • aching pain syndrome on an empty stomach or after eating after a while;
  • heartburn;
  • nausea;
  • bitterness or metallic taste in the mouth;
  • severe pain on palpation;
  • the formation of white plaque on the tongue;
  • irritability;
  • fatigue;
  • sleep disturbance, insomnia;
  • weight loss with normal appetite;
  • change of constipation with diarrhea.
Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment
Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children

The chronic form of the disease is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. During the deterioration of the condition, the symptoms of pathology are pronounced.

Localization and nature of pain

Gastroduodenitis is accompanied by the main symptom - it is pain syndrome. In adults, it appears in the upper abdomen or in the stomach, duodenum. Children with gastroduodenitis complain of pain at the site of the navel or solar plexus. Given the localization of the clinical sign and its intensity, the gastroenterologist will be able to establish a preliminary diagnosis.

The nature of the pain Description
Hungry Appear in a person in the morning on an empty stomach. Discomfort disappears after a meal.
Night Pain syndrome appears 4-5 hours after the last meal at night. The discomfort disappears when the person eats.
Late Painful sensations appear when food moves into the duodenum. This happens 1-3 hours after the meal.

Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatmentNight and hunger pains bother a person if the area of ​​localization of the inflammatory process is the intestines. If the stomach is affected, later pains appear. Sometimes discomfort and discomfort provoke psycho-emotional or physical stress. In such a situation, the pathological condition continues for 2-3 hours continuously. Such pains take longer and harder to eliminate.

Diagnostics

The examination at the appearance of the first signs of gastroduodenitis is carried out in order to establish the exact diagnosis, determine the boundaries of the inflammatory process and the degree of damage to the digestive organs systems. Diagnostic measures are prescribed by a gastroenterologist after examining and interviewing the patient. The results of the examination will help not only to establish a diagnosis, but also to choose the most effective treatment.

Gastroduodenitis (symptoms in children depend on the degree of development of pathological processes) the following testing methods will help to confirm:

Name Description
Laboratory research
  • breath test, which allows you to establish the presence of Helicobacter Pylori;
  • stool analysis;
  • polymerase chain reaction (PCR);
  • general and biochemical blood test;
  • study of gastric juice;
  • biopsy of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum.
Instrumental diagnostics
  • antroduodenal manometry (the study is carried out in order to determine spasms in the duodenal region);
  • ultrasound (ultrasound helps to view other organs in the abdominal cavity and determine concomitant diseases);
  • intragastric pH-metry (the level of acidity of gastric juice is estimated);
  • fibrogastroduodenoscopy (the study helps to visually assess the condition of the mucous membrane in the stomach and duodenum).
Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment

It is important to correctly differentiate the disease, since many pathologies of the digestive system are accompanied by similar clinical symptoms.

Treatment of gastroduodenitis in children in acute form

Gastroduodenitis requires complex therapy. Medicines will help to cope with the inflammatory process. During the period of treatment, young patients should definitely adhere to a dietary diet. A specially formulated diet will reduce the stress on the digestive organs and inflamed mucous membranes. If there are no medical contraindications, you can use folk remedies, but as auxiliary methods and after consulting a gastroenterologist.

Drugs

The gastroenterologist selects medications for his patients on an individual basis, taking into account the results of the diagnostics performed. The patient's complaints and symptoms are also taken into account. Parents should strictly observe the dosage and give medications to children, adhering to medical recommendations.

Gastroduodenitis (symptoms in children increase gradually, as the disease progresses) is treated with the following drugs:

Drug group Name Application
Antacids Phosphalugel, Gastrofarm Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatmentMedicines relieve heartburn. The drug is taken in pure form and washed down with water, or previously diluted. Patients are prescribed 1-2 sachets 2-3 times a day. The medicine is recommended to be taken 30 minutes before meals.
Antibiotics Amoxicillin, Metronidazole Medicines are prescribed to patients when the bacteria Helicobacter Pylori is found in the stomach. The standard dosage of the drug is 500 mg 3 times a day.
Proton pump inhibitors Omeprazole, Nexium The drugs reduce the production of hydrochloric acid and reduce the acidity of gastric juice. The dosage for the patient is selected depending on the patient's condition and is 20-40 mg. The medicine is taken once a day for 2-8 weeks.
Gastroprotectors Actovegin, Solcoseryl Medicines accelerate the regeneration of the damaged mucous membrane. Increases the production of mucus, which protects the walls of the stomach and intestines. The drug should be swallowed and washed down with water. Patients are prescribed 1-2 pills 3 times a day. The treatment lasts 1-2 weeks.
Bismuth preparations Peptobismol, Novobismol The drugs eliminate inflammation and protect the walls of the stomach. The medicine is taken before meals 30 minutes. Patients are prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day. The therapy lasts 4-8 weeks.
Antispasmodics Buscopan, Gastrocepin Medicines eliminate severe pain syndrome. The therapeutic dosage is 1-2 tablets 3 times a day.
Enzymes Creon, Pancreatin The preparations contain pancreatic enzymes that are necessary to support the digestive process. The dosage depends on the patient's age and is 0.5-25,000 IU 3-4 times a day.

Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatmentDuring the period of treatment, children are categorically contraindicated in games and any actions that contribute to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure (jumping, jogging, lifting weights).

Folk remedies

Prescriptions of healers and healers are used in complex therapy, with drugs. It is impossible to eliminate the inflammatory process and get rid of the disease using natural ingredients alone. All recipes should be discussed with a doctor, since an allergic reaction or individual sensitivity in a child can always appear.

Effective folk remedies for gastroduodenitis:

Name Recipe Application
Aloe with honey Leaves of the plant (5 pcs.) Wash well, chop and squeeze the juice. Mix the resulting nectar with natural honey in equal proportions. The finished medicine is taken orally in 1 tsp. 3 times a day. Aloe reduces irritation of the mucous membrane, and honey restores the acidity of gastric juice.
Healing mixture Mix together 500 g of natural honey, chopped walnuts and ghee. Also add 500 g of finely grated carrots. Mix all components well, put in a glass container. Store the finished product in the refrigerator. The medicinal mixture should be taken orally before meals for 20 minutes. The recommended dosage is 1 tablespoon. The medicine is taken until the mixture is finished.
Mint Pour fresh or dry leaves of a plant (0.5 tbsp.) With hot water (1 l). Insist overnight, and strain in the morning.Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment Ready mint broth should be drunk 100 ml every morning on an empty stomach and 0.5 tbsp. before eating.

Gastroduodenitis in children and adults is also treated with medicinal herbs, on the basis of which a decoction is prepared (St. John's wort, yarrow, chamomile). But it's not worth choosing recipes on your own, you can provoke complications.

Treatment of a child with chronicity of the process

Acute gastroduodenitis is treated on average for 2-3 weeks. The chronic form of the disease requires an individual therapy regimen, since the disease is characterized by alternating relapses and remissions.

Proper nutrition, drug therapy and regimen will help prevent complications and exacerbation of the disease. The use of folk remedies is allowed if the child has no serious contraindications.

Nutrition for gastroduodenitis in a child

Gastroduodenitis (symptoms in children are a direct indication for medical diagnosis) in complex therapy requires patients to follow a specially prepared diet. A dietitian doctor will help you choose the menu. It is necessary to strictly adhere to the recommendations of a specialist in order to reduce the symptoms of gastroduodenitis and stop the progression of the inflammatory process.

Meal mode

Patients with gastroduodenitis should follow simple rules related to nutrition:

  1. All meals should be warm. Hot or cold foods must be completely eliminated.Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment
  2. Food should be finely chopped or chopped to a puree state.
  3. Observe a time interval of at least 2 hours between meals.
  4. You need to eat in small portions 5-6 times a day.
  5. In the evening there is the last time 2 hours before the night's rest.
  6. During a meal, chew food thoroughly, do not swallow large pieces of food.

Even after the end of therapy for gastroduodenitis, patients should follow a dietary diet for some time in order to prevent the likelihood of a relapse of the disease.

Allowed and Prohibited Products

The list of recommended and prohibited foods is selected for the patient by a nutritionist, taking into account all the features of the course of the inflammatory process.

Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment
Allowed Products Prohibited foods
  • cereals, cereals
  • low-fat broths on meat and fish
  • mushroom soup
  • steamed or oven cutlets
  • lean meat, fish
  • dairy
  • soft-boiled eggs, omelet
  • vegetables and fruits
  • dried bread, croutons
  • spices, herbs, seasonings
  • spicy, fried, fatty, smoked and pickled foods
  • alcoholic drinks
  • sweet soda
  • strong coffee, tea, cocoa
  • chocolate products, sweets
  • salted and canned foods
  • cabbage, onion, sorrel
  • rough vegetables and fruits

In the first week of therapy, patients should follow a strict dietary diet in order to reduce the symptoms of the disease. The expansion of the menu is slow and gradual in order to reduce the likelihood of repeated recurrence of the pathology.

Sample menu for the day

Gastroduodenitis (symptoms in children will help to identify the disease at an early stage of development) is treated with complex methods, among which proper nutrition is not the last.

An approximate menu for the day for a patient with gastroduodenitis:Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment

Name The diet
First breakfast
  • weak sweet tea;
  • cottage cheese casserole with dried fruits.
Lunch
  • fruit or vegetable puree.
Dinner
  • vegetable soup;
  • boiled lean fish;
  • steam meatballs;
  • stale bread;
  • fruit compote.
Afternoon snack
  • a small amount of milk or sweet kefir;
  • cracker.
Dinner
  • vegetable puree;
  • low-fat cottage cheese with sour cream and sugar;
  • fruit compote or rosehip decoction.

Before going to bed, patients are advised to consume yogurt or low-fat kefir.

Complications, consequences of lack of treatment and diet

In the absence of timely diagnosis and correctly selected therapy, a child with gastroduodenitis will have serious complications. We are talking about gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. In addition, a prolonged inflammatory process provokes the degeneration of the affected tissues of the mucous membrane. Against this background, the risk of developing stomach cancer increases.Gastroduodenitis. Symptoms in children, exacerbation, complications, treatment

A complication of gastroduodenitis in children and adults is also perforation of the walls of the digestive system. Pathological processes provoke the appearance of severe bleeding.

Timely diagnosis of gastroduodenitis in children and adults will help stop the progression of pathological processes. Due to the patient's symptoms, the gastroenterologist will prescribe a comprehensive examination, diagnose and select the most effective therapy regimen. It is impossible to get rid of the disease on your own, you cannot experiment especially with children, since complications can be provoked.

Video about gastroduodenitis

Gastroduodenitis in a child, symptoms and treatment methods:

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