Psychotropic drugs - This is a separate group of drugs, the action of which is aimed at curing nervous disorders and helping the psyche to cope with various loads. The composition of such medicines contains potent components that are addictive with prolonged use.
That is why only a psychotherapist or a neurologist should select a medicine, so as not to harm a person whose psyche is already unstable. Most of the drugs are sold only with the permission of a doctor, but there are also those that can be bought without a prescription.
Record content:
- 1 Classification
-
2 Top 10 drugs from the pharmacy
- 2.1 Diazepam
- 2.2 Imipramine
- 2.3 Bethol
- 2.4 Piracetam
- 2.5 Sonapax
- 2.6 Atarax
- 2.7 Fluoxetine
- 2.8 Valocordin
- 2.9 Stimuloton
- 2.10 Pantogam
- 3 Video about psychotropic drugs
Classification
OTC psychotropic drugs are medications that have a direct effect on the mental function of the brain. Depending on the direction of their action, all drugs in this group are divided into several types. All of them and their characteristics are described in the table below.
| Classification | Characteristic | Drugs |
| Nootropics | These drugs have a direct effect on the functions of the central nervous system, increase activity of neurons, improve the propagation of nerve impulses, maintains brain metabolism in the absence of oxygen. | Piracetam, Ginkgo biloba |
| Tranquilizers | These medicines are recommended for taking when you feel anxiety and fear, have a calming effect. | Elenium, Bromazepam |
| Sedatives | These medicines have a suppressive effect on the excited nervous system. | Corvalol, Bromural, Valocordin |
| Antipsychotics | They are recommended to be taken if the patient is in a state of psychosis. | Clozapine, Risperidone |
| Antidepressants | They have a sedative effect on anxiety and normalize nervous activity. | Mianserin, Melipramine |
Top 10 drugs from the pharmacy
Over-the-counter psychotropic drugs will help modern people to better adapt to survival conditions. Overwork, constant rudeness and rudeness of others, a busy work schedule are factors that negatively affect the function of the nervous system.
People with an unstable psyche simply cannot do without additional help, and special medications play its role. Their choice is great, but it is better if the selection is carried out by a specialist, since many of them have a number of contraindications and undesirable manifestations.
Diazepam
This drug belongs to the group of benzodiazepine tranquilizers. The medicine has a pronounced hypnotic, sedative and muscle relaxant effect. The tablets, in this form, the drug is produced, reduce anxiety and anxiety.
The main component of the drug is the substance of the same name.
Prescribe a medicine for:
- psychomotor agitation;
- alcoholic psychosis;
- depressive psychosis;
- neurotic ailments with increased muscle tone;
- sleep disturbance;
- spastic conditions.
The dosage in each case is selected individually. The standard adult dose is no more than 60 mg per day. The course is set for each patient individually, depending on the complexity of the course of the disease.
You can not take pills if the patient has the following problems:
- malfunctions of the liver and kidneys;
- chronic hypercapnia;
- the most severe form of myasthenia gravis;
- pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- special sensitivity to components.
For children, the drug is prescribed in difficult cases when there is a serious risk to the health of the baby.
If you violate the doctor's prescriptions and exceed the prescribed dose, then undesirable manifestations may develop:
- decrease in pressure;
- decreased libido;
- bearing a fetus;
- lactation.
Psychotropic drugs without a prescription can be purchased at any pharmacy for 200 rubles.
Imipramine
This is one of the drugs belonging to the group of tricyclic antidepressants. This medicine was created in the middle of the last century and is still used to treat depressive conditions.
The main component is the substance of the same name. It is thanks to him that the tablets, in this form, the drug is produced, has a thymoleptic, antidisuric, antidepressant and psychostimulating effect.
Prescribe a medicine in such cases:
- depression of various origins;
- psychopathy and neuroses;
- panic disorder;
- children with urinary incontinence;
- as a comprehensive treatment for people suffering from chronic pain.
Only a specialist should prescribe the medication, he also selects the dosage. The standard dose is 25-50 mg 4 times a day, for children from 6 to 12 children, the dose should not exceed 60 mg per day. The tablets are taken orally, for the duration set individually.
The drug is not recommended for admission:
- if there are violations of the organs of the hematopoietic system;
- with kidney and liver failure;
- after a heart attack;
- glaucoma;
- hyperplasia of the prostate gland;
- while carrying a baby;
- breastfeeding;
- with atony of the bladder;
- allergies to other types of antidepressants.
If the recommendations are not followed, undesirable symptoms may occur:
- tremor;
- insomnia;
- fears;
- tachycardia;
- arrhythmia;
- dry mucous membranes;
- constipation;
- problems with urination;
- rashes on the skin;
- noise in ears.
A psychotropic drug can be purchased at any pharmacy without a prescription from the attending physician for 350 rubles.
Bethol
It is a selective reverse acting MAO inhibitor. Its mechanism is based on inhibition of a specific enzyme monoamine oxidase, increases the level of neurotransmitter monoamines in the central nervous system and enhances the effects of phenamine.
The main component of the drug is the substance of the same name. The drug is prescribed mainly for the treatment of depressive conditions, which are accompanied by various kinds of phobias, panic, fear and hypochondria.
Prescribe a medication in such cases:
- depression;
- alcohol addiction;
- asthenosubdepressive syndrome;
- neurosis;
- insomnia;
- asthenosubdepressive syndrome.
They take the medicine, produced in tablet form, up to 2 times a day, 50 mg each. The dosage is gradually increased to 400 mg per day. In order not to provoke the development of insomnia, the second dose is carried out no later than 6 hours before going to bed. On average, the duration of treatment is 25 days.
Do not prescribe a medicine if a person has an intolerance to the components from the composition, with acute forms of kidney and liver ailments, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, hypnotic or narcotic poisoning means.
If the dosage established by a specialist is not observed, the following undesirable symptoms may develop: allergies, decreased blood pressure, heaviness in the head, anxiety, headache.
You can buy the medicine freely at the pharmacy for 300 rubles.
Piracetam
This is a nootropic agent that contains a substance of the same name. Macrogol, croscarmellose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate act as additional components. Such a properly selected composition has a positive effect on metabolic processes in the body and on blood flow.
The medicine increases the utilization of glucose, improves metabolic processes, and normalizes blood circulation in ischemic zones.
Helps to improve the functioning of the brain, protects it from various kinds of damage, such as intoxication, hypoxia and others.
It is recommended to take the tablet form of the drug up to 160 mg per kg of body weight, divided into 4 doses. The course is on average 2 months.
The drug is recommended in such cases:
- memory impairment;
- brain injury;
- depressive conditions;
- disorder of the nervous system;
- learning disabilities in children.
Do not take the drug if:
- the patient has suffered a stroke;
- there is severe kidney failure;
- special sensitivity to the main component.
If the recommendations are not followed, undesirable symptoms may appear: discomfort in the peritoneum, agitation, irritation, weakness, tremor, sleep disturbance. You can freely purchase the medication at any pharmacy for 50 rubles.
Sonapax
It is an antipsychotic drug from the group of neuroleptics. The main component in it is thioridazine, which has a direct effect on the central and peripheral nervous system. The drug has tranquilizing, antidepressant, antiemetic and antipruritic properties.
Recommended medicine for taking at:
- schizophrenia;
- mental disorders;
- psychomotor agitation;
- neuroses;
- children's mental disorders.
The duration of therapy and dosage are selected depending on the diagnosis. The average dosage is 50 mg three times a day. The recommended dose for children is 500 mcg per 1 kg of body weight.
Despite the good efficacy of the drug in the treatment of mental and nervous system disorders, it should not be prescribed if the patient has:
- severe depression;
- coma;
- arrhythmia;
- age less than 4 years;
- liver failure;
- lactase deficiency;
- blood diseases.
Failure to follow the doctor's recommendations can provoke the appearance of such symptoms: fainting, confusion, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, increased appetite, allergies, dermatitis, leukopenia and others.
Psychotropic drugs without a prescription can be purchased for 300 rubles.
Atarax
This drug is from the group of tranquilizers, which includes hydroxyzine hydrochloride in its composition. It is this substance that endows the drug with sedative properties, easily fights against anxiety and phobias.
The medicine is recommended for use against mental disorders in adults and children. Also, the remedy has a positive effect during the relief of anxiety, psychomotor agitation, increased irritability, neurological and psychosomatic diseases.
Children from 6 years of age and adults are allowed to take the medicine at 1 mg per 1 kg of body weight, divided into three doses. The duration of therapy is determined by the specialist on an individual basis.
It is not recommended to take the medicine in such cases:
- carrying a baby;
- lactation;
- porphyria;
- intolerance to the components.
Failure to follow the recommendations can provoke the appearance of unwanted symptoms:
- delay in urination;
- drowsiness;
- constipation;
- tremor;
- convulsions;
- tachycardia;
- allergy;
- bronchospasm.
The medicine can be purchased for 270 rubles.
Fluoxetine
It is one of the most popular mild antidepressants. Its popularity is connected with that. That it is freely available in pharmacies and has a minimum of undesirable manifestations.
The main active ingredient in it is fluoxetine, and the additional components are talc, starch, lactose, sugar, titanium and calcium compounds. The drug belongs to the category of selective blockers of neuronal serotonin uptake.
That is why it is often used in the treatment of depression, as well as in such pathological conditions:
- any degree of depression;
- recurrent disorder;
- bipolar disorder;
- bulimia nervosa;
- schizophrenia with symptoms of depression;
- alcohol addiction;
- organic affective disorder.
Take the drug for the treatment of depression at 20 mg per day. It is recommended to take in the morning as it has a stimulating effect.
You can not take the medicine in tablet form, and it is in this form that it is produced, in such conditions:
- BPH;
- bladder atony;
- high intraocular pressure;
- kidney failure;
- intolerance to the components of the composition;
- diabetes;
- epilepsy.
Failure to comply with the dosage and an increase in the course can cause a decrease in libido. The medicine will cost an average of 30 rubles. per packing.
Valocordin
This drug is presented in several forms, tablets are often recommended for the treatment of neurological ailments of various etiologies.
The tablet contains the following components:
- doxylamine succinate;
- sodium bicarbonate;
- lemon acid;
- sodium hydrogen phosphate;
- sodium sulfate;
- sodium benzoate;
- macrogol.
The active ingredient has a blocking effect of ethanolamine receptors, providing a sedative and hypnotic effect.
Prescribe a medicine for such ailments:
- neuroses of various etiologies;
- mental disorders;
- asthenic syndrome;
- stressful situations;
- itchy skin.
A single dose per day is 15-25 mg. The duration of therapy is set individually for each patient, depending on the complexity of the course of the disease.
The drug is contraindicated in such conditions:
- sensitivity to components from the composition;
- glaucoma;
- degeneration of prostate tissue;
- problems with urination;
- adolescents and children under 15;
- lactation.
If the dose is exceeded, an allergic reaction, a decrease in pressure, tachycardia, bronchospasm, dryness of the oral mucosa, constipation, and diarrhea may occur. The average cost of the drug varies within 50 rubles.
Stimuloton
This is a drug from the group of antidepressants, which is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. The main component of the drug is sertraline, and the additional components: hyprolose, magnesium stearate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, microcrystalline cellulose.
It is thanks to the correct and balanced composition that the medicine is recommended for admission with:
- depressive state of various etiologies;
- panic disorder;
- stressful situations;
- obsessive-compulsive disorder.
The drug is taken once a day, 50 mg or better in the morning. The duration of therapy is on average a week. Do not take the drug in conjunction with MAO inhibitors, while carrying a baby and breastfeeding, under 18 years of age, hypersensitivity to the components of the composition.
Failure to comply with the recommendations can provoke the development of such symptoms:
- decreased appetite;
- aggressiveness;
- drowsiness;
- fast fatiguability;
- headache;
- tremor;
- anorexia;
- decrease in pressure;
- visual impairment;
- hyperemia of the skin.
The cost of the medicine in the form of tablets is 350 rubles.
Pantogam
This drug has a nootropic and anticonvulsant effect, increases the brain's resistance to hypoxia and aggressive effects toxins, activates anabolic processes in neurons, combines sedative and stimulating effects, reduces motor excitability.
Its main component is the substance of the same name and calcium hopantenate. Additional components: methylcellulose, calcium stearate, magnesium hydroxycarbonate.
Indications for admission include the following conditions:
- cognitive disruptions in disorders of the nervous system;
- extrapyramidal ailments;
- cerebrovascular insufficiency;
- prevention and therapy of extrapyramidal syndrome;
- epilepsy;
- mental stress;
- neurogenic changes;
- children from 3 years old with encephalopathy;
- organic cerebral insufficiency.
The daily dosage for an adult is 1500-3000 mg, and for a child from 3 years old, 750-3000 mg. Reception is carried out half an hour after a meal. Duration of treatment is 1-6 months.
You can not prescribe a medicine to children under 3 years old, women while breastfeeding a baby and carrying a fetus. Failure to comply with the recommendations and self-increase in dosage can provoke unwanted manifestations: allergies, noise in the head, insomnia. Pantogam tablets can be purchased at any pharmacy for 550 rubles.
Psychotropic drugs are the most effective drugs that help the nervous system to withstand serious stress, provoked by stress, overwork.
But a specialist should prescribe the medicine, since most of the drugs are sold by prescription and have a lot of contraindications and undesirable manifestations. And there are medications sold without the permission of the doctor, and they give a good effect for problems with nervous disorders.
Video about psychotropic drugs
Over-the-counter antidepressants: