Diagnostic Methods

Ultrasound of the pancreas: preparation, interpretation, norm of indicators

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1 General information

Ultrasound examination is considered absolutely painless and accessible to all people. With its help, specialists of medical institutions can easily determine the disease of the internal organ, the degree of neglect( severity level).It is only thanks to ultrasound that the exact size of the pancreas can be determined. Preliminary manipulations make it possible to avoid the possibility of size distortion.

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Picture 1

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What does ultrasound show? Through this study, it is possible to perform such actions:

  • to reveal echogenicity;
  • insta story viewer
  • evaluate the structure;
  • determine the diameter of the ducts of the organ;
  • check the presence of false brushes, stones in the duct, etc.

When going to the examination, the patient should prepare, carry a napkin, diaper. During manipulation, a person should lie on his back, first removing his outer clothing: sweater, T-shirt. The cutaneous surface in the abdomen is treated with a special gel. Then on it the sensor examines the left side, the abdominal cavity. The patient should take a deep breath and hold his breath. If necessary, the examination is supplemented. The patient occupies a position on the right side, then turns over to the left side. Sometimes the patient is at the examination. Total for ultrasound takes about 10 minutes.

2 Indications for

The pancreas is a secretory organ that is of great importance for the normal digestion process and regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Since the organ is located deep inside the human body, it is extremely difficult to examine without special tools. For example, palpation in relation to the pancreas does not apply. Ultrasound is one of the best, reliable methods of instrumental examination.

Picture 2

If there are problems with the pancreas, then not only does it stop working, violations are also diagnosed in the functioning of the digestive system( the negative effect is reflected in the liver).During the examination, the structure of the organ is studied, which makes it possible to detect pathological transformations. Decoding of ultrasound studies makes it possible to detect the presence of pseudocysts when local seals appear.

Preparation for ultrasound of the liver and other organs of the abdominal cavity is carried out after the appointment of the treating doctor. This document is issued if the person has such signs:

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  • constant sensation of bitterness in the oral cavity;
  • in the abdominal cavity is severe discomfort;
  • presence of pain in the hypochondrium right;
  • flatulence( swelling).

If there are abnormalities in the digestive system, ultrasound is necessary if the patient has been infected with hepatitis C, A, B. It can not be dispensed with when diagnosing diseases of the liver, gallbladder, kidneys, pancreas and other internal organs.

The study is performed in the following cases:

  • abnormal transformation of the gastric posterior wall( revealed by gastroscopy);
  • sensation of pain during palpation;
  • change in the form of the duodenum, stomach;
  • sudden slimming of a person;
  • jaundice;
  • disorders associated with frequent stools.

3 Preparing for the

procedure In the human body, the pancreas is located behind the stomach in the upper part of the abdominal cavity. Since this manipulation is laborious, the patient must comply with such rules:

  1. You must not use any foodstuffs before ultrasound( food intake is forbidden already about 10 hours before the procedure).
  2. It is forbidden to do gastroscopy.
  3. If the patient has a disturbance in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, gas formation is likely, he should take activated charcoal( the time of taking and dosage is specified by the attending physician).
  4. Smoking should be discarded for all tobacco products and their substitutes containing nicotine, even in small amounts.
  5. Do not drink alcoholic beverages of any strength.
  6. Do not drink( even water) before handling.
  7. Acceptance of any medications is strictly prohibited.
  8. For 2 days before the procedure it is forbidden to include in the diet food that promotes gas generation.
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Picture 3

Among the products provoking the formation of gases, we can distinguish the following:

  • milk;
  • cottage cheese;
  • sour cream;
  • yogurt;
  • a fermented woman;
  • kefir;
  • sparkling water and other drinks with gas;
  • some fruits, vegetables, juices from them.

If you consider all the bans and simple recommendations, preparation for ultrasound of the pancreas will be successful. If the patient has excessive body weight, an enema should be performed as part of the preparatory activities with the help of a warmer for purification. The procedure in most cases is carried out 2 times: in the morning, and then in the evening before the ultrasound examination.

The whole complex of preparatory measures is not complete without a proper diet. It does not allow the ingress of slag into the body. How to prepare for ultrasound?

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Within 3 days you should exclude rye bread, milk, vegetables, fresh fruits, beans, peas and other legumes from your menu.

4 Picture 4

5 Necessary power supply

An ultrasound examination of an individual organ is not performed. The physician conducts a comprehensive examination and the nearby organs. It is extremely necessary that the patient observe a strict dietary diet for 48 hours. This will get the most accurate results of the study. In addition to the already listed products, you can not eat sauerkraut, honey, pastries on yeast, fried mushrooms, pickled, salted, fresh wheat bread, canned compotes.

Picture 5

If you disregard the diet, the data obtained during the study of the body can be significantly distorted. This will lead to the appointment of a doctor incorrect therapy. In this case, the patient's condition not only does not improve, but there is a risk of serious complications. Pancreatitis, for example, is able to grow into pancreatic cancer( in extreme cases).

Refusal of alcohol is a condition that must be observed not only before ultrasound, but already from the first days of the appearance of a feeling of discomfort, pain and other signs of problems with the pancreas. Alcoholic beverages are provocateurs of the disease, contribute to the development of pancreatitis at a faster rate.

Preparing for the study, the patient should eat light soups, buckwheat, pearl, oatmeal, boiled chicken or steamed meat. But already 10 hours before the procedure, you will have to give up such food.

Figure 6

6 Preparing an infant

Interference with the research can be not only available in the intestines gases and products of excretion, but also such problems:

  • obesity, the last stages of the disease;
  • high level of human activity during manipulation;
  • presence on the area of ​​the body that is being scanned, bandages or open wounds.

When the patient is a small child, and he has a tendency to flatulence, constipation, then you need not only to follow a diet. After consultation with the attending physician and in the absence of contraindications, it is necessary to take special medications, for example, Espumizan or a drug with a similar effect. The drug is administered under the supervision of a doctor who individually sets the dose for several days before the study.

Figure 7

Because before the procedure recommended fasting, ultrasound in private medical institutions for the convenience of patients appointed in the morning. If done in the morning, the child will not feel hunger for a long time.

Ultrasound of the liver and pancreas may be needed not only for adults, but also for infants. Preliminaries for small patients greatly simplify. Breastfeeding is tolerated in the usual way. Only the kid should not eat anything 3 hours before the start of the process.

When the mother feeds the baby not with breast milk, but with milk mixtures, the indicated time interval increases by 30 minutes. This is due to a slower rate of assimilation of milk mixtures compared to milk. The process of digesting mixtures of fruits and vegetables is more durable. Therefore, most parents refuse them before going to the hospital. If a need arises, the baby is allowed to give a small amount of clean water. Sugar can not be added to it. It is forbidden to give any kind of tea.

Picture 8

7 Additional information

It is better to conduct ultrasound examination in the morning. In some cases, to improve the examination conditions, the patient should drink 200 ml of water using a thin tube. There is an established standard of pancreas size, with which the results are compared to identify the disease. The length of the organ in the normal state should be from 14 to 18 cm, the width from 3 to 9 cm, the average thickness - about 3 cm. Optimal weight of the organ in adults is 80 g.

Figure 9

During manipulation for visualization of the organ, medical workers use sonographic guidelines. To assess the size of the gland used a certain program. The data obtained form the basis for the conclusion. A detailed transcript is provided in the medical document, even if no deviations have been detected.

At work on some devices it is possible to photograph the revealed transformations. This makes it possible to better navigate if surgery is planned. During ultrasound, a person does not feel any pain. There is a likelihood of sensation of sliding along the skin of the sensor, weak pressure in some minor areas of the abdominal cavity.

The interpretation of the indicators may indicate a normal or pathogenic state of the organ. Echoes of the gland vary. This indicator varies depending on the body weight of a person. In older patients, the size of the pancreas decreases. The central duct of the organ looks like a thin tube. Its diameter is approximately 2 mm. It changes, and it depends on the specific department. In the head the normative value of the duct is 3 mm, in the region of the tail it is reduced to 0.3 mm.

Echogenicity of the pancreas is equated to hepatic density. However, according to the normative indices, in half of adults this indicator is increased, and in small children it is lowered.

Proper preparatory manipulation is the key to obtaining reliable results of ultrasound. At the same time, preparation does not spend a lot of time, but it makes it possible to significantly increase the informative level of the diagnostic.

Contents
  • 1 General information
  • 2 Indications for
  • 3 Preparation for
  • 4 Picture 4
  • 5 procedure Necessary power supply
  • 6 Infant infant preparation
  • 7 Additional information

When the ultrasound of the pancreas is performed, preparation for such a complex process is mandatory. The patient must comply with a number of requirements before the procedure. For example, you need to switch to diet food.

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