Lidocaine (Lidocainum) 2 percent in ampoules. Instructions for use, what they are used for, price

Lidocaine 2% is a pharmaceutical product in ampoule form and having an anesthetic effect.

Forms of release and composition of the drug Lidocaine

The drug is produced in the form of an injection solution. The liquid is sealed in glass ampoules. 1 ml of the product contains 20 mg of lidocaine hydrochloride. Among the excipients in the formula are sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide solution and filtered water.

Ampoules are packed in a cardboard box of 10 units.

Pharmacological properties

The solution is included in the group of local anesthetic drugs that exhibit antiarrhythmic effects. The tool is used for various types of anesthesia - superficial, infiltrative, conductive. At the same time, the effectiveness of the solution exceeds the effect of novocaine by 2-6 times.

The action of the substance is aimed at suppressing the current of sodium ions carried out in the area of ​​the myocardium, suppressing ectopic processes. The medicine reduces the negative effects of myocardial cells.

The drug has a low therapeutic effect in relation to cardiac arrhythmias, since it slightly affects the electrophysiological ability of the atria. When using higher doses of the solution, the contractility of the myocardium is inhibited.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

There are no data on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug.

Indications for use of the solution in ampoules

Lidocaine 2% in ampoules has extensive indications for use and can be used in complex therapy ventricular arrhythmias caused by myocardial infarction, taking medications, as well as those arising on the background of ischemic heart disease.

In this case, the drug has a local anesthetic effect during surgical operations or various instrumental types of diagnostics.

Application in dentistry:

• treatment of abscesses;
• tooth extraction procedures;
• procedures for the removal of fragmented parts of the teeth, as well as suturing in the area of ​​the oral mucosa;
• installation of new crowns;
• prosthetics;
• excision of the papillary process of the tongue;
• preparatory measures for radiography;
• surgical interventions aimed at removing neoplasms in the oral cavity;
• opening and removal of cysts located in the area of ​​the salivary glands.

Application of the solution in otolaryngology:

• preparation for electrocoagulation, aimed at removing polyps in the nose;
• pain relief before tonsillectomy;
• opening of abscesses, sinus punctures;
• sinus flushing procedures.

Purpose for use in instrumental diagnostics:

• pain relief before probing through the nasal or oral cavity;
• anesthesia before rectal examinations aimed at replacing the catheter.

The use of the medication in gynecological practice:

• episiotomy procedures;
• anesthesia before cervical surgery;
• anesthesia during manipulations aimed at restoring the hymen;
• suturing after treatment / removal of abscesses.

The drug is also used in dermatological practice for minor surgical interventions. In this case, the solution is injected into the area of ​​the mucous membranes.

Contraindications

Lidocaine 2 percent in ampoules is prohibited in case of any allergic reactions or excessive sensitivity to the components of the medication.

Additional contraindications:

• severe course of bradycardia;
• cardiogenic shock;
• AV block, excluding artificial ventricular stimulation;
• old age - with weakness of the sinus node;
• functional disorders of the liver, proceeding in severe form;

The use of the drug is possible only after consultation with an anesthesiologist and additional diagnostics.

At what age is lidocaine used?

The solution has no age restrictions for use. However, in childhood, the medication should be prescribed with extreme caution and only with the permission of a specialist.

Instructions for use, dosage of a 2% solution

The agent is administered intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously. As a local conduction anesthesia, 5-10 ml of the drug is prescribed. When anesthetizing the sacral or shoulder region, 5-10 ml of solution is used. For anesthesia of the fingers, 2-3 ml of medication is prescribed. The maximum daily dose is up to 10 ml.

The solution is injected slowly, as it may enter the bloodstream. Before treatment with high dosages, the patient is given barbiturates.

In cardiological practice, the medication is administered intravenously. In this case, the first dosage is determined at the rate of 1-2 g / kg of the patient's weight. The maximum allowable dosage should not exceed 100 mg. The agent is injected every few minutes until the total volume of the agent is 300 ml.

The use of infusion solutions is allowed only after using an intravenous drug. In this case, the rate of administration should be no more than 20-50 μg / kg per minute. The maximum volume of the injected solution per minute should not exceed 2 mg. The duration of use of the infusion administration of the drug varies within 1-1.5 days.

Injections are given at a dosage of 2-4 mg / kg of the patient's body weight. This introduces the drug through the gluteus or deltoid muscle. The interval between injections should be at least 4-6 hours. The maximum single dosage should not exceed 300 mg.

The dosage of the drug for myocardial infarction is 4 mg / kg of the patient's body weight. It is allowed to use the medicine by applying it to the surface of the skin. This method of administration of the solution is used mainly in children under 2 years of age. In severe liver dysfunctions, as well as in the presence of heart failure, the dosage of the drug must be reduced by at least 40%.

Side effects

In rare cases, a medication can cause various side reactions associated with the physiological characteristics of the patient's body.

Side effect:

• Dysfunctions of the central nervous system: migraines, the development of dizziness, restless behavior, fatigue, a state of euphoria, dysfunction of the speech and visual apparatus, tinnitus, numbness of the tongue.
• Disorders of the cardiovascular system: disruptions in conduction, collapse, hypotension, development of bradycardia.
• Allergic manifestations: itching, rashes, hyperthermic lesions, anaphylactic shock, dermal pathologies.

Among local reactions, the most common burning sensation develops at the injection site. This effect goes away on its own within 1 min. after using the product. With the development of negative reactions, including those not noted in the instructions, it is necessary to consult a specialist.

Overdose

Lidocaine, produced in ampoules, if the prescribed doses are exceeded, can cause symptoms of intoxication. At the initial stages of an overdose with a 2 percent solution, symptoms such as dizziness, a feeling of euphoria, vomiting and nausea, there is a decrease in pressure, there is asthenic condition.

Subsequently, intoxication leads to the development of convulsions in the area of ​​the facial muscles and skeleton, excitability, collapse and bradycardia.

When using the drug during the period of delivery, the formation of respiratory disorders, bradycardia is possible. Ultimately, the condition can lead to a complete cessation of breathing.

At the first signs of an overdose, drug treatment is stopped and oxygen inhalation is prescribed to the patient. In case of a convulsive condition, diazipam is prescribed - the medication is administered intravenously. In severe conditions, resuscitation measures or artificial ventilation of the lungs are carried out. Dialysis is an ineffective symptomatic treatment.

special instructions

The drug is prescribed with extreme caution in patients with functional disorders of the liver, disorders circulation, low blood pressure, epileptic syndrome, as well as in the presence of renal failure.

Abrupt and rapid administration of the drug through a vein can lower blood pressure and provoke collapse. To eliminate such signs, various vasoconstrictors are prescribed.

When the drug is injected into the vascularized areas, great care must be taken to avoid getting the drug components into the vascular lumen. At high risks of developing the condition, it is recommended to use a lower dosage.

With extreme caution, the drug is prescribed to elderly people who have cardiac problems and who are taking drugs similar in effect. Also, with great care, the solution is used in the presence of damage in the area of ​​mucous membranes and in case of mental retardation.

In dental and orthopedic practice, the medicine is used only in conjunction with impression materials. If you use an aerosol anesthetic, you need to make sure that it does not get on the mucous membranes of the eyes, in the bronchopulmonary tract. Care is required when applying the medicine to the area of ​​the back of the larynx.

If the medication is used incorrectly, the development of bronchopneumonia or aspiration is likely. Medicinal aerosol should not be used in children under 8 years of age. In the absence of side effects, it is allowed to drive vehicles or carry out work associated with increased concentration of attention.

Drug interactions

Lidocaine 2% in ampoules has some peculiarities for the use in conjunction with other drugs.

The solution should not be combined with the following medicines:

• β-blockers - it is possible to increase the toxic effect of the main drug.
• Digitoxin - when used together, a decrease in cardiotonic action is possible.
• Curare-containing funds - there is an increase in muscle tissue relaxation.
• Amiodarone, aimoline, quinidine, verapamil - when they are used, the myocardium is suppressed.

The combined use of the main medication with novocainamide can lead to hyperstimulation of the central nervous system, as well as to the development of hallucinations. Respiratory dysfunction is noted when the drug is administered intravenously together with hexenal or sodium thiopental.

Local anesthesia is enhanced by the combined use of the drug with MAO inhibitors. There is a violation of the impulses of neuromuscular fibers when it is combined with polymyxin B. The sedative group of drugs and hypnotics can lead to depression of the functions of the central nervous system.

The simultaneous administration of the drug and cimetidine can lead to the development of undesirable manifestations in the form of bradycardia, increased drowsiness, and deafness. With the combined use of funds, it is necessary to reduce the dosage.

An increase in the concentration of a component of the drug occurs with the simultaneous use of such medicines, as imipramine, quinidine, chlorpromazine, disopyramide, pethidine, propranolol, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, bupivacaine.

Analogs

Lidocaine 2% in ampoules is replaced by analogs in other forms - aerosols, nasal drops, solutions. It is also being replaced by groups of pharmaceuticals with similar therapeutic effects.

Analogs:

• Versatis. This pharmaceutical belongs to the group of local anesthetic drugs and is produced in the form of a patch. The drug is used for painful sensations caused by various disorders in the spine, myositis, and also as a treatment for neuralgia provoked by herpes infection. Contraindications include allergic reactions and a violation of the integrity of the skin in the intended places of use of the patch. The tool is used topically, applying a sticky plate to the affected area for no more than 12 hours. The duration of the course is determined by the attending specialist. The cost of packaging is from 620 rubles.
• Novocaine. This medicine belongs to the class of local anesthetics and is produced in the form of a solution for injection. The medication is used for various types of anesthesia, is effective in pain syndrome caused by the development of stomach and duodenal ulcers. The medicine is injected intramuscularly in a volume of 5-10 ml 3 times a day. Apply the solution for 1 month. Then take a break for at least 10 days. After that, the course can be repeated only with the permission of the attending specialist. A contraindication to the use of an anesthetic is the presence of high sensitivity to the components of the drug. Cost - from 19 to 50 rubles.
• Ultracaine. The medicine belongs to local anesthetics and is produced in the form of an injection solution with the main active ingredient - articaine. It is prescribed for various types of anesthesia, including surgical interventions or instrumental diagnostics. The purpose for the use of the solution is an increased susceptibility to the composition of the agent. The method of use and the dosage regimen are established by the attending specialist according to the pathological process and the age of the patient. The cost of a bottle is from 1200 rubles.

The appointment and selection of an analogue should only be dealt with by the attending specialist, taking into account the portability of the components that make up a particular agent.

Terms, conditions of sale and storage

• The solution must be stored in a clean and dry place at a temperature not exceeding 25⁰C.
• The medication is valid for 2 years from the date of manufacture.
• It is forbidden to use the medicine after the expiration date indicated on the package.
• The funds are sold by prescription.

Price in pharmacies in Moscow, St. Petersburg, regions

The prices for the product may differ slightly depending on the area of ​​sale of the product, as well as based on the dosage form of the drug.

Region / region	Dosage / Form	Price
Moscow, Moscow region	Solution, 2%, 2 ml	RUB 17-1021
St. Petersburg	Solution, 10%, 2 ml	23-992 rub.
Saint Petersburg (suburbs)	Solution, 2%, 2 ml	RUB 180-431
Leningrad region	Spray, 10%, 38 g	19-435 rub.
Novgorod region	Solution, 2%, 2 ml	RUB 38-97

Before using the 2% form of lidocaine, it is recommended to consult with an anesthesiologist and read the instructions for using the ampoules.

Article design: Vladimir the Great

Video about Lidocaine

How to use lidocaine: