Home first aid kit. List of necessary medicines, what should be in it, table

In the home medicine cabinet list of necessary medications - these are funds that will help in emergency cases, to eliminate temporary negative symptoms, treat colds, burns. Each group includes several drugs that differ in their effects, contraindications, and application regimen.

List of medicines

A home first aid kit (the list of necessary medicines is divided into several main groups by purpose) often contains separate products for children. Preparations for a home first-aid kit are not for the treatment of chronic diseases, but as "first aid" that can be provided before the arrival of a doctor (if his presence is required).

Name	Drug action	Price (in rubles)
"Paracetamol"	It has an antipyretic effect, relieves pain. Used for flu, neuralgia, rheumatism. Allowed for children from the first months, but up to 12 years old - a single dose. For adults, it increases.	30-130
"Citramon"	Eliminate headaches, menstrual pains, thin the blood. Accepted for influenza, acute respiratory infections, fever. It has antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. Children are given from 15 years old. Take with caution in the elderly.	20-80
"Baralgin"	Relieves pain, regardless of location. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. Children can be given from 15 years old, with caution - women during lactation and the elderly.	200-280
"Aspirin"	Helps with headaches, infectious and inflammatory pathologies, thins the blood. Reduces temperature. Children are allowed from 15 years old.	70-100
Ibuprofen	Reduces inflammation, relieves pain. It is used for febrile syndrome with body aches and fever. Children are allowed to give from 6 years old. Women should not be taken during pregnancy.	40-170
"Pinosol"	The most harmless drug for the common cold. It is a herbal antiseptic. It is used for rhinitis, inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, after operations on the nose. The drug is allowed for children from 2 years old.	180-320
"Ambrobene"	Used for different types of cough. It has an expectorant and mucolytic effect. It is taken for respiratory tract diseases. Children can be given from 6 years old. Women should not be taken in the first trimester of pregnancy.	120-200
"Mukaltin"	Herbal preparation for sputum discharge. Used for coughs, stomach ulcers, asthma. Not recommended for children under 12 years of age.	10-90
Fervex	For the treatment of colds. Eliminates headache, reduces nasal congestion, high temperature. It is recommended to give children from 6 years old.	170-520
"Spazmalgon"	It is used for menstrual and headache, as well as any other pain caused by cramps. Relieves symptoms after surgery, with renal colic. Children can be given from 6 years old.	130-400
"No-Shpa"	It is used for all types of spasms, relieves soreness, relaxes the smooth muscles of the biliary tract, gastrointestinal tract. Quickly relieves pain during menstruation. Children are given from 6 years old.	70-250
"Corvalol"	It is used for disorders of the cardiovascular system, irritability, nervous disorders. It has a mild hypnotic effect. Children are prescribed only after consulting a doctor.	20-270
"Novo-Passit"	Natural sedative. Quickly soothes the nervous system, copes with insomnia, migraines, headaches caused by overexertion. Children can be given from 12 years old.	210-740
"Nitroglycerine"	Relief of angina attacks, as a quick aid in myocardial infarction, left ventricular failure. For adults only.	from 60
"Cerucal"	Relieves attacks of nausea and vomiting. It is used for intestinal atony, reflux esophagitis. It is used for flatulence and stomach ulcers. Children can be given from 2 years old.	120-250
"Senade"	It is taken to eliminate constipation. Stimulates intestinal motility. Children can be given from 6 years old.	600
"Lopedium"	Antidiarrheal agent. Children can be given from 6 years old.	from 30
Activated carbon	Indicated for food poisoning. It is used for all types of intoxication of the body, to eliminate heartburn. Can be given to children from 2 years of age.	20-40
"Phosphalugel"	It is used for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It is taken during exacerbations. The drug protects the mucous membranes from gastric juice, creating a film. Children are given from 6 years old.	200-500
"Tavegil"	Eliminates allergy symptoms - itching, redness, rash. Treatment of dermatitis, eczema, hay fever, negative symptoms after insect bites. Children can be given from 6 years old.	190-370
"Captopril"	It is used to reduce a sharp increase in blood pressure. The drug is intended for adults only. Children are given as a last resort, but only from the age of 14.	20-100
"Cordiamin"	Increases blood pressure, is used for hypotension, asphyxia, intoxication with analgesics, hypnotics, heart failure. Not recommended for children.	50-130
"Sulfacyl sodium"	They are buried in case of eye injuries, infection, foreign objects. Used to treat conjunctivitis. Recommended for children and adults.	50-80
Chlorhexidine	Antiseptic solution. Apply if brilliant green and iodine are not suitable. Acts more gently, does not cause a burning sensation. For the treatment of wounds, burns, disinfection of wounds. Suitable for children.	40-140
"D-Panthenol"	For the healing of burns, wounds, boils, cracks. Used for inflammation of the oral cavity, larynx. Children of any age can be treated. The drug is safe even for pregnant women and the fetus.	240-300
"Fastum-gel"	Helps relieve joint and back pain, sprains, bruises. Can be used for children.	290-600

A home first-aid kit (the list of necessary medicines should contain basic remedies for gastrointestinal problems) may include No-Shpu for relieving pain and cramps in the stomach, and Analgin for migraines. You should also take into account the individual characteristics of the organism. If “Ketanov” helps one person, it may not work on another.

A home first aid kit (the list of necessary medicines is supplemented with auxiliary aids) may also include:

• bandages;
• plasters;
• cotton wool;
• gauze sterile wipes;
• cotton swabs and discs;
• simple and bactericidal adhesive plaster;
• rubber fingertips;
• hemostatic tourniquet;
• mustard plasters;
• latex gloves;
• disposable syringes;
• thermometer (you can use any - infrared, electronic or mercury);
• apparatus for measuring blood pressure;
• pipettes;
• petrolatum;
• micro enema;
• nibulizer for inhalation.

Home first aid kit (the list of necessary medications must additionally contain Detralex or "Troxevasin-gel" to eliminate puffiness and fatigue of the legs) may include Teymurov's paste, which will relieve from sweating. To bring a person to consciousness after fainting, ammonia is used. Iodine and brilliant green - for treating scratches, edges of wounds.

Motherwort tincture has a cumulative effect. To maintain a stable result, it is taken for at least a month (daily). Hydrogen peroxide (3%) stops bleeding. Used for rinsing wounds and rinsing solutions.

Vitamins A, C and E are essential for strengthening the immune system, which induces resistance to disease. From medicinal herbs you need to keep at home sage, chamomile, oak bark (anti-inflammatory). Mint has a calming effect. Eucalyptus oil is used for bronchitis, tracheitis, for inhalation.

Description

In the home first-aid kit, the list of necessary medicines is necessarily replenished with external anesthetic and anti-inflammatory drugs ("Fastum-gel", "Finalgon"). They are available in the form of gels, ointments, in tubes. They are applied in small quantities to the affected area. Rub in with light movements. The procedure is repeated 1-2 times a day.

"Paracetamol"

Available in tablets, syrup. The active substance is paracetamol. Adults take orally a tablet 1 to 4 times a day, with an interval of 4 hours. The course of treatment is not more than a week. Children are allowed only single doses. Calculation up to 3 months. - 10 mg / kg, up to a year - 6-12 mg, up to 5 years - 120-250 mg, up to 12 years - 250-500 mg.

Contraindications - individual intolerance to the active substance, chronic alcoholism. Possible side effects are dyspeptic symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract, rarely - a violation of hematopoiesis and allergic reactions.

"Citramon"

Available in tablets. Active substances - acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, caffeine. Drink 1 tablet (up to a maximum of 8), with an interval of 4 hours, regardless of the meal. Wash down with water (preferably mineral) or milk. The course of treatment is no more than 10 days. Differs in a large number of contraindications.

The main ones are:

• pathologies and ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract;
• asthma;
• disruption of the kidneys and liver;
• glaucoma;
• arterial and portal hypertension;
• pregnancy;
• lactation period;
• hemophilia;
• hemorrhagic diathesis;
• severe ischemia of the heart;
• sleep disorders.

Possible side effects - nausea, vomiting, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract (in the presence of ulcers and erosions), increased blood pressure. Sometimes it causes toxic necrolysis, allergic reactions, renal and hepatic failure. Long-term side effects - headaches, tinnitus. Hemorrhagic manifestations, dizziness may be observed.

"Baralgin"

Available in tablets, injection solutions. The active substance is sodium metamizole, the auxiliary substances are macrogol, magnesium stearate. Take 2-3 times a day, 1-2 tablets. Drink with plenty of water. The course of treatment is 3-5 days.

Contraindications:

• asthma;
• hepatic porphyria;
• 1st and 3rd trimester of pregnancy;
• severe hematopoiesis disorders;
• individual intolerance to active ingredients;
• severe liver and kidney disorders;
• anaphylactic reactions in the form of rhinitis, urticaria, edema.

Possible side effects are rare. Violations of the cardiovascular system, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia can be observed. With prolonged use of the drug, kidney malfunctions occur. Allergic reactions are rare.

"Aspirin"

Available in tablets, included in powders for the treatment of influenza. The active substance is acetylsalicylic acid from the NSAID group. One-time intake of 1-3 tablets per day, at intervals of 4 hours, 2-3 times a day. The medicine is drunk after meals, washed down with plenty of water. The course of treatment is not more than a week.

Contraindications:

• hemorrhagic diathesis;
• asthma;
• ulcers and erosion of the stomach;
• combination with methotrexate;
• pregnancy;
• lactation period.

Possible side effects are nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, iron deficiency anemia. Erosive and ulcerative lesions, an increase in the activity of liver enzymes may appear. In case of an overdose, there is tinnitus, dizziness.

Ibuprofen

Available in tablets. The active substance is ibuprofen, plus auxiliary components. Take 1 tablet 3-4 times a day, with an interval of 4 hours. With severe inflammation - three times 2 pieces. The course of treatment is up to 5 days.

Contraindications:

• intolerance to the active substance and acetylsalicylic acid;
• gastrointestinal diseases;
• internal and intracranial hemorrhages;
• after bypass surgery;
• intestinal inflammation;
• exacerbation of liver disease.

Possible side effects are disorders of the digestive and cardiovascular systems, the appearance of noise in the ears, ringing. Sometimes renal failure, anemia, nephritis, cystitis develop. Side effects include allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, spasms).

"Pinosol"

Available in drops. The active substances in the composition are mint, pine, eucalyptus oils, guaiazulene and alpha-tocopherol acetate. For adults on the first day, 1-2 drops every 1-2 hours, then - three times a day. Children are prescribed immediately the dosage of the second day. Also with "Pinosol" you can do inhalations.

Contraindications - children under 2 years old, individual intolerance to the components of the composition, allergic rhinitis. Possible side effects are burning, itching, swelling of the nasal mucosa.

"Ambrobene"

Available in tablets, syrup, capsules, solutions for injection and inhalation. The active substance is ambroxol hydrochloride. Children from 6 to 12 years old are given 1-2 tablets (or 1 spoonful of syrup) 2-3 times a day. Older - in the first three days three times, 1 capsule. Then one twice a day.

Contraindications - children under 6 years of age, lactose intolerance, hypersensitivity to the components of the composition. With caution - with a large formation of sputum, disruption of the bronchi, ulcers during an exacerbation. Possible side effects are rare - nausea, vomiting, allergic manifestations, dry mouth, abdominal pain.

"Mukaltin"

Available in tablets. The active substance is marshmallow root. In case of severe cough, dissolve in a tablet after 1-2 hours. Then the interval is doubled. Contraindications - individual intolerance to marshmallow. Possible side effects are allergic reactions only. Not recommended for pregnant women and during lactation.

Fervex

Produced in powder, packaged in sachets. For children separately - in a lower dosage. The active substances are paracetamol, pheniramine maleate, ascorbic acid, plus auxiliary components. The medicine is drunk in 1-2 sachets daily, stirring in a glass of warm (not hot) water.

Contraindications:

• ulcers and erosion of the gastrointestinal tract;
• alcoholism;
• allergy to active ingredients;
• portal hypertension;
• renal failure.

For children, the drug is contraindicated in blood diseases, serious malfunctions of the kidneys and liver. Side effects are extremely rare - nausea, itching, swelling, urticaria.

"Spazmalgon"

Available in tablets, injection solutions. The active substances are metamizole sodium, pitofenone, fenpiverinium bromide. Children 6-8 years old are given half a tablet (2-3 doses per day), 9-12 years old - ¾ each, 13-15 years old - whole. Adults drink 1-2, twice or three times a day. The course of therapy is no longer than 5 days.

Contraindications:

• decompensated heart failure;
• excessive sensitivity to tribuzone and butadiene;
• granulocytopenia;
• tachyarrhythmia;
• intestinal obstruction;
• severe malfunctions of the kidneys, liver;
• violation of bone marrow hematopoiesis;
• angina pectoris;
• hyperplasia of the prostate;
• some forms of glaucoma.

Side effects - slight burning sensation in the epigastric region, dry mouth, decreased blood pressure. Headaches, a malfunction of the hematopoietic system, urinary, cardiovascular system may also appear. Allergic reactions are extremely rare.

"No-Shpa"

Available in tablets and injection solutions. The active substance is drotaverine hydrochloride. Children from 6 to 12 years old - take a tablet no more than 1-2 times daily, older - one in 4 doses. Adults can drink 2-3 times, 1-2 pcs. Without a medical prescription, the course of treatment is no more than two days.

Contraindications:

• severe kidney, heart, or liver failure;
• breastfeeding period;
• excessive sensitivity to the components of the drug;
• age up to 6 years;
• intolerance to galactose;
• pregnancy.

They drink the medicine with caution for arterial hypotension. Side effects are rare - palpitations, headaches, nausea. Blood pressure may decrease, dizziness, insomnia may occur. Sometimes allergic symptoms appear (rash, itching, swelling).

"Corvalol"

Produced in a solution for oral administration. The active ingredients are alpha-bromisovaleric acid ethyl ester, peppermint oil, phenobarbital. Adults drink 15-30 drops, stirring them in 100 ml of water - 2-3 times daily.

Contraindications - breastfeeding, severe kidney and liver failure, intolerance to active ingredients. Side effects - dizziness, excessive drowsiness, distracted attention. Very rarely - allergic symptoms.

"Novo-Passit"

Available in tablets, syrup. The active substances are herbal extracts and guaifenesin. Tablets - one at a time (syrup - 5 ml) three times a day, before meals, with a break of 4-6 hours. If anxiety is severe, the dosage can be doubled.

Contraindications - intolerance to the components of the drug, myasthenia gravis. Use with caution in diseases of the liver, brain and gastrointestinal tract, epilepsy. Side effects include decreased attention, nausea, and dizziness. Stool disturbances sometimes appear.

"Nitroglycerine"

Available in tablets. The active substance is nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate). In case of an attack before the arrival of the ambulance, dissolve the pill (you cannot swallow) under the tongue, but no more than three pieces in 15 minutes. Differs in a large list of contraindications.

Basic:

• heart attack with severe hypotension;
• shock state;
• cardiac tamponade;
• pulmonary edema;
• high intracranial pressure;
• hypersensitivity to nitrates;
• high intraocular pressure with angle-closure glaucoma.

Possible side effects are weakness, frequent headaches, and flushing of the face. Sometimes nausea and vomiting, dry mouth may appear. Sometimes there is cyanosis, visual impairment, allergic manifestations.

"Cerucal"

Available in tablets and injection solutions. The active substance is metoclopramide hydrochloride. The tablets are taken one half an hour before meals, three times a day. The maximum dosage is 60 mg. Injections are given to children 2-14 years old, calculating according to the formula 0.1 mg / kg (no more than 0.5 mg / kg per day). Adults can be administered in an ampoule 1-3 times a day.

Contraindications:

• bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract;
• perforation of the stomach, intestines;
• pheochromocytoma;
• Parkinson's disease;
• intestinal obstruction;
• prolactin-dependent tumors.

Possible side effects are dizziness, stool disturbances, drowsiness, dry mouth. The elderly sometimes have dyskinesia, symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Gynecomastia and galactorrhea are periodically observed.

"Senade"

Available in tablets. The active ingredient is hay leaf extract. At the age of 6 to 12 years, children are given ½ tablets once a day, from 13 years old - whole. If there is no effect, the dosage is increased by 2-3 times. The tablets are washed down with water.

Contraindications:

• cystitis;
• strangulated hernia;
• spastic constipation;
• water and electrolyte imbalance;
• intestinal obstruction;
• excessive sensitivity to active ingredients;
• pain in the abdomen for an unclear reason;
• peritonitis;
• internal bleeding;
• acute inflammation in the abdomen.

Drink with caution during pregnancy, kidney and liver pathologies, after surgical strip operations. Side effects - excessive gas production, abdominal pain, bouts of nausea. Disorders of the urinary and cardiovascular systems, dermatological reactions, and disruptions in the central nervous system may occur.

"Lopedium"

Available in tablets, powder capsules. The active substance is loperamide hydrochloride. Children are given one capsule. Without biting it, you need to wash it down with water. Adults can drink 2 tablets. They must be taken after each bowel movement. As the stool begins to heal, the dosage is gradually reduced.

Contraindications:

• acute colitis due to antibiotics;
• allergic reactions;
• bacterial enterocolitis;
• acute form of dysentery.

Possible side effects - flatulence, intestinal obstruction, nausea, constipation. Sometimes there is tremor, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, urinary retention.

Activated carbon

Available in tablets. The active substance is activated carbon, the auxiliary is potato starch. For children - 1 tablet 2-3 times in 24 hours, for adults - 1-3 for 4 doses. Take 60 minutes before meals or 2 hours after meals. The maximum dosage for adults is no more than 8 tablets per day.

Contraindications:

• intestinal atony;
• hypersensitivity to drug components;
• internal bleeding;
• ulcers in the esophagus;
• simultaneous use of methionine and other anti-toxic agents.

Side effects include constipation, black stool. With prolonged use of coal, the absorption of nutrients may be impaired.

"Phosphalugel"

It is produced in the form of a homogeneous gel in sachets. Active ingredient - aluminum phosphate, auxiliary - orange flavor, potassium sorbate, pectin, sorbitol. The gel can be eaten neat or stirred in 100 ml of water. Take a sachet 2-3 times a day. With pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract - preferably before meals.

Contraindications - impaired renal function, intolerance to the components of the drug. Among the side effects are extremely rare and only in the elderly - in the form of constipation.

"Tavegil"

Available in tablets. The active substance is clemastine hydrofumarate. Children from 6 to 12 years old are given ½ tablets twice a day, adults - one at a time, also for 2 doses. Wash down with cool water. The maximum dosage is 6 tablets.

Contraindications:

• lactation period;
• angle-closure glaucoma;
• respiratory tract pathology;
• hyperplasia of the prostate;
• pregnancy;
• thyrotoxicosis;
• use with MAO inhibitors.

Side effects - tremors, dizziness, drowsiness. There may be a lack of coordination, lethargy, headaches. In children, it sometimes negatively affects the nervous system (insomnia or overexcitement occurs).

"Captopril"

Available in tablets. The active substance is captopril. In case of a pressure surge, one tablet must be placed under the tongue and dissolve. For the second time, you can take the second at least an hour later.

Contraindications:

• myocardiopathy;
• a tendency to edema;
• narrowing of the aorta;
• pregnancy;
• renal arterial stenosis;
• the primary form of hyperaldosteronism;
• narrowing of the mitral valve.

  

Possible side effects are nervous system disorders, dizziness, migraines, and sometimes palpitations. Disruptions in the work of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary system and hematopoiesis may occur. Allergic reactions are very rare.

"Cordiamin"

Available in tablets, drops. The active substance is niketamide. Adults are given 15-40 drops 2-3 times a day. If a child needs a medicine, then the number of drops should correspond to his age.

Contraindications - predisposition to seizures, epilepsy. Possible side effects are muscle cramps, abnormal heart rhythms, itching. Sometimes there is redness of the skin and vomiting.

"Sulfacyl sodium"

Available in drops, powder. The active substance is sodium sulfacetamide monohydrate. The solution is instilled in 1-2 drops 5-6 times a day, with an interval of 4-8 hours. Infants are instilled in 2 drops immediately after birth (for the prevention of blennorrhea), then with an interval of 2 hours during the day. The powder is poured onto infected wounds.

Contraindications - intolerance to the components of the drug. Side effects - skin redness, itching, swelling. Sometimes dyspeptic disorders appear.

Chlorhexidine

Available in the form of an aqueous solution. The active substance is chlorhexedine bigluconate. For sexually transmitted diseases, douching is done. In other cases, the damaged surfaces and wounds are washed with a solution. You can make applications by leaving them on the affected areas for 3 minutes.

Contraindications - individual intolerance to the components of the composition, with some forms of dermatitis, together with other antiseptics. Do not rinse your eyes with the solution. Side effects - allergic symptoms (itching, rash, dry skin).

"D-Panthenol"

Available as a cream and ointment for external use. The active substance is dexpanthenol. It is applied to the damaged areas with a thin layer once a day, applied to the nipples in the form of a compress. When processing the uterine mucosa, the cream is used several times a day. Contraindications - intolerance to the components of the drug. Possible side effects are rare - rash, redness, itching.

In the home medicine cabinet, the list of necessary medicines contains drugs and first aid supplies. This will help to cope with minor short-term ailments, burns, prevent inflammation, infections and diseases. However, for serious treatment, you need to consult a doctor who will prescribe the necessary drugs.

Home first aid kit video

Doctor's advice about a home first aid kit: