In ophthalmology, the Dexa-Gentamicin eye ointment, which is prescribed to combat pathologies of the visual apparatus, has received great demand. The drug contains a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which relieves inflammatory foci and helps to cope with allergy symptoms.
After the first application, the active substance penetrates into the conjunctiva and the upper layer of the cornea. The contained gentamicin sulfate helps eliminate various types of pathogens.
The active substance freely penetrates into the anterior chamber of the eye, the vitreous body, but does not enter the patient's bloodstream (if the mucous membrane and epithelium are not seriously damaged). In the tissues of the visual apparatus, the components of the ointment remain for 6 hours.
Record content:
- 1 Forms of release and composition of the drug
- 2 Pharmacological properties
- 3 Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
- 4 Indications for use
- 5 Contraindications
- 6 At what age can eye ointment be used?
- 7 Instructions for use, dosage
- 8 Side effects
- 9 Overdose
- 10 special instructions
- 11 Drug interactions
- 12 Analogs
- 13 Terms, conditions of sale and storage
- 14 Price
- 15 Video about eye ointments
Forms of release and composition of the drug
"Dexa-Gentamicin" is an eye ointment that has powerful anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. This remedy is used only in ophthalmology. The drug is manufactured by a large German pharmaceutical company. You can buy the medicine in the form of eye drops and ointment.
The drops have a transparent consistency without a characteristic odor and sediment. 1 ml of the drug contains 1 mg of dexamethasone and 5 mg of gentamicin sulfate.
The following are used as auxiliary substances:
- Potassium phosphate.
- Sodium chloride.
- Injection water.
- Potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The medication in the form of an ointment is sold in a tube onto which a plastic cap is screwed. The drug is packed in a cardboard box along with instructions. The volume of the tube is 2.5 g. The active ingredients of the drug are dexamethasone and gentamicin sulfate. Used as auxiliary substances: refined paraffin, lanolin and medical petroleum jelly.
The involved auxiliary components affect the uniform distribution of the antibiotic and glucocorticosteroid in the inflamed mucous membrane. After using the product, a thin film forms on the treated area, which protects the visual apparatus from re-infection.
Pharmacological properties
"Dexa-Gentamicin" is an eye ointment that belongs to aminoglycosides. The active components of the drug are highly effective in the fight against various pathogenic microorganisms that can provoke inflammation of the visual apparatus.
The ointment is used only in ophthalmology. The tool helps to eliminate inflammatory foci, as well as cope with the symptoms of an allergic reaction.
The therapeutic efficacy of the drug is based on the pharmacological properties of the active ingredients present in the composition. Gentamicin easily penetrates bacterial cell membranes by binding to ribosomes. Inhibition and subsequent death of infectious agents is achieved due to inhibition of protein biosynthesis.
Dexamethasone, which is part of the ointment, is a glucocorticosteroid, which has diverse therapeutic properties:
- Immunosuppressive. Dexamethasone inhibits the proliferation of lymphocytes, and also stops the release of cytokines.
- Elimination of foci of inflammation. It is dexamethasone that prevents the synthesis of inflammatory mediators from arachidonic acid. Glucocorticosteroid initiates the formation of lipocortins, and also reduces the degree of capillary permeability.
- Antiallergic. Dexamethasone reduces the rate of histamine release from basophils as well as mast cells. After penetrating into the tissues of the visual apparatus, the glucocorticosteroid changes the body's immune response, and also reduces the sensitivity of effector cells to allergy mediators.
After the completed therapeutic course, the patient can achieve relief of the inflammatory focus. The intensity of the manifestation of itching of the skin and swelling of tissues decreases, painful sensations are eliminated, and the rate of regeneration of damaged tissues also increases.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
"Dexa-Gentamicin" is an eye ointment that contains gentamicin sulfate. The antibacterial agent involved belongs to the aminoglycoside group. The drug has a pronounced bactericidal effect, due to which it can be used to combat gram-positive / gram-negative bacteria.
The components of the drug freely penetrate into the conjunctiva and cornea, but the maximum concentration of the drug is recorded in the humid environment of the visual apparatus. With mechanical damage or inflammatory damage to the mucous membrane of the eye, the intensity of the spread of the pathological process increases rapidly.
Indications for use
Before prescribing a medicinal ointment, the ophthalmologist must conduct a full examination of the patient, which consists not only of a visual inspection, but also the delivery of a special analysis to determine the variety infections.
The drug has a positive effect on the human body, which is why it is prescribed for the following diseases and conditions:
- Keratitis.
- Blepharitis
- The development of the inflammatory process during the rehabilitation period after surgery.
- Allergy that has arisen against the background of the development of pathogenic bacteria in the anterior part of the visual apparatus.
- Conjunctivitis.
The described ophthalmic drug is used to prevent complications that often develop after surgical removal of cataracts, as well as in glaucoma.
Contraindications
Not in all cases the drug "Dexa-Gentamicin" has a positive effect on the patient's condition.
It is forbidden to use eye ointment in the presence of the following diseases and conditions:
- Individual intolerance to the components of the drug.
- Dysfunction of the visual apparatus against the background of chickenpox.
- Keratitis caused by Hrpes zoster bacteria.
- Long-term use of contact lenses.
- Diseases of fungal etiology.
- Ulcerative lesions of the surface of the eye.
- The first 3 months of pregnancy.
- Intraocular pressure surges.
- Corneal epitheliopathy.
- Acute and chronic forms of pathologies of the visual apparatus.
It is forbidden to use Dexa-Gentamicin for the treatment of children, as well as during the period of breastfeeding of the child.
At what age can eye ointment be used?
The drug is not used in pediatrics. You can use the ointment only from the age of 18. This is due to the fact that in medical practice there is no information about the effectiveness and safety of the use of this medication in the treatment of children.
Instructions for use, dosage
Ophthalmologists recommend that their patients apply the ointment up to 3 times a day. The duration of therapy is 2 weeks. The dosage for elderly patients and the frequency of use are not adjusted unless there are good reasons for this. A thin strip of the drug 1 cm long must be placed in the lower conjunctival cavity.
When used simultaneously with several medications, for more effective treatment diseases of the visual apparatus, the medicine must be carefully placed into the conjunctival cavity after 20 min. after using another drug. When applying the ointment, the patient needs to make sure that the tube does not come into contact with the mucous membrane or skin.
Side effects
"Dexa-Gentamicin" is an effective eye ointment, which is well tolerated by patients in 98% of all cases. If the dosage is not adhered to, the patient may experience adverse reactions, which are manifested by a decrease visual acuity, which is why it is better to give up driving and difficult mechanisms.
In isolated cases, treatment may be accompanied by allergic reactions to the components of the drug, discomfort in the eye, severe itching.
The following side effects are also possible:
- Development of the pathology of the cornea of the eye.
- Skin rashes.
- Bacterial-type infections.
- Keratitis.
- Damage to the visual apparatus by fungal infections.
- Sensation of a foreign body in the eye.
- Intraocular pressure surges.
After placing a small strip of ointment in the conjunctival cavity, the patient may experience painful sensations, redness of the skin around the eyes is not excluded. With prolonged use of the medication, glaucoma and cataracts can develop.
Overdose is practically excluded, but the drug is recommended to be used only in accordance with the attached annotation.
It is possible to aggravate the pathology of the visual apparatus only if the rules of personal hygiene are not followed. When undergoing a therapeutic course, ophthalmologists do not recommend using shared towels, bed linen.
With an increase in intraocular pressure, it is necessary to stop using the ointment and replace it with a more suitable analogue. Long-term use of a computer or telephone can increase the intensity of the manifestation of adverse reactions.
Self-medication is strictly prohibited, as the state of health may worsen against the background of intolerance to the components of the selected the drug, as well as due to the inconsistency of the drug with those bacteria and fungi that provoked the development of visual diseases apparatus.
Only an ophthalmologist can choose an effective medicine after a thorough examination of the patient. In case of adverse reactions, the patient should stop using the ointment and seek qualified help from the hospital.
Overdose
With the correct use of "Dexa-Gentamicin", an overdose is practically excluded. If the drug fell into the hands of the child, and he used it inside, then you need to rinse the stomach and give a good adsorbent, without waiting for the development of adverse reactions.
If a patient develops headaches, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, or if the body temperature rises, an ambulance should be called. In such a situation, symptomatic treatment is indicated.
special instructions
For the period of treatment, the patient should refuse contact lenses. If this is not possible, then it is recommended to remove them before each pawning of the medication. Contact optics can be used only after 30 minutes. With the development of systemic or local reactions, the patient should stop using the ointment and consult an ophthalmologist for qualified advice.
Means "Dexa-Gentamicin" may temporarily impair the clarity of visual perception. This effect does not last long, but it can cause a slowdown in psychomotor-type reactions. Due to this principle of action of the drug, it cannot be used by those who work in critical areas or drive a vehicle.
The medication is incompatible with alcoholic beverages. If the patient decides to drink alcohol during the treatment period, then the resistance of pathogens to the drug will increase. A deterioration in well-being is possible. After treatment of barley, conjunctivitis, local systemic manifestations are possible, which can manifest as lacrimation, redness and dryness of the mucous membranes of the eyes, skin rashes, swelling of the eyelids, strong itching.
It is forbidden to use "Dexa-Gentamicin" for the first 3 months of pregnancy. From the second trimester, the drug can be used, but only after consultation with the gynecologist.
Laboratory studies on the effect of the components of the medicinal product on the body of a woman and a child in the period of breastfeeding was not carried out, which is why it is better to refuse the use of the described medication.
Drug interactions
Dexa-Gentamicin is an eye ointment that, in combination with atropine and cholinergic drugs, increases the risk of intraocular pressure.
When applied externally, gentamicin must not be combined with amphotericin B, cloxacillin, and sulfadiazine. Otherwise, the risk of accumulation of precipitates in the conjunctival cavity increases.
Simultaneous use with other antibacterial drugs is fraught with the deposition of fibrin, pigment epithelium, leukocytes, as well as other cells in the posterior surface of the cornea and conjunctival cavity, which negatively affects the acuity vision. "Dexa-Gentamicin" causes jumps in intraocular pressure when combined with anticholinergics and mydriatics.
Analogs
There are still no complete structural analogues of the drug "Dexa-Gentamicin" with an identical composition on the pharmaceutical market. If the patient has contraindications or because of individual intolerance to the components of the described medicine, ophthalmologists can select other medicines with a similar therapeutic effect.
Drug name | Description |
"Prednisolone" | The medicine has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. With injuries of the visual apparatus, the agent enhances the regeneration processes. |
"Maxitrol" | It is a medication with a combined principle of action, which has an antihistamine, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect. It contains a corticosteroid and 2 antibiotics. |
"Tobradex" | A common remedy in ophthalmology with which you can cope with inflammatory diseases of the visual apparatus provoked by microorganisms of gram-negative or gram-positive type. |
"Betagenot" | The drug has a vasoconstrictor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic effect. The drug reduces the rate of release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, induces the formation of lipocortin, and also reduces the metabolism of arachidonic acid. |
"Combinil-Duo" | An effective drug for combating ophthalmic and otological pathologies. The drug contains hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, which contributes to the long-term preservation of the active component on the surface of the eye, increasing the duration of the drug's action. |
"Sofradex" | Antibacterial drug for external use. "Sofradex" is indicated for inflammatory foci of a bacterial nature. The effectiveness of the drug is due to the presence of hormonal components that help eliminate the main cause of severe infections and systemic pathologies. |
"Tsipromed" | The active component of the drug destroys the structure of pathogens. This medicine is indicated for conjunctivitis, blepharitis. |
In the absence of the drug "Dexa-Gentamicin" in pharmacies, the manifestation of adverse reactions or the absence a positive therapeutic effect ophthalmologists prescribe a remedy of a similar principle actions. It can be drops, ointments of the combined principle of action.
Terms, conditions of sale and storage
The drug "Dexa-Gentamicin" can be used for 3 years from the date of production, the exact date is indicated on the cardboard packaging and duplicated on the tube with the agent. After removing the cap, the medicine can be used for 1 month. After 30 days, the medication is considered expired.
The drug can be stored at temperatures from +10 to +25 C. The ointment should not be frozen and put in the refrigerator, as it loses all its medicinal properties. If stored improperly, the medicine can change its smell and color. The drug is dispensed with a doctor's prescription.
Price
The cost of Dexa-Gentamicin eye ointment depends on the region and the markup of the selected pharmacy network. The average price of the drug in Moscow, St. Petersburg and other regions of Russia ranges from 120 to 160 rubles.
Author: Dorogokup Daria
Video about eye ointments
How to use eye ointment: