1 Causes of pain

Pain in the anus after defecation is caused by a large number of accompanying factors, a significant part of which is related to the disease in the rectum itself. So, the following causes of the emergence of painful sensations during defecation:

1. One of the first causes of painful sensations is hemorrhoids. At the initial stage of the pathology development, the pain has a weak character and is caused by constipation and difficulty in the passage of solid defecation products. Sharp pain and burning sensation in the anus opens after the pathology has passed into a complicated form, in which there is a thrombosis and inflammation of the hemorrhoids.
2. A crack in the anus is a linear or triangular lesion in the mucosa of the rectum or in the anal area with a hard stool or foreign object. In such a situation, sharp and burning painful sensations occur during or after the act of defecation, spotting and spasms in the anal sphincter.
3. The inflammatory process that develops in the anal sphincter, or the so-called sphincteritis. This pathology is typical for the development of hemorrhoids or proctitis, as well as in the presence of a crack.
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4. Malignant neoplasm in rectum. Characteristic painful sensations arise in the last stages of the oncological disease. At the very beginning of the patient, there are admixtures of blood, mucus or pus in the feces. At the same time the patient experiences painful feelings both during and after the act of defecation. As the size of the tumor increases, the pain is felt constantly, gives in the genitals, the lumbar spine or the perineal zone.
5. In case the anal opening is injured as a result of an accident or anal sex. Contusion of the coccyx or perineum as a result of a fall.
6. The emergence and development of sexually transmitted diseases.
7. Cramp of the muscles in the perineal zone.
8. Narrowing of the anus after surgery to combat hemorrhoids or in the presence of a crack.

2 Diagnosis and treatment of pathology

The attending physician, having talked with the patient and having learned in more detail about disturbing his symptoms, can make a preliminary conclusion about the nature of the pathology of the patient. However, an accurate diagnosis will be made only after a medical examination. Visual examination of the anus allows one to identify the development of pathologies such as hemorrhoids or mucosal fissures. Palpation, as well as examination of the rectal zone with the help of digital equipment allow you to see the nodes or wounds in the anus. In order to examine the patient in more detail, a doctor may resort to a proctoscope. The most common methods of examination include:

• smear from the mucous anus;
• colonoscopy;
• histological analysis of cell origin;
• general blood test.

The procedure of treatment is determined by the doctor after receiving the results of the examination. As you know, painful sensations during defecation are not the ultimate goal of the doctor. In this case, it is necessary to determine the pathology that promotes the manifestation of such a symptom, and to treat this disease.

As a rule, constipation in a chronic form is amenable to treatment without the use of medications. In this case, it will be effective to follow a diet, use a lot of fluid and exercise.

The lion's share of pathologies in the anus can be cured if you regularly use candles, enemas or ointments. For example, for the removal of painful sensations experts recommend the use of ointments and suppositories containing lidocaine. An example of the latter can serve as Proctosan, Relief-Advance, etc. To relieve cramps in the anal sphincter area, candles with papaverine can help. These drugs can relieve pain, and also have an anti-inflammatory effect.

It should be noted that the pain in the act of defecation is a frequent problem for women in an interesting situation. This occurs as a result of squeezing the rectum by the uterus. As a result, future mothers suffer from constipation. However, not every drug is recommended for use in pregnant women. In such a situation, candles with papaverine help solve the problem. To heal wounds in the anus, candles with sea buckthorn oil are used.

Preventive measures can help prevent problems associated with defecation. So, you can change the diet, including more vegetables, fruits, dried fruits, bread from wholemeal flour. It is necessary to consume at least 2 liters of drinking water daily, which helps to soften the stool. You must follow the rules of personal hygiene for the intimate zone.

And, at last, at the first displays of painful sensations it is not necessary to postpone visit to the doctor for a long time. As you know, the earlier the diagnosis is made and the cause is identified, the more likely it is to successfully pass the treatment and regain the habitual quality of life.