Parasitosis. Symptoms in adults, children, how to treat

Parasitosis is a pathological condition, which is provoked by various parasites. We are talking about multicellular organisms with a complex life cycle. Parasites provoke various diseases, release toxins, damage cells, against which the characteristic symptoms appear in an adult. The diagnosis and treatment of parasitosis is carried out by a physician or infectious disease specialist. Timely and correctly selected therapy will prevent the development of complications.

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Parasitosis is the general name for several groups that include various multicellular organisms. A person can become infected with the following types of parasites:

Name	Description
Round worms	This group includes pinworms, nematodes, roundworms, toxocaras. Large parasites that often inhabit the organs of the digestive system. They form large tangles, resulting in intestinal obstruction. Treatment in this situation is one thing - it is surgery.
Tapeworms	Parasites, which are more often diagnosed in people who like to abuse meat with blood or raw fish. Tapeworms provoke allergic reactions, anemia and digestive disorders.
Suckers	Dangerous parasites that suck blood from the vessels of internal organs (liver, intestines, pancreas).
The simplest	This includes amoeba and giardia. Very small individuals of parasites that provoke serious complications in the human body (intestinal perforation, liver abscess).

The presence of parasites cannot be ignored, given that in most cases there is a vivid clinical picture. It is important to immediately go to the hospital and start treatment, since developing multicellular organisms can provoke life-threatening complications, up to and including death.

Symptoms and Signs

Parasitosis (symptoms in adults require a medical examination and consultation with an infectious disease doctor) is accompanied by specific clinical picture depending on the localization of pathogens and internal lesions organs. In some situations, parasites exacerbate chronic pathologies, so a person shows signs of this disease.

In most cases, parasitosis is accompanied by the following clinical symptoms:

• stool is disturbed, constipation is replaced by diarrhea;
• an allergic reaction occurs on the skin;
• worried about muscle pain;
• anemia develops;
• the person becomes nervous, agitated;
• sleep is disturbed, insomnia is present;
• there is a depressive state;
• chronic fatigue is present;
• blood circulation is disturbed;
• body temperature rises slightly;
• there is a sharp change in mood;
• worried about frequent headaches;
• taste preferences change;
• body weight decreases.

Against the background of active vital activity of parasites in humans, symptoms of intoxication appear (weakness, dizziness, nausea). Immunity also decreases, against the background of which concomitant diseases arise. In this situation, patients need advice from other specialized doctors.

Causes

Parasitic infection of the human body occurs when drinking dirty water, eating or swimming in water bodies, in contact with stray animals. More often, children encounter the disease, who use all kinds of methods to learn about the world around them. At the same time, simple rules of personal hygiene are not followed.

Infection with parasites occurs as a result of the following situations:

• abuse of fast food, in the preparation of which not all sellers observe basic hygiene rules;
• frequent contact with dirty and street animals;
• abuse of exotic dishes, for the preparation of which raw foods are often used;
• non-compliance with simple rules of personal hygiene;
• lack of protection when visiting places where there is a high risk of infection of the body.

Activation of pathological processes and active reproduction of parasites also occurs against the background of reduced immunity. Failure is provoked by numerous internal and external factors, including malnutrition, hypothermia, chronic diseases.

Diagnostics

Parasites can be in the human body for many years of life, deteriorating its quality. Often people attribute the present symptoms to fatigue after a hard day's work or unhealthy diet. Differential diagnostics will help to establish an accurate diagnosis and determine the type of pathogens of pathological processes.

Patients are assigned the following examination methods:

Name	Description
Stool analysis	In the test material, parasite eggs are detected.
Scraping	The examination is assigned to patients in order to identify pinworm eggs in the area of ​​the perianal folds.
Immunological studies	The patient's blood is examined for the presence of antibodies to parasites.
General blood analysis	The results of the study will show the development of anemia.
Duodenal intubation	Examination of the duodenum with the introduction of a special probe.
Ultrasound examination (ultrasound)	An informative diagnostic method, during which the internal organs (digestive system, pancreas, liver and gallbladder) are carefully examined.

It is important to differentiate the parasitic invasion of the human body, since many pathological changes are accompanied by similar clinical symptoms.

Treatment methods

Parasitosis (symptoms in adults appear as multicellular organisms actively reproduce) requires complex therapy, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient. A specialized specialist prescribes a comprehensive examination, based on the results of which he selects a treatment regimen for a person. Parasites negatively affect the immune system, which leads to a weakening of the defenses. Therefore, in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms, various methods are used.

Drug therapy

In the fight against various parasites, drugs are used, the active ingredients of which paralyze pathogenic microorganisms. Medicines are selected by a general practitioner, pediatrician or infectious disease specialist. It is important to adhere strictly to the prescribed dosages to reduce the likelihood of side effects. Patients are prescribed directly antiparasitic drugs. In some situations, symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Antiparasitic drugs:

Name	Application	Contraindications
Decaris	The medicine is recommended to be taken in the evening, washed down with a sufficient amount of water, after meals. The adult dosage is 150 mg as a single dose. If necessary, repeat the appointment after 7-14 days.	agranulocytosis; individual sensitivity to the drug; age up to 3 years; period of breastfeeding.
Nemozole	The drug should be taken orally, preferably with or after meals. Adult patients are prescribed 400 mg 1-2 times a day. Re-taking the medicine, if necessary, is carried out in a week.	diseases of the retina of the eye; hypersensitivity to components; pregnancy and breastfeeding period.
Vermox	The dosage of the drug and the regimen of therapy depends on the established diagnosis. In most cases, adult patients are prescribed 100 mg in the morning and evening for 3 days.	individual sensitivity to active substances; ulcerative colitis; Crohn's disease; liver failure; pregnancy and breastfeeding; children under 3 years old.

Many parasitic infections are treated in several stages. First, the preparation of the human body is carried out, then the parasites are directly removed and the last stage provides for the restoration of the impaired functions.

The following medications can help reduce the symptoms of parasitosis in adults:

Drug group	Name	Application
Enterosorbents	Smecta, Enterosgel	Medicines remove toxins from the human body and restore the functioning of the digestive system. Adult patients are advised to take 3 sachets per day. The powder should first be diluted in 0.5 tbsp. water. The course of treatment lasts 3-7 days.
Laxatives	Duphalac, Normase	Medicines have a mild laxative effect, cleanse the colon. Adult patients should take 15-45 ml per day. The syrup can be diluted with water, swallowed immediately, do not keep in the mouth.
Antiemetic medicines	Domperidone, Motilium	Medicines stimulate gastrointestinal motility. The dosage of the drug is selected for each patient individually. In most cases, patients are prescribed 20 mg 3-4 times a day.
Antispasmodics	Mebeverin, No-Shpa	Medicines relieve muscle spasms. The tablets should be taken orally and washed down with a sufficient amount of liquid. Adults are prescribed 100 mg 3-4 times a day.
Enzymes	Creon, Pancreatin	The capsules are taken with meals or immediately after a meal. It is important to drink the medicine with plenty of water, swallow it without chewing. The dosage for an adult depends on the established diagnosis and ranges from 25,000 to 80,000 U of lipase.
Hepatoprotectors	Ursosan, Silymarin	Medicines support the normal functioning of the liver. The tablets are taken orally, swallowed whole and washed down with a sufficient amount of water. It is preferable to take the medicine 2-3 times a day. The dosage for an adult depends on body weight and is 1-3 capsules. Treatment is long-term, at least 6 months.
Antihistamines	Zyrtek, Telfast	The tablets are best taken in the evening, as the symptoms of an allergic reaction intensify at this time. The adult dosage is 10 mg.
Probiotics	Enterol, Lactobacterin	Medicines restore beneficial intestinal microflora. Adult patients should take 1-2 capsules 2 times a day. The treatment lasts 7-10 days. It is better to take the medicine before meals for 1 hour and drink it with a sufficient amount of liquid.
Immunostimulants	Polyoxidonium, Likopid	Medicines are prescribed to patients to restore the functioning of the immune system if proper nutrition does not help to achieve a positive result. The adult dosage is 12 or 24 mg 1-3 times a day. The tablets are best taken before meals 30 minutes in advance. The treatment lasts 10-14 days.

Additionally, in case of parasitic infection of the body, patients are prescribed vitamin-mineral complexes (Vitrum, Alphabet). Medicines not only replenish the missing level of trace elements, but also increase the body's resistance.

Folk remedies

Comprehensive treatment of parasitosis involves the use of recipes by healers and healers, but strictly after consulting a doctor. Self-acting can lead to an allergic reaction or individual sensitivity.

Parasitosis (symptoms in adults will help determine the area of ​​localization of multicellular organisms) is treated with the following folk remedies:

Name	Recipe	Application
Tansy	Brew 2 tablespoons. dry herbs with hot water (1 tbsp.). Cover the container with a lid and leave for 1 hour. Strain and take according to the scheme.	The finished medicine is recommended to be taken orally before meals. The adult dosage is 0.5 tbsp. 3 times a day.
Horseradish	Grind 1 kg of washed horseradish root with a meat grinder. Fold the resulting mass into a glass container (3 l). Pour everything with warm boiled water and leave for 3 days. Strain and store in a cool place.	Ready horseradish tincture is recommended to be consumed internally. The adult dosage is 1 tablespoon. 3 times a day before meals. The course of treatment lasts 4-5 weeks.
Honey and plantain	The leaves of the plant must be collected during the flowering period. Wash and grind them well. Mix the resulting mass with natural honey in equal proportions until a homogeneous consistency is obtained. Place the medicine in a glass container and store in the refrigerator.	A mixture of honey with plantain is recommended to be consumed 3 times a day for 1 tbsp. before meals in 30 minutes. The treatment lasts 30 days.
Herbal collection	Mix in equal proportions eucalyptus, St. John's wort, cloves, tansy, yarrow and thyme. Grind all components and pour 2 tbsp. hot water (350 ml). Put the resulting mass on fire and heat for another 5-7 minutes. Cool and drain.	The finished medicine for adults should be taken in 0.5 tbsp. 3 times a day before meals. The course of treatment lasts 12 days. Then you need to take a break for a week and continue therapy.

To strengthen the immune system, it is recommended to use decoctions based on thyme, lemongrass, leuzea. You need to understand that it is impossible to remove parasites from the body with folk remedies alone. Treatment is carried out in a complex with the use of medications.

Diet

Many parasites in the human body are found in the stomach or intestines. For this reason, complex therapy involves adherence to the diet. It is necessary to exclude from the menu all products that contribute to the development of the life cycle of pathogens in favor of healthy dishes.

Featured Products	Prohibited foods
dairy fruits and vegetables eggs cheeses natural fruit juices greens sour berries whole grain bread, bran, cereals olive and natural butter light vegetable soups nuts, seeds baked and boiled potatoes lean meats	fatty, fried and salty foods spices, seasonings fatty pork, lard alcoholic drinks sweet soda sweets and chocolates strong tea and coffee fast food, convenience foods canned food smoked meats, sausages yeast baked goods dried fruits rice, pasta

It is important for parasitosis to eat fractionally, in small portions 5-6 times a day, preferably the dishes should be grated. It is necessary to observe the drinking regime. The liquid will help to remove toxins and waste products of parasites from the body. You can drink green tea, fruit drinks, herbal teas, brew rose hips.

Clinical guidelines

Parasitosis (symptoms in adults require the consultation of a physician or infectious disease specialist) must be treated comprehensively, while strictly observing simple rules to help prevent secondary relapse of the disease:

1. Thoroughly and be sure to wash your hands before eating and after using the toilet. The same goes for outdoors and contact with animals.
2. Drink only boiled water, which has undergone heat treatment.
3. Wash raw vegetables and fruits thoroughly before eating.
4. Change bedding periodically, damp the room and ventilate the room.

It is important to follow these recommendations not only during the elimination of parasites from the body. Throughout life, you need to remember and follow simple rules of personal hygiene. Parasites enter the human body through alimentary and contact-household routes, the danger is present everywhere.

Possible consequences and complications

Lack of timely diagnosis and correctly selected therapy will lead to the progressive development of parasites in the human body.

At the same time, the symptoms of the pathological condition intensify, serious complications appear:

Name	Description
Gastroduodenitis	A pathological condition in which an inflammatory process develops on the surface of the mucous membrane of the duodenum and stomach.
Bronchial asthma	Chronic damage to the airways, in which there is a narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi.
Cholecystitis	The disease is characterized by an inflammatory process in the gallbladder region.

For children, parasitic infection of the body is dangerous because with a decrease in the immune system, the risk of infection with other bacterial or viral diseases increases. Many pathologies develop latently and become chronic, the treatment is long and difficult.

Parasitosis is not dangerous to human life if you go to the hospital in a timely manner and undergo an examination. Adults are advised to visit a general practitioner or infectious disease specialist when the first symptoms of a pathological condition appear. Comprehensive diagnostics will help to exclude or confirm parasitic infection. If you refuse treatment, there is a risk of serious complications.

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