Sputum in the bronchi. How to get rid of an adult, medications

Normally, there is no phlegm in the throat., and there is mucus in the trachea, which protects them from dust particles and bacteria, having a bactericidal property. With various pathologies of the respiratory system, its production in the bronchi increases and causes discomfort. There are many ways to get rid of this symptom, from physical therapy to medication.

What is sputum

The pathological substance produced by the trachea and bronchi is called sputum. Often, its appearance is accompanied by a cough, but in some cases, increased secretion may be without coughing. For example, in the morning there is a feeling of congestion in the throat with mucus. This is a symptom of chronic inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx. A thick secret accumulates during sleep, flowing down the back wall.

When coughing, a mucous substance is secreted - sputum. Mucus is present inside the bronchi and in healthy people. It protects against the penetration of harmful substances into the lungs. With an increase in the amount of discharge, as well as if pus and other impurities are present in them, then in this case they speak of the appearance of wet discharge. They can be different, depending on the density, volume, smell, color.

Sputum in the bronchi (you can get rid of it in different ways, having previously determined its type) has several varieties.

Types of bronchial pathological mucus:

• Green phlegm. It is a sign of inflammatory pathologies of the respiratory system, provoked by an infection of a bacterial or viral nature, or resulting from an allergic reaction. Mucus of a dense consistency with a greenish tinge is a sign of purulent congestion in the lungs.
• Sputum interspersed with blood. It can be either a sign of light bleeding from the capillary vessels of the bronchi that burst during coughing, which does not pose a threat to health, or a symptom of a serious pathology. The presence of blood in the sputum should cause alarm if the symptom is observed for several days, or the amount of blood discharge increases. Blood in the mucus can come from the nasopharynx, bleeding gums, or tonsils.
• Difficult sputum. Often appears with acute respiratory infections in people who, due to the nature of their activity, have to inhale polluted air or with congestion in the lungs. It is difficult to clear the airways of excessively dense, viscous mucous secretion, as a result, it accumulates inside the bronchi, causing a constant cough.
• The phlegm is yellow. Indicates the presence of pus in a secret. Often this is a symptom of untreated bronchitis, or the transition of pathology to a chronic stage. If you do not diagnose and start treatment in a timely manner, the discharge may turn green, which is a sign of the formation of pus.
• The phlegm is purulent. A symptom of the development of stagnant processes inside the lungs. It is difficult for the bronchi to clear mucus that accumulates. The presence of such sputum requires antibiotic therapy.
• White phlegm. It is often observed with pneumonia. In the case when the secret is released in lumps or has a curd consistency, this is a clear sign that pneumonia is triggered by a fungal infection. In such a situation, antibiotic treatment is ineffective: antifungal therapy is needed.
• Black phlegm. Such discharge is observed in miners, construction workers and other people whose professional activities are associated with the inhalation of polluted air. In the presence of such sputum, it is taken for research in order to exclude the development of pathology.
• Gray sputum. It is often observed in respiratory pathologies in people whose occupation is associated with inhalation of dust, as well as in smokers.
• Pink phlegm. It is evidence of the presence of a small volume of blood in the mucus. The cause of the occurrence is bursting capillaries as a result of severe coughing attacks. When such mucus is released, the condition must be monitored. If, after 3 days, the symptom has not passed, or the secret acquires an intense red hue, you should immediately consult a doctor.
• Red phlegm. The shade indicates the presence of blood impurities in the mucus. It can be hemoptysis, which is observed with serious pulmonary pathologies. This condition is extremely dangerous not only for health, but also for life, therefore it requires urgent help from a specialist. In rare cases, the appearance of this symptom can provoke the intake of certain medications.
• Transparent sputum. The most harmless type of mucous discharge. This is a symptom of an incipient respiratory illness that has not yet been complicated. It is at this stage that pathology can be cured quickly and without complications. However, if the mucus has a viscous, "glassy" structure - this is a symptom of bronchial asthma. In this case, a doctor's consultation is necessary.
• Foamy sputum. Allocations occur with diseases that are dangerous to health and life and require immediate specialist advice.
• Thick mucus. Often occurs when mucus stagnates in the lungs, as well as when a dry cough turns into a wet one. In order to liquefy mucous secretions, special medications and chest massage are used. During treatment, it is recommended to drink a lot of alkaline warm liquid.

  

Determining the type of pathological mucus is essential in diagnosis. Having determined the type of sputum, you can preliminarily make a diagnosis. To obtain a more accurate picture, the discharge is analyzed.

Methods for coughing up sputum

Sputum in the bronchi (it is important to get rid of an unpleasant symptom, since its accumulation will contribute to the progression of inflammation) can cause the development of bronchial obstruction. Restoration of the patency of the bronial tree is possible only under the condition of normal coughing up of pathological mucous secretions. There are several methods to help the phlegm flow out and the airways are emptied.

Physiotherapy

Exercise therapy techniques to stimulate the coughing up of sputum include breathing exercises and ensuring the required level of physical activity. Workouts should be done daily and include exercises for the upper limb girdle and chest muscles.

It is important during classes to adhere to certain rules that will increase efficiency:

• breathe only through the nose;
• three-phase breathing (inhale, exhale, pause);
• exhalation should be longer than inhalation;
• breathing should be as full as possible.

This will help breathing exercises:

• Breathing with the mouth half closed. Inhale as deeply as possible and exhale slowly through the mouth. Exercise 5 times in a row.
• Noisy exhalation. Inhale deeply and blow out the air as if on a mirror.

These breathing techniques are aimed at training the respiratory muscles. Perform at least 2 approaches 3 times a day.

Physical activity

To maintain sufficient mobility of the respiratory muscles, it is necessary to regularly perform a set of simple exercises and ensure the correct body position. This will not only strengthen the body as a whole, but will also stimulate discharge.

To do this, it is recommended to follow the following recommendations for body position:

• It is not recommended to lie on your back.
• Change your posture as often as possible.
• Lie on your stomach or so as to improve breathing ability.
• Do not take a reclining position, lifting the upper body. This increases the likelihood of pressure ulcers forming. During rest, it is recommended to take a horizontal position and sit on a chair.

Continue to carry out daily activities in full, while monitoring your health. If there is a feeling of anxiety and anxiety, it is recommended to lie down and relax in order to restore the normal functioning of the muscles of the respiratory system. Moderate physical activity is also shown.

Point self-massage

Sputum causes discomfort, and its accumulation in the bronchi often causes complications of the pathology, of which it is a symptom. The impact on biologically active points will improve blood circulation, metabolic processes and nutrition of tissues and cells, get rid of pathological secretions, and also eliminate pain in sternum.

The manipulations can be performed independently, since the massage does not require additional instruments. In combination with traditional methods, massage shows the greatest effect.

Acupressure massage is most effective at the initial stage of the disease, when the symptoms are not yet pronounced. The procedure allows you to prevent the likelihood of side effects, as well as stop the progression of the disease.

Daily sessions for 5 minutes. relieve the symptoms of inflammation and have a beneficial effect on well-being in general.

The areas where the points are located are characterized by low electrical resistance of the skin, as well as a high pain threshold and temperature.

To stimulate sputum discharge, it is recommended to independently stimulate 2 points located:

• between the thumb and forefinger on the back of the hand;
• in the center of the jugular notch of the sternum.

The duration of stimulation should not exceed 10 minutes.

The procedures are performed in several ways:

• Press on the point for 3-5 seconds, providing a constant impact. Then gradually release the pressure.
• With repeated pressing for 5-6 sec. the initial exposure is performed. After that, the pressure is stopped, while the finger is not removed, then the stimulation is resumed. This manipulation is repeated in at least 3 approaches.
• Pressing simultaneously with two thumbs. With this method, contact is made with the outer edge or tips of the nails. The massage is carried out with thumbs placed one on top of the other. This method is used to target points in areas of high muscle mass.

The other fingers are also used during the massage. For example, under the eye sockets, the action is carried out simultaneously with 2-3 fingers. To cover a large area, massage is performed with the palm of your hand. This method is suitable for the back. The skin over the point is grasped with three fingers by pinching.

During acupressure, not only the correct technique is important, but also the techniques of execution. The duration of the procedure is 10 minutes. In most cases, it is enough to click on the points several times for several seconds. During the manipulation, the person should not feel discomfort or soreness. If unpleasant sensations arise, the manipulation must be stopped.

Acupressure massage has certain contraindications:

• autoimmune pathologies and oncology;
• blood diseases and varicose veins;
• fever;
• any inflammation;
• damage to the skin, as well as the presence of abscesses, warts, moles in the place where the points are located;
• hypertension and hypotension;
• hepatic, renal and heart failure;
• exacerbation of pathologies.

When performing acupressure, it is allowed to use various essential oils that can enhance the effect. However, they are not recommended for use with a tendency to allergic reactions to components.

Before starting a massage, you need to consult a specialist. The doctor will determine how effective the procedure will be in stimulating sputum discharge, and will also show the technique for performing it. It is not recommended to press excessively on the vital points, since such an effect can provoke a deterioration in the patient's condition. Massage movements should be gentle and gentle.

Medications

Sputum in the bronchi (drug therapy will help get rid of this unpleasant symptom) requires treatment. First of all, taking medications is aimed at reducing the viscosity and volume of secretions, and normalizing the functioning of the respiratory system. The drugs target mucus-producing glands in the airways to reduce overproduction.

Modern mucoactive agents are represented by proteolytic enzymes, preparations based on the amino acid cysteine ​​and visicine derivatives.

To stimulate the discharge of pathological secretions, a Lazolvan reception is prescribed. It contains ambroxol hydrochloride, which enhances the production of pulmonary surfactant, increases motor activity cilia of the ciliated epithelium, reduces its viscosity, promotes sputum liquefaction, provoking mobility and outflow of bronchial mucus. All this improves the discharge of secretions and helps to relieve productive cough.

Lazolvan is available in different forms: syrup, lozenges, capsules, tablets, oral solution and inhalation. This allows you to choose the optimal form for treatment, depending on the age of the patient and his individual characteristics.

Inhalation is one of the methods of treating pathologies of the respiratory system, which are accompanied by the appearance of sputum. This method allows the drug to be delivered directly to the organ, covering a large surface of the respiratory tract mucosa. This makes the therapy more effective. The goal of inhalation treatment is to maximize the local therapeutic effect with minimal manifestations of side effects.

Delivery of Lazolvan to the respiratory tract is a physiological and natural way to moisturize the mucous membrane. Inhalation is recommended to be performed at least 2 times a day. The drug is diluted in a 1: 1 ratio with isotonic sodium chloride solution, which will improve the hydration of the respiratory tract. To increase the effective liquefaction and discharge of sputum, a drinking regimen should be observed.

What if the phlegm does not come off?

Sputum in the bronchi (getting rid of this unpleasant symptom is important, since thick mucus interferes with normal breathing) is the body's response to the disorder, therefore, all efforts must be directed towards its elimination. For this, it is important to take measures that provoke sputum discharge.

In case of a difficult process, it is recommended to take the following actions:

• Drink plenty of warm liquid. Water dilutes abnormal discharge, making it easier to pass.
• Provide room air humidification. Dry air in the room causes the larynx to dry out. This makes it harder to cough up thick mucus.
• Take mucolytics (thinning phlegm) and expectorant drugs, as well as inhalation. When treating with medicines, it is strictly forbidden to self-medicate. Before taking the product, you should consult your doctor.
• Drink herbal infusions and consume fresh ginger.
• Perform drainage exercises.

  

The appearance of sputum in most cases is a symptom of a disease in the bronchi. Complex treatment, by acting on the main causes of excessive production of pathological mucus, will get rid of discomfort. For more effective therapy, antibacterial, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs are used.

Video on the treatment of sputum in the lungs

How to clear your lungs: