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Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

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Content

  1. Indications for the use of antibiotics for pancreatitis
  2. What medications can be used for pancreatitis?
  3. How to choose the right medication for an exacerbation?
  4. Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation
  5. Augmentin
  6. Ampiox
  7. Cefotaxime
  8. Sumamed
  9. Oleandomycin
  10. Azithromycin
  11. Doxycycline
  12. Abaktal
  13. Video about the treatment of pancreatitis

Antibiotics with pancreatitis of the pancreas are prescribed not only for exacerbation. Medicines are used in courses, so they are taken after the relief of the attack. But antibiotic therapy is always accompanied by additional means to restore the intestinal microflora.

Indications for the use of antibiotics for pancreatitis

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas are used more often during an exacerbation, when the patient's condition worsens, the inflammation intensifies, and the infection joins. They are not used without strong necessity, since they destroy not only harmful, but also beneficial microflora and differ in side effects.

Antibiotics are prescribed for pain that even strong analgesics cannot cope with. This indicates that the reason is not only inflammation, but also the addition of a bacterial infection. As a result, pathogenic microorganisms multiply rapidly, their waste products poison the body.

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Severe nausea begins, the temperature rises to critical values. The work of the kidneys and the respiratory system is impaired. With the help of bacteria, inflammation from the pancreas can spread to other organs. It becomes impossible to cope with the infection without antibiotics.

Therefore, they are assigned when:

  • acute form of pancreatitis;
  • the appearance of abscesses, sepsis;
  • the inability to stop pain even with strong drugs;
  • the appearance of symptoms indicating the addition of a bacterial infection;
  • the development of complications - necrosis of the pancreatic tissues, the formation of cysts, cholangitis;
  • ruptured pancreatic duct;
  • the simultaneous presence of cholecystitis.Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

Antibiotics are prescribed if the inflammation of the pancreas is caused by dyskinesia of the biliary tract, which provokes stagnation of bile, the formation of calculi. The stones block the ducts, and the bacterial infection freely enters the pancreas. Also, antibacterial drugs are needed if the patient's condition has worsened and he ends up in a hospital.

What medications can be used for pancreatitis?

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas during an exacerbation are not prescribed immediately, these are minor remedies. First comes standard therapy - to unload the organ, reduce its activity, eliminate pain, spasms and reduce inflammation. But, for example, with infected pancreatic necrosis, the use of antibacterial agents is mandatory.

Standard therapy regimen:

Group of drugs Name Action, application features
NSAIDs
  • Piroxicam;
  • Meloxicam;
  • Diclofenac.
Instead of analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are usually prescribed, since they have a wider spectrum of action. They stop not only pain, but also reduce inflammation.
Analgesics
  • Baralgin;
  • Analgin;
  • Paracetamol.
They are prescribed to relieve pain. But if they arose as a result of an increase in pressure in the ducts of the gland, they will be ineffective.
Antispasmodics
  • No-Shpa;
  • Atropine;
  • Drotaverin;
  • Spazmolgon;
  • Mebeverine.
They not only relieve muscle spasms, but also reduce pain. Available for oral administration and injection.
Fermentative
  • Creon;
  • Mezim Forte.
Disruption of the pancreas causes a malfunction in the production of enzymes. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain them from the outside. At the same time, it helps to relieve the organ, give it a rest, which reduces inflammation. With an exacerbation of pancreatitis, antienzyme drugs are prescribed. They are given for the first 5 days after the inflammation. Enzymes are not taken in case of acute pain, this can lead to vascular occlusion, necrosis.
Antacids
  • Almagel;
  • Phosphalugel.
They are necessary to lower the pH in the stomach; liquid preparations are preferred.
Antisecretory and H2 blockers,

proton pump inhibitors

  • Ranitidine;
  • Famotidine.
  • Omeprazole;
  • Lansoprazole;
  • Pantoprazole.
Reduces stomach acidity and hydrochloric acid production.
To normalize the intestinal microflora
  • Bifiform;
  • Linex;
  • Lactobacterin.
Such drugs must be paired when prescribing antibiotics, which destroy the beneficial microflora, and lacto- and bifidobacteria restore it.
Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation
Antibiotics for pancreatitis

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas during exacerbation are selected depending on the patient's condition. If it allows you to take medications orally, then tablets and capsules are prescribed (for example, Augmentin, Ampiox, Amoxiclav). When the patient is in serious condition, then they resort to intramuscular or intravenous injections or the administration of drugs using droppers.

For example, these drugs include:

  • Ampicillin;
  • Tymentin;
  • Ceftriaxone;
  • Hepacef;
  • Cefotaxime;
  • Tetracycline;
  • Doxycycline.

Many drugs are produced in several forms at once (for example, Abaktal, Oleandomycin, Sumamed). This is the best choice, since injections are made for only 2-3 days, and then the patient is transferred to oral administration.

How to choose the right medication for an exacerbation?

During an exacerbation of pancreatitis, only a doctor can choose the right drugs. But with attacks, you need to go to hunger. If exacerbations have already occurred before, and therapy was prescribed, then in the first-aid kit you need to have NSAIDs, analgesics, antispasmodics - to relieve pain, spasms, inflammation. In order to avoid complications, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor or call an ambulance.

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas during exacerbation are selected depending on the cause of the inflammation, its stage. Preference is given to drugs with a wide spectrum of action that destroy most types of pathogenic microorganisms. During an exacerbation, antibiotics are administered intravenously or intramuscularly. However, you cannot select an antibacterial agent on your own, some can only be drunk during remission.

The indication of acute pancreatitis is not always prescribed in the antibiotic instructions. They are selected depending on the cause of the inflammation and the sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms to the drug.

Bacterial pancreatitis is usually caused by Proteus, Escherichia coli, Clostridia and other anaerobic organisms of the microflora. Also, staphylococci, streptococci can provoke or intensify inflammation, which is characteristic of reduced immunity. But at the same time, the presence of anaerobic bacteria is not excluded.

Therefore, if necessary, the use of antibiotics is chosen from drugs with a wide spectrum of action, covering as many pathogens as possible. These include most penicillins (eg, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin). But many bacteria have already lost their sensitivity to them, producing an enzyme that interferes with the action of this group of antibiotics. Therefore, preference is given to drugs of the latest generation with the addition of additional components (for example, Amoxiclav, Ampiox, Augmentin).Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

Antibiotics of the cephalosporin group (Hepacef, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone) are inactive against many bacteria, but most of the drugs can be injected, which speeds up the result and increases the effectiveness therapy. In addition, they are more effective for severe infectious complications. Therefore, in such cases, cephalosporins are preferred.

Macrolides have a similar effect. Drugs in this group are produced mainly in tablets and capsules, but there are also powders and solution for injection (for example, Oleandomycin, Sumamed). Macrolides have fewer side effects, are active against bacteria that are insensitive to cephalosporins and penicillins. In case of intolerance to these antibiotics, Sumamed, Oleandomycin, Azithromycin are prescribed.

But more often with an exacerbation, antibacterial drugs of the tetracycline group are used. Basically, Doxycycline is prescribed, which does not destroy bacteria, but prevents their multiplication. It is also effective against clostridia, most cocci, chlamydia and Escherichia coli. But Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus are resistant to Doxycycline.

With a weak infectious lesion, new antibacterial drugs can be used. For example, Rifampicin, which prevents the growth of bacteria. In large doses, it is active against clostridia, Escherichia coli, Proteus and cocci. With purulent and severe inflammation, drugs from the fluoroquinolone group are chosen. The most effective is Abaktal.

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas during exacerbation are selected depending on the cause of the development of inflammation or the type of pathogenic microorganisms. They must be susceptible to the drug. From antibiotics, drugs from different groups can be prescribed.

Augmentin

The active ingredients are amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Release form - in tablets and powder for suspension or injections. The drug belongs to the group of penicillins. It is used to treat infections (including mixed ones). The dosage is set individually, depending on age, degree of infection, current diseases and prescribed drugs.

The standard dose for adults with mild to moderate inflammation is 500 mg / day, 2-3 times, in severe cases, 500-1000 mg three times a day. But the maximum daily dose should ideally not exceed 1500 mg. The course of treatment is 7-14 days.Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

Contraindications - intolerance to the components of the drug, hepatitis, liver disease, hypersensitivity to penicillins. To reduce the negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract, the drug in tablets is taken with meals. A stepwise scheme of application is possible - first by injection, then orally.

Augmentin is not recommended to be taken together with Probenicid, and together with allopurinol - the risk of allergic reactions increases. Analogs of the drug - Teraklav, Klavamitin, Medoklav.

Ampiox

The active ingredients are ampicillin and oxacillin. Release form - capsules and powder. The drug belongs to the group of semi-synthetic penicillins. It can be prescribed for pancreatitis in the acute stage. The dosage is set individually, depending on age, current diseases, prescribed drugs.

Capsules are taken in 2-4 pieces, four times a day. The maximum dose is 4 g. The course of treatment is 7-14 days. Powder is used for injection by dissolving it in saline. Single dose for intramuscular injection - 0.5-1 g, 4 times / day, with an interval of 6-8 hours. The course of treatment is 5-7 days.

Contraindications - intolerance to the components of the drug, lymphocytic leukemia, infectious mononucleosis. Ampiox is not recommended to be taken together with glucosamine, laxatives, antacids. This slows down absorption. Conversely, it is enhanced by ascorbic acid.

The synergistic effect occurs when interacting with Rifampicin, Vancomycin, aminoglycosides and cephalosporins, and the antagonistic one - with:

  • macrolides;
  • tetracyclines;
  • sulfonamides;
  • lincosamides;
  • chloramphenicol.

Ampiox enhances the effect of anticoagulants and reduces oral contraceptives. With the simultaneous administration of allopurinol, the risk of a rash increases. Ampiox's analogs are Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin.

Cefotaxime

The active ingredient is cefotaxime. Release form - in powder for preparation of injections. It is a semi-synthetic antibiotic, part of the third generation cephalosporin group. The drug is active against bacteria resistant to penicillins, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides.

Dosage for adults - 1-2 g injections with an interval of -12 hours. To do this, 1 g of powder is diluted in 4 ml of water, novocaine or lidocaine. The drug is administered slowly - within 3-5 minutes. The injections are quite painful.

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation
Cefotaxime

Contraindications - bleeding, pregnancy, previous enterocolitis or individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

Simultaneous reception of Cefotaxime with antiplatelet agents and NSAIDs can provoke bleeding. You can not mix the drug with other drugs in the same syringe (except for lidocaine and novocaine). Analogs of Cefotaxime - Cefabol, Cefosin, Claforan.

Sumamed

The active ingredient is azithromycin dihydrate. Release form - in tablets, capsules and powder for suspension preparation. The drug is a broad spectrum of action, included in the group of macrolides. The indication for use is a bacterial infection.

Tablets are taken at 500 mg, once a day, in a course of 3 days. If they are difficult to swallow, then you can take the drug in the form of a suspension. With an exacerbation of pancreatitis, the dosage may be revised.

Contraindications - sensitivity to drug components, ketolides, erythromycin and macrolides. Sumamed should not be taken for severe kidney and liver diseases. With caution, it is prescribed for myasthenia gravis, heart failure, bradycardia. Sumamed is not recommended to be taken together with ergotamine and dihydroergotamine. Analogs - Zomax, Azicin, Azitrox.

Oleandomycin

The chemical composition of the drug is similar to Erythromycin. Release form - tablets, capsules and powder. The drug belongs to the group of azalides and macrolides. It is used to treat bacterial infections.

Oleandomycin is taken after meals, 0.25-6 g per day, 4-6 times. The maximum dosage is 2 g. The course of treatment is 5-7 days. With exacerbation of pancreatitis, the dosage can be changed.Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

Contraindications - history of hepatitis, severe liver failure, allergy to macrolides.

Oleandomycin is recommended to be taken together with other antibiotics - sulfonamides and tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, nystatin. But the greatest effect is achieved when combined with nitrofurans, novobiocin. Analogs - Oletetrin, Oleandomycin phosphate.

Azithromycin

The active ingredient is azithromycin dihydrate. Release form - in tablets, capsules and powder for suspension preparation. The drug is a broad spectrum of action, included in the group of azalides and macrolides.

The standard dose for adults is a tablet (500 g) 1 time per day, one hour before meals or two hours after meals. The course of treatment is 3-5 days.

Contraindications - intolerance to the components of the drug and drugs of the macrolide group, with severe pathologies of the liver, kidneys.

With the simultaneous use of Azithromycin with ethanol, food and antacids, the effectiveness of the drug decreases. In combination with warfarin, the anticoagulant effect is enhanced. Azithromycin does not interact with Digoxin, Theophylline and Carbamazepine.

It can be taken with caution with Terfenadine. The effectiveness of Azithromycin is increased in combination with tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Analogs - Zitrolide, Sumamed, Hemomycin.

Doxycycline

The active ingredient is doxycycline hyclate. Release form - in tablets, capsules and ampoules with a solution. The drug belongs to the tetracyclines group. It is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic. Unlike other drugs in this group, it has a minimal negative effect on the intestines, but it is absorbed better and acts more efficiently due to its high antibacterial activity. Therefore, it can be administered in smaller amounts.Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

The standard treatment regimen is 200 mg once on the first day. In subsequent dosages, the dosage may be reduced to 100 mg. With severe development of the infectious process, it remains 200 mg once a day, with exacerbations - twice 100 mg or 300 mg once. If the solution (100 mg) is administered intravenously, then with an interval of 12 hours, in combination with 3rd generation cephalosporins. The course of treatment is 7-14 days.

Indications - any infectious processes. Contraindications - intolerance to the components of the drug, hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, pregnancy. Also, Doxycycline is not prescribed for porphyria, a severe form of liver failure.

If necessary, it can be combined with Clindamycin or Gentamycin. Doxycycline should not be combined with sodium bicarbonate preparations, antacids based on magnesium, aluminum and calcium, and laxatives. When taken simultaneously with barbiturates, phenytoin or rifampicin, the elimination period is reduced.

The combination of Doxycycline with Retinol provokes an increase in intracranial pressure, and with Methoxyflurane leads to acute kidney failure and death. Analogs - Unidox Solutab, Dovitsil, Doxipan.

Abaktal

The active ingredient is pefloxacin. Release form - in tablets and ampoules with a solution. The drug belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones. It is used to treat any infections, even if the patient is immunocompromised.

The drug is taken with meals. The daily dosage is 400 mg, 2 times. The interval between doses should be 12 hours. In some infectious processes, Abaktal is prescribed once, at 400-800 mg. The solution from the ampoules is diluted in glucose and injected into a vein very slowly. In severe infectious processes, the dosage is 800 mg once, then twice 400 mg, with an interval of 12 hours. The course of treatment is selected individually.

Contraindications - lactose intolerance, allergy to drugs from a number of quinolones, hemolytic anemia. It is prescribed with caution in case of impaired blood circulation in the brain, epilepsy, atherosclerosis. Also contraindications include renal and hepatic failure.Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas with exacerbation

The combination of Abaktal with aminoglycosides, Fosfomycin, Rifampicin gives a synergistic effect. The combination of cyclosporine increases the concentration of creatinine in the blood. Antagonism is observed in combination with Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline. The liquid from the ampoules should not be diluted with physiological saline. Analogs - Unicpef, Peflacin, Peloks-400.

Antibiotics for pancreatitis of the pancreas, even with an exacerbation, are not always prescribed. More often only with a severe form of inflammation, the addition of an infection. If necessary, choose from a wide spectrum of drugs of the latest generations. Such drugs have a minimal number of side effects and are safer.

Video about the treatment of pancreatitis

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