1 Causes of diarrhea in a baby

A baby is susceptible to the most insignificant reasons for diarrhea. In this regard, the list of causative agents of diarrhea is quite extensive:

1. Liquid stool can be a consequence of the fact that the child has been fattened with fiber.
2. A common cause of diarrhea is allergy. In infancy, an allergic reaction can cause almost any food product.
3. Infringement of a mode of input of complementary food.
4. If a child is breastfeeding, then he is prone to diarrhea if the mother feeds.
5. If a nursing mother accepts various drugs, for example antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, antacids or laxatives, the baby will have diarrhea.
6. Up to 1 year old the child is susceptible to various infectious diseases. These can be viruses, bacteria or fungi. Most often, children suffer from salmonellosis, escherichiosis, campylobacteriosis, amoebic and bacterial dysentery, rotavirus infection.
7. Incorrect operation of bile ducts leading to diarrhea, most often affects children from 1 year and older.
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8. Stress, nervous tension.
9. Changing climatic conditions. This happens when moving from one climatic zone to another.
10. Diarrhea often occurs with the growth of teeth. This type of disease is not dangerous and lasts for two, maximum three days, so it does not threaten with severe dehydration.

Diarrhea in medical practice is divided for reasons of infection,neurogenic. The duration of diarrhea can be chronic - over 3 weeks - and acute, with a duration of up to 3 weeks.

2 Symptoms of the disease

The main symptom of diarrhea is liquid feces. It has a watery substance and an unusual color and smell. In addition, the child experiences a waste of gases. There are pains in the area of ​​the large intestine, frequent desires for defecation, you can hear a rumbling in your stomach.

If the feces have a greenish tinge and there is mucus, blood and undigested food fractions, then most likely it can be diseases such as enteritis, colitis, or bile duct failure. If the baby has fever with diarrhea, it means that his teeth are either cutting, or an infectious disease takes place. In the case of teeth, diarrhea takes 2-3 days. If there is no fever with diarrhea, but there is vomiting, nausea, these are signs of poisoning, worms, allergic reaction or dysbiosis.

The main danger of diarrhea is dehydration and the associated imbalance of electrolytes in the body. Signs of a similar condition:

• frequent breathing;
• decreased skin sensitivity;
• the child does not lose the feeling of thirst;
• baby is apathetic and sleepy;
• tongue and lips are dry and hot;
• the child cries without the secretion of tears.

If a parent observes one of these signs, let alone several of them, immediately call an ambulance or take the child to the doctor himself. Especially if the kid has a green stool and the body temperature has risen, in 1 year and younger it is serious symptoms, the child can die.

3 Diagnosis of the disease

During the diagnosis of the disease the doctor finds out the cause of the appearance of diarrhea, never treatment is appointed, just stopping diarrhea - it is necessary to cure the disease that caused it. For this purpose, a detailed and complete anamnesis is being collected, that is, the mother of the child tells in detail how and what she fed him and when and how the first signs of pathology appeared.

Then the child is taken to the analysis of blood and feces. A scraping is done from the anus - this is necessary to identify the parasites. To determine the intensity of intestinal motility, an enema with barium is made-this substance is clearly visible on X-ray equipment.

4 Treatment of diarrhea

The main thing in the treatment of diarrhea in children is not just to stop diarrhea in time, but quickly and correctly restore the balance of electrolytes in the blood. After all, with diarrhea, the most dangerous phenomenon is the dehydration of the body.

In order for potassium and other minerals to recover in full, the baby should be given Regidron, Glucosolan or Citroglucosalan. The dosage and the regimen should be prescribed by the doctor, at least in the first case of diarrhea, in the future the parents will already know what to do with the repeated appearance of diarrhea.

In addition, the child should receive sorbents, removing toxic substances from the stomach and intestines, such drugs include Enterosgel, Smecta, Polysorb, Activated Carbon or Polyphepan. Again, for the first time it is necessary that the medicines be prescribed by a doctor.

For dysbacteriosis, the baby is prescribed Bifikol, Bifiform, Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin, Hilak Forte or Lineks. In case of bacterial infection, the child should take Furazolidone, Enterofuril, Enterol, Phthalazol, Levomycetin, Intetrix or Sulgin.

Loperamide, Imodium, and Suprilol are used to reduce intestinal motility. These are very serious drugs, and mistakes in the intake or dosage regimen are unacceptable, so the therapy is prescribed by the doctor after a complete examination of the child and ascertaining the exact cause of diarrhea. Treatment is also conducted for the disease that caused diarrhea. During therapy, the baby should drink more, the most useful beverages in this situation are rice decoction and starch solution.

The diet for diarrhea is not less important than treatment. Firstly, during the treatment, it is necessary to completely exclude from the baby's diet grape, apricot and plum juice - in the pulp of these fruits, too much fiber. Secondly, do not give fresh milk and fatty meat.

A child aged 1 year and older must eat white bread, lean meats or lean soup during treatment, and the meat can also be steamed. Rice and pearl barley are very useful. You can eat cottage cheese, cheese, and drink sour milk. Older children can eat boiled eggs and omelettes. You can drink green tea or cocoa.

5 Preventative measures

In order for diarrhea in a child to appear less often, it is necessary to observe several rules of prevention from childhood. First, it is necessary to ensure that the child does not take dirty hands in his mouth. To do this, he needs to wash them more often, accustom the baby to this process from childhood. Secondly, fresh vegetables and fruits must be thoroughly washed before consumption, this should also be taught to the child.

The first years of life the child should drink only boiled water. All products of animal origin must be thoroughly digested. Do not use medicines intended for adults to treat diarrhea in your baby. Along with antibiotics, the child must take a probiotic so that the dysbacteriosis does not start.

A child should walk more often outdoors, regardless of what time of the year it is now - summer or winter. The child should walk only under the supervision of a mother or other adult person: if the baby is on the street alone, it is not known what object he can put in his mouth.