Atropine eye drops. Price, instructions, reviews, analogues

Russia produces eye drops Atropine sulfate, which are used as a diagnostic and prophylactic drug in ophthalmology. The low price and its availability make the product indispensable in the CIS market. The existing analogues of the drug have a high cost, which favorably distinguishes the Russian development.

Release form

Atropine - eye drops, the price of which is low due to domestic production. The medicine is produced in 5 ml vials with a dropper cap. This is due to the low consumption of the drug for treatment and diagnosis. In rare cases, doctors recommend a larger dose of these eye drops than 1 package.

The drug is a colorless and transparent liquid, its slight staining is allowed. The product is sold in a small cardboard box, inside which there is a leaflet with instructions. The bottle is made of glass. A rubber stopper closes the neck of the container; additionally, it is rolled in with an aluminum cap. The dropper cap is made of high quality polyethylene.

Composition of the preparation

Atropine - eye drops (the price already includes packaging and a dropper cap), which, in addition to the active ingredient, consist of excipients:

• Distilled water - no more than 1 mg.
• Sodium chloride - 7.8 mg.
• Sodium metabisulfite (sodium disulfide) - 0.1 mg.

Directly atropine sulfate itself is 10 mg in 1 ml. These indicators are taken from a standard vial from a pharmacy, with a capacity of 5 ml.

Pharmacological properties

Atropine - eye drops (the price of the product differs slightly depending on the region of sale), which easily penetrate through the conjunctiva, the upper membrane of the eye. In the anterior chamber, under the action of the drug, the outflow of fluid begins to undergo a change.

At the same time, the ciliary muscle is displaced into this part of the eyeball, which performs the function of fixing the lens. This is facilitated by muscle relaxation. All these processes lead to an increase in intraocular pressure. In a person without deviations in health, this will not be something dangerous, but in patients with some types of glaucoma there is a possibility of its exacerbation.

Tertiary natural amines include a blocker of m-cholinergic receptors. It is assumed that atropine interacts equally with 3 subtypes of muscaline acetylcholine receptors. The substance has the ability to act on peripheral and central m-cholinergic receptors.

Atropine has pharmacological actions:

• Reduces the secretion of various glands. For example, bronchial, sweat and salivary.
• It becomes the cause of accommodation paralysis and mydriasis.
• Reduces the activity of smooth muscles in internal organs. The urinary bladder, bronchi, urethra, and organs of the digestive tract are also affected.
• Reduces the amount of tear moisture.
• Reduces the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.

However, the pancreas and bile secretion are practically not influenced. If atropine is used in moderate therapeutic doses, then its effect will be moderately stimulating. The central unequal system will only be subject to long-term sedation.

If the dose of the drug is higher than the norm and is toxic, then the drug may be the cause of the occurrence:

• Unrest.
• Unconsciousness.
• Excitation.
• Delusional visions.

Atropine lowers the activity of the vagus nerve, which is the cause of azotemia of heart muscle frequencies (with small changes in blood pressure), as well as an increase in conduction in the His ligament. For the purpose of therapy, the drug will not have a significant effect on the peripheral vessels, but the blood channels will expand when the dosage is exceeded.

For ophthalmic purposes, when applied topically by dripping into the eye, the pupil takes on its largest size after half an hour. The parameters return to their original state after 10 days or 1 week. Such a gap in time depends on the individual characteristics of a person.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Atropine - eye drops (the price per bottle is on average 55 rubles), which are easily absorbed through the conjunctival membrane. If the substance is administered systemically, then it spreads throughout the body, passes through the blood-brain barrier. Within 50 minutes, a high concentration of the substance in the central nervous system is achieved. The substance has a volume of distribution of 1 to 6 l / kg. It has a moderate connection with plasma proteins. Plasma clearance is 8 ml / min / kg. It is known that the agent can pass through the placenta, even in breast milk, traces of it are found.

Atropine enters the gastrointestinal tract due to the ingestion of eye drops, which enter the nasopharynx through the lacrimal canal. It is excreted from the body unchanged through the urinary tract (up to 60% of the drug). The remaining 40% of the drug leaves in the form of converted products of conjugation and hydrolysis.

Indications for use

Dynamic indicators of atropine are used to activate accommodation paralysis, as well as to increase the size of the pupil.

This is necessary in order to:

• Create rest for the eyeball in case of visual ailments of an inflammatory nature. These include keratitis, iritis, choroiditis, iridocyclitis.
• Provide peace of mind in case of retinal nodular artery convulsions and embolism.
• Conduct a study of the fundus of the eyeball.
• Determine the true refraction of the eyes.

The purpose of consumption is for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. It can also be used for ophthalmological purposes in the complex therapy of ailments of the uveal tract and inflammatory processes of the iris.

Contraindications

Do not use the drug for persons who have an acute sensitivity to excipients of the drug and atropine sulfate. The drug is contraindicated in the presence of angle-closure glaucoma or in people at risk for its development. You can not use the medicine for keratoconus, posterior and anterior synechia.

At what age can the drug be used?

The minimum threshold from which it is allowed to use Atropine eye drops is 7 years. If the use of the drug cannot be avoided at an earlier age, then it is prescribed in small concentrations, below 1%.

Instructions for use, dosage

The drug should be used only under the strict supervision of a medical specialist and only following his recommendations. The standard regimen for an adult is the instillation of the drug into each eye, 1-2 drops for no more than 3 days a day with an interval of at least 6 hours.

Detailed instructions for using this medicinal product:

• For the purpose of premedication, adults are injected from 400 to 600 mcg 60 minutes before anesthesia or anesthesia. For children, the dosage is reduced to 10 μg / kg.
• Using electrophoresis through the eyeball or using an eye cuvette, a weak solution of 0.5% is injected from the anode.
• For subconjunctival administration, a 0.1% solution is used in a volume of 0.2 to 0.5 ml. For the parabulbar method, the minimum volume of the substance is increased to 0.3 ml.
• For use by children under 7 years of age, the solution is used in the following concentrations: 0.5%, 0.25% or 0.125%.

The doctor, based on patient data, may prescribe other dosages and methods of using the drug.

Side effects

Third-party effects caused by taking the drug are divided into local and systemic.

The first will include:

• Accommodation paralysis.
• Hyperemia of the skin of the eyelids.
• Strengthening indicators of intraocular pressure.
• Swelling of the conjunctiva, eyelids and eyeball.
• Hyperemia.
• Tingling sensation in the eyeball.
• Mydriasis.
• Photophobia.

The second include:

• Hallucinations.
• Dry mouth.
• Excitation.
• Vomiting and nausea.
• Single and frequent constipation.
• Decreased bronchial secretion.
• Ambiguity of consciousness.
• Atony of the bladder.
• Dizziness.
• Tachycardia.
• Ataxia.
• Headaches.
• Violation of tactile perception.

Sometimes, patients may experience an allergic reaction. It manifests itself in the form of contact dermatitis, skin rash, and in rare cases, anaphylactic shock.

If the described adverse reactions or other deviations in health have occurred, then it is worth stopping the use of Atropine and seeking medical help from a health care institution. If this is not possible, it is necessary to call a specialist at home.

Overdose

In case of an overdose with Atropine, there is a risk of systemic anticholinergic effects. These include disorders of the central nervous system, as well as cardiovascular failures. You may experience reactions from the list of side effects.

special instructions

The drug should be used with caution by persons with the following diseases:

• Paralytic ileus.
• Ischemic malaise of the heart muscle.
• Hyperthermia.
• Arrhythmia.
• Renal or hepatic impairment.
• Abdominal atony and obstructive diseases.
• Mitral stenosis.
• Myasthenia gravis.
• Reflux esophagitis.
• Toxic megacolon.
• Arterial hypertension.
• Ulcerative colitis.
• Explicit urinary retention associated with prostatic hyperplasia.
• Hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm.

People over the age of forty are at risk of undiagnosed glaucoma. For women carrying children, as well as mothers who are breastfeeding, the drug is prescribed by a medical specialist based on the patient's individual health indicators. In this case, the doctor must assess whether the benefit of the drug outweighs the potential risk for the intrauterine development of the fetus or newborn.

This feature of the use of atropine is associated with the unspecified safety of the drug for this category of patients. If the drug is used by pregnant women shortly before the onset of labor, then the fetus has a risk of tachycardia.

During the period of using atropine, persons who drive vehicles should refrain from this type of action. The same is recommended for people who are engaged in hazardous types of work. For example, the scope of their occupation involves the use of increased concentration of attention, clear vision and good speed of psychomotor reflexes.

The prescription of the drug in preschool children is practiced with extreme caution if they have chronic lung disease. You should also carefully use Atropine for people with brain defects, babies with cerebral palsy and Down syndrome. In their case, an increase in the reaction to anticholinergic substances is possible.

Special instructions also include:

• Before instilling the product in the eyes, it is worth removing contact lenses, if the patient is wearing them.
• In order to avoid the penetration of the solution into the nasopharynx, when instilling the drug, press on the lower lacrimal apex.
• To reduce the risk of developing one of the systemic side effects, during the introduction of the solution into conjunctival sac, it is necessary to lightly press the tip of the finger on the area of ​​the epicenter of the lacrimal sacs near inner corner of the century. You need to press within 1-2 minutes after instillation. This will avoid absorption of the substance through the nasal mucosa, and, as a result, the occurrence of side effects.
• You should not use atropine in cases where the body temperature is significantly increased. There is a risk of its increase.
• The iris with intense pigmentation has the greatest resistance to dilatation. To achieve the greatest medicinal effect from the agent, the frequency or concentration of the solution can be increased. In this case, do not worry - an overdose of mydriatics does not threaten.

Each individual case of morbidity is carefully studied by a medical worker, with the obligatory reading of the patient's epicrisis. Only on the basis of all the data about the patient, the question of the appointment of the drug and its dosage is decided.

Drug interactions

Compatibility of atropine and other drugs:

Name	Consequences
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and quinidine	Risk of rhythm disturbance.
Guanethidine	The hyposecretory action from the use of atropine decreases.
Nitrates	Increased risk of increased rates of intraocular hypertension.
Phenothiazines, quinidine, tricyclic antidepressants, amantadine, or other drugs with m-anticholinergic effects.	There is a high risk of side effects from atropine.
Novocainamide	Summation of the anticholinergic effect.
Sympathomimetics	Strengthening the action of the drug.
M-cholinomimetic	Weakens the effect of the drug.
Procainamide	The anticholinergic effect of atropine sulfate is increased.
Antacids with calcium carbonate and aluminum in the composition.	The excretion of atropine sulfate from the gastrointestinal tract is reduced.

If atropine has to be applied topically (as an ointment or eye drops) simultaneously with other drugs, then an interval of 15 minutes between instillation must be observed. In this case, the creamy product is used last.

If other drugs (antacids, for example) contain calcium carbonate or aluminum, then the time difference between taking medications should be at least 60 minutes. In situations where atropine is administered parabulbar or subconjunctivally, the patient must be placed in the oral cavity, under the tongue, validol. This will help reduce tachycardia. Direct use of Atropine lowers the saturation of levodopa in blood plasma.

Analogs

In the absence of Atropine eye drops on sale, or if there are other reasons for the impossibility of using this drug, the doctor may prescribe its analogue.

Modern pharmaceuticals offer the following options:

Analog name	The country of manufacture	Price in rub.
Fotil 2%	Finland	150
Taftolan 0.0015%	745
Oftan timolol 0.5%	54
Fotil forte 4%	200
Irifrin 2.5%	India.	525
Midrimax	599
Prolatan 0.005%	300
Bimatan 0.03%	471
Pilocarpine 1%	Russia	41
Phenicamide	606
Timolol-akos 0.25%	23
Phenylephrine optic 2.5%	273
Dorzolamide-Solofarm 20 mg / ml	336
Betaxolol 0.5%	92
Betoptic 0.5%	France	341
Azarga	500
Arutimol 2.5 mg / ml	44
Trusopt 2%	179
Dorzopt plus	Romania	690
Alphagan solution 0.15%	USA	501
Azopt 1%	Belgium	234
Xalacom 2.5 ml	396

It should be borne in mind that Atropine is available not only as eye drops, but also as a solution for injection. Therefore, it is important not to confuse these 2 completely different means. Also, it is worth considering the volume of the drug. Some manufacturers are moving away from the standard 5 ml bottle volume, and release 10 ml containers. Also, before buying analogs, you should make sure of the quality of the packaging. Considering that the drug is eye drops, the shape of the container must be equipped with a dropper nozzle. If the bottle does not have this, then for the convenience of using the solution, you will need to additionally purchase a pipette.

Terms, conditions of sale and storage

The manufacturer has set an expiration date of 3 years from the date of manufacture. After opening the container, it can be stored for no more than 2 weeks. It is necessary to put the drug in a place protected from sunlight. The container must be tightly closed so that air does not get into the solution. It is dispensed from the pharmacy only with a prescription from a doctor.

Price

Atropine - budget cost eye drops. The price for a bottle of 1% solution with a capacity of 5 ml varies from 52 to 58 rubles.

Each pharmacy chain sets its own markup for the drug, because of this there is no single cost. It is necessary to use Atropine eye drops strictly according to the instructions and only on the recommendation of the attending specialist. Neglecting these tips can lead to health problems in the form of side effects. When the agent causes a feeling of discomfort, it is necessary to contact a health care institution, even if the use of drops has been agreed with the attending physician.

Video about Atropine drops

Atropine drops in the treatment of myopia: