Medicines for bronchitis in adults, antibiotics for coughs. Names, reviews, how to take for chronic, acute, obstructive

Prolonged cough - a symptom of inflammation in the bronchi. If the disease is not taken seriously, it will develop into serious complications. Therapy of bronchitis in adults occurs with the help of drugs that have a multidirectional principle of action.

What is bronchitis, its signs

Bronchitis is an infectious disease that is accompanied by diffuse damage to the bronchi. It happens that bronchitis appears against the background of colds, such as flu and SARS, but it can also be of another origin. The main symptoms of this disease are chest pain, shortness of breath, painful cough, and weakness throughout the body.

The causes of this disease, as noted above, are bacterial or viral flora.

This disease can be caused by a number of reasons:

• work in those rooms where the air is dirty (hazardous production);
• smoking;
• living in areas where the environment is poor.

The main symptom of bronchitis is coughing. At the very beginning of the disease, it is dry, and after a while it becomes productive and moist. The phlegm gradually goes away. It is usually transparent or whitish gray. If it is green, it means that a bacterial virus has also joined it.

The cough lasts a long time, often more than 14 days. With this disease, the body temperature is low. Bronchitis is accompanied by drowsiness, weakness, and loss of appetite. Without proper therapy, bronchitis passes into other forms.

Types of bronchitis:

Bronchitis form	Signs
Acute form	dry cough; chest pain; dyspnea; a state of drowsiness; weakness; dry cough.
Chronical bronchitis	deterioration of the general condition of the patient; dyspnea; cyanosis of the skin; wheezing.
Catarrhal bronchitis	viscous mucous sputum; temperature is not higher than 38 ° С.
Purulent bronchitis	body temperature 40 ° C; drowsiness; lethargy; heart palpitations; cough with a lot of purulent sputum.
Atrophic bronchitis	dry and excruciating cough; a sore throat; chest pain; violation of the general condition of a person.

Why is bronchitis dangerous?

Repeatedly treated, or vice versa, untreated bronchitis, leads to a chronic form. But that's not the worst part. The main complication of bronchitis is pneumonia. The inflammation from the bronchi spreads down to the lungs. Sclerotic changes begin to form in the bronchi, which leads to poor oxygen permeability to the lungs. This is how pneumonia appears.

Diagnosis of bronchitis

If the patient has acute bronchitis, then the diagnosis is made on the basis of the clinical manifestations of the disease. In advanced cases, the doctor will prescribe additional studies for the patient.

When diagnosing bronchitis, use:

• auscultation of the lungs;
• blood analysis;
• sputum analysis;
• X-rays of light;
• CT;
• spirometry;
• bronchoscopy.

Classification of drugs

Medicines for bronchitis in adults are prescribed taking into account the patient's condition, as well as the signs of the disease in him:

1. Antiviral agents prescribed due to the appearance of viruses in the human body. Without antiviral drugs, they cannot be stopped.
2. Antibacterial medicines used only as directed by a specialist. The list of such drugs can be long. During their use, it is better to take antihistamines to avoid an allergic reaction to antimicrobial agents.
3. Macrolides have minimal toxic effect.
4. Penicillins often prescribed for this disease. The tool is characterized as a broad-spectrum medication.
5. Fluoroquinolones used in severe disease, during complications and chronic forms.
6. Anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the activity of the inflammatory process, which is accompanied by a deterioration in the general condition of the patient.
7. Mucolytics increase the amount of mucus and thin phlegm. They are needed for its final exit from the bronchi.
8. Bronchodilators drugs act on the muscles of the bronchi and relieve spasm.

Top 10 drugs from the pharmacy

Medicines for bronchitis in adults at the very beginning of therapy should be mucolytics and expectorants, as they prevent the thickening of bronchial secretions, its dilution and excretion from the bronchi.

Carbocisteine

Carbocisteine, used in the treatment of cough, is a monocomponent drug. The chemical content of a particular product differs depending on the percentage of the main ingredient.

The composition of the product includes the active substance carbocisteine ​​and several additional ones: sucrose, sodium hydroxide, purified water. The drug is produced in the form of a syrup with a capacity of 125 ml. The medication restores immunological protection and helps to improve mucociliary clearance.

Indications:

• acute bronchitis;
• bronchiectasis pathology;
• pneumonia.

Contraindications:

• stomach ulcer;
• pregnancy;
• lactation.

For adults, the remedy is prescribed 3 times a day for 1 tbsp. l. The product is sold without a prescription, the cost is from 190 rubles.

Lazolvan

Lazolvan belongs to the group of expectorant drugs. The medicine is produced in the form of syrup, lozenges and liquid for inhalation. The composition of the drug includes the active ingredient ambroxol, as well as several additional ones: lactose monohydrate, corn starch, magnesium stearate. The active substance of the drug increases the secretion of phlegm in the respiratory tract.

Indications:

• bronchiectasis;
• pneumonia;
• bronchitis;
• bronchial asthma.

Contraindications:

• breastfeeding time of the baby;
• first trimester of pregnancy.

Lazolvan is prescribed for adults in syrup 3 times a day, 10 ml. The medication is sold without a prescription, the cost is from 215 rubles.

Eucabal

Eucabal is an expectorant and anti-inflammatory medicine. Also, the medication has mucolytic and antispasmodic effects. The medicine liquefies and dissolves bronchial secretions and enhances its transport by the ciliated epithelium.

Indications:

• rhinitis;
• pharyngitis;
• laryngitis;
• tracheitis;
• bronchitis.

Contraindications:

• allergy to substance substances;
• gastritis with high acidity;
• stomach ulcer;
• liver and kidney disease.

The product is produced in the form of a syrup, a dark brown liquid in 100 ml glass vials, and also in the form of a yellowish balm for steam inhalation in 40 and 100 ml tubes. The medication is prescribed for adults in the form of a syrup, 2 tbsp. l 3 times a day. The syrup is sold without a prescription, the cost is from 190 rubles.

Libexin

The drug Libeksin is an antitussive drug and is used in the treatment of bronchitis in adults and children. The product is produced in round tablets. The main active ingredient of the drug is prenoxdiazine. Also, the tool includes additional substances in the composition: magnesium stearate, glycerin, talc, corn starch.

The medicine is produced in tablets in a blister of 10 pcs. In terms of the severity of the therapeutic effect, Libeksin is close to codeine. But it has no effect on the central nervous system and cerebral cortex.

Indications:

• acute bronchitis;
• Chronical bronchitis;
• pneumonia;
• acute viral pathology.

Contraindications:

• allergy to substance substances;
• condition after inhalation anesthesia;
• violation of the digestion of certain carbohydrates.

Tablets are prescribed for adults, 100 mg 3-4 times a day. The drug is sold without a prescription, the price is from 400 rubles.

Salbutamol

Salbutamol belongs to drugs of artificial origin. In the field of pharmacology, the drug belongs to the anti-inflammatory group and mucolytics with bronchodilator action. The tool is used to prevent and eliminate asthma attacks with bronchitis. The medication also belongs to the means of urgent medical aid.

The composition of the product includes an active substance - salbutamol and several additional ones: cetyl oleate, fluorotrichloromethane. The medication is produced in aerosol form.

It is enclosed in an aluminum cylinder, which is equipped with a valve and a dispenser. Taking the medication improves the process of sputum discharge from the bronchi, triggers the ciliated epithelium and prevents bronchospasm of allergic origin from forming.

Indications:

• prevention of complications in the form of bronchospasm;
• Chronical bronchitis;
• narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi.

The drug is prescribed for adults in 1-2 doses per dose. To stop the attack, this is enough. If within 10 minutes the effect does not occur, then you can repeat the reception at the same dosage.

Contraindications:

• childhood;
• allergy to substance substances;
• period of bearing the child.

The medication is dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription, the cost is from 140 rubles.

Ascoril

Ascoril is a complex medicine that combines expectorant and bronchodilator actions.

The drug contains the following active ingredients:

• guaifenesin;
• bromhexine hydrochloride;
• salbutamol sulfate;
• menthol.

The medication is produced in tablets and vials (expectorant). The drug eliminates spasms in the bronchi, facilitates sputum discharge, and increases lung capacity.

Indications:

• dry cough;
• whooping cough;
• tuberculosis;
• bronchial asthma;
• tracheobronchitis.

Contraindications:

• ulcer;
• glaucoma;
• heart disease;
• diabetes;
• liver and kidney disease.

Ascoril is used in tablets 3 times a day, 1 pc. In the form of an expectorant 3 times a day, 10 ml. The product is sold without a prescription, the cost is from 190 rubles.

Atrovent

Medicines for bronchitis in adults, such as Atrovent, are used to prevent bronchospasm during bronchial asthma. The medication is produced in the form of a solution for inhalation in dropper vials of 20 ml.

The drug contains the active ingredient ipratropium bromide anhydrous, as well as several additional components: benzalkonium chloride, disodium, sodium chloride. A distinctive feature of the remedy is the absence of anticholinergic action on the smooth muscles of the digestive system. This reduces the secretion of the glands of the bronchi and bronchospasm does not appear.

Indications:

• obstructive pulmonary disease;
• bronchospasm;
• bronchial asthma;
• diagnostics of bronchial obstruction.

For adults, the drug is prescribed 2 inhalations 4 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor.

Contraindications:

• age up to 5 years;
• allergy to substance substances;
• pregnancy.

The medication is sold in pharmacies without a prescription, the cost is from 300 rubles.

Erespal

Erespal is an anti-inflammatory and anti-bronchoconstrictor medication that reduces the production of several active substances that play an important role in the development of bronchospasm and inflammation.

The product is produced in the form of syrup and tablets. The composition of the drug includes the active ingredient fenspiride hydrochloride and several additional ones - povidone, magnesium stearate, glycerol, macrogol.

Indications:

• laryngitis;
• tracheobronchitis;
• bronchial asthma;
• bronchitis.

For adults, the drug is prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day. The maximum daily dosage should be no more than 240 mg.

Contraindications:

• allergy to substance substances;
• age up to 18 years.

The medication is sold without a prescription, the price is from 200 rubles.

Coldrex HotRem

Coldrex refers to drugs for the symptomatic treatment of acute pathology. The therapeutic effect of the medication is due to some of the active substances that make up its composition. Coldrex is produced in the form of a powder for solution preparation. The product contains the active ingredients paracetamol, phenylephrine and ascorbic acid.

Also, the drug contains additional components: corn starch, sodium saccharinate, sodium cyclamant, citric acid. Coldrex has antipyretic and analgesic effects. Also, the medication narrows blood vessels, swelling and itching and burning sensation in the throat. It also has antiviral activity, which is important at the very beginning of its development.

Indications:

• acute respiratory infection;
• nasal congestion;
• headache;
• sore throat.

Contraindications:

• allergy to substance substances;
• thyrotoxicosis;
• hypertension;
• heart pathology;
• diabetes.

For adults, Coldrex is prescribed 1-2 packets every 4 hours. The duration of therapy is 5 days. The medication is sold in pharmacies without a prescription, the cost is from 150 rubles.

Efferalgan

Efferalgan is a drug that belongs to the group of analgesics. It is used for bronchitis only when there are severe symptoms of intoxication. It is a non-narcotic analgesic that has antipyretic and analgesic effects. The lack of anti-inflammatory action is due to the neutralization of the action of paracetamol on COX.

The drug does not adversely affect the water-salt balance, due to the fact that it does not block prostagladins in the tissues. The drug does not have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Efferalgan is available in syrup, rectal suppositories, round tablets, and effervescent tablets.

Indications:

• fever;
• malaise;
• body aches;
• chills;
• heat.

Contraindications:

• kidney and liver diseases;
• blood diseases;
• children's age is less than 1 month;
• allergy to the substance of the agent.

For adults, the drug is prescribed in effervescent tablets, 1 pc. no more than 4 times a day. The interval between the use of the product should be at least 4 hours. The duration of the use of the drug is no more than 3 days without the advice of a specialist. The medicine is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription, the cost is from 56 rubles.

In the treatment of acute and chronic forms of bronchitis in adults and children, antimicrobial drugs may also be prescribed, depending on the duration of the disease.

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