Miscellaneous

Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, table, presentation briefly

click fraud protection

Content

  1. Definition
  2. Adaptation
  3. Activity and passivity
  4. Ambivalence
  5. Dynamism
  6. Dominance
  7. Contagiousness
  8. Irradiation
  9. Switchability
  10. Transfer
  11. Plastic
  12. Subjectivity
  13. Summation
  14. Versatility
  15. Video about the properties of emotions

Emotions are the body's sensually colored response a person to some external or internal stimulus. An individual may feel the joy of meeting a loved one or be upset about a sad memory. But sometimes people react irrationally to events. This behavior is explained by the fact that in psychology, emotions have different properties, which lead to such reactions.

Definition

The properties of emotions in psychology are various mental processes that manifest themselves in one or different situations in a person's life. The concept of "emotion" was first introduced into science by the researcher McClain in 1852. The term denoted the processes of the psyche that are included from the individual's experience of the relationship to various phenomena of the surrounding world.

Emotions are made up of several components:

insta story viewer
  • awareness of the response;
  • processes occurring in the body;
  • expressive displays of emotions.

All feelings experienced are characterized by polarity, for example, joy and sadness, love and hate. As one feeling grows stronger, the other weakens or disappears. Emotion is a reflection of an attitude towards an object or object. These feelings are out of control. A person may understand that some emotions are unacceptable, but they still need to be experienced.

Feelings appear as a result of an individual's value judgment. The emergence of a certain emotion depends on how a particular person assesses the situation, regardless of its content.

Feelings are always accompanied by a response from the body. It is expressed in facial expressions and pantomime, motor manifestations, intonation, strength and tempo of the voice. Emotions also vary in depth, duration and intensity.

Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, table

The properties of emotion serve several functions:

  • motivational - provoke actions that cause a positive response and avoid negative;
  • behavioral - it is expressed in the fact that a person experiencing joy will behave in a completely different way from a sad one;
  • informational - provide certain information;
  • communicative - participate in interpersonal communication.
    Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, table
    Properties of emotions in psychology
Property Description
Integrality Formation of a single whole from all the properties of the body. Integrality allows you to assess the benefits of any impacts even before the type, form, mechanism and other characteristics of these stimuli are determined. The property also makes it possible to respond with a specific emotion, which will be most suitable for a person's adaptation to certain conditions.
Communicativeness Transfer of information between people using facial expressions, intonations, timbre of voice, gestures. According to K. Izard, children of pre-verbal age communicate their emotions to the world around them using this property.
Anticipation (anticipation) Understanding the likely resolution of the situation before it ends. Forecasting is possible thanks to generalized ideas about imaginary or actually experienced events. This property is at the heart of an emotion like anxiety.
Mnesticity Memorization, storage and reproduction of feelings, with the subsequent repetition of the event in which they appeared. Mysticism is responsible for emotional memory. R.M. Granovskaya highlighted several features of this type of memory: involuntary reproduction, speed of education and strength.

Emotional memorization makes it possible to quickly retain the memory of the cause of the emotion. However, such information is often not accurate, but distorted over time.

Generalization The emergence of an emotional response from stimuli that are not important to the individual. Generalization appears against the background of a low ability to discriminate between influences. Therefore, multiple stimuli can generate an emotional response. For example, if a child is frightened by a dog (loud barking, bite), then he may react in the same way to other animals.

Adaptation

The properties of emotions in psychology were considered by domestic and foreign psychologists, such as V. Wundt, Z. Freud, P.V. Simonov. Adaptation is considered one of the most important sensory qualities. This is a decrease in the strength of emotional reactions with prolonged exposure to repetitive stimuli. Over time, the response to stimuli may disappear altogether.Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, table

This property is manifested even when using positive stimulation. For example, if the same activity is used as an incentive for employees, they will gradually stop giving an emotional response, as they adapt to what is happening. To resume the property, you must temporarily stop using the stimulus or change it. V. Vitvitsky wrote that moderate emotions of displeasure are also subject to adaptation, but not in the case of pain.

Activity and passivity

This property is expressed as a transition state from preparation to action. Physically, it manifests itself in the form of a forward tilt of the body and an increase in muscle tone. This happens with disgust, fear. Interest is called active emotion, since it contains a desire for action. Attention is a passive sensation.

Ambivalence

Ambivalence is an internal contradiction that arises as a result of ambivalence towards the same thing or object. This sensation simultaneously evokes the emotional experience of acceptance and rejection. A person at the same time experiences negative and positive emotions.

The definition of this property was identified by the Swiss psychiatrist E. Blair. In psychoanalysis, this manifestation is explained by conflicts in the motivational sphere of the individual. The versatility of what is happening in the surrounding world, the variety of needs in a poorly integrated personality lead to the emergence of ambivalence.Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, table

A.N. Leont'ev considered property to be not a characteristic feature of emotions. He said that ambivalence appears when there is a mismatch or the presence of contradictions in relation to the object of emotional relations in a specific situation. For example, in some cases, the actions or actions of loved ones can cause anger or rage.

Dynamism

The properties of emotions differ in terms of duration. Dynamism consists in the periodicity of the course and represents the phase development of emotions. It is based in psychology on the increase in tension from the stimulus and its decrease. Emotional intensity grows in a wait-and-see attitude: the closer the event, the more tension increases. The same action occurs with constant exposure to a negative stimulus.

The resolution of the heat of emotions appears in the course of the expected situation. A person experiences this as pacification, relief, or feels completely exhausted.

Polish psychologist T. Tomaszewski identified 4 stages of the formation of anger:

  • cumulation (increased arousal);
  • explosion;
  • reducing the intensity of emotions;
  • extinction.

Dominance

Strong feelings can suppress emotions that are opposite and keep them out of the mind of the individual. For example, if a person is upset, then he will not be able to join the general joy. Also, if he is joyful, he will not want to delve into a sad situation.

Contagiousness

Contagiousness is sharing an emotion with other people. The effect manifests itself in the form of general fun, panic, or boredom. This property of emotions is studied in most detail in social psychology when disclosing the topic of mechanisms for the development of group cohesion or human actions in a crowd.Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, table

NS. Fress believed that the effect of infection becomes more intense with a decrease in social distance between people, as well as with a strong external expression of emotions. Strengthening of the property also occurs when a person is identified with the individual from whom the feeling emanates.

Irradiation

This property is based on the idea of ​​the individual that the emotions he experiences are also experienced by all the people around him. For example, a joyful person thinks that everyone around him is happy and smiles back at him, while an embittered person, on the contrary, thinks that everyone around him is just as upset. Most of the manifestations of irradiation are found in the functioning of moods.

Switchability

Switchability is expressed in the fact that the object of one emotion is another. For example, a person is simultaneously ashamed of joy, experiences pleasure from fear or sadness.

Transfer

Transference is a feeling close to irradiation. It lies in the ability to transfer to other objects. For example, a person in love experiences sentimental sensations not only from the sight of the beloved, but also from the objects that he possesses - a scarf, gloves, notes. Thus, the feeling of transference is felt by people who meet fellow countrymen away from home.

Plastic

The properties of emotions in psychology can have different qualities. Plasticity is a variety of shades of experiencing the feeling of one modality. The property differs in the quantitative component in terms of duration and intensity, and in the qualitative component in the sign (positive or negative). Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, tableFor example, fear is considered a negative emotion, but people who like thrills experience joy and excitement from commonly accepted scary situations.

Subjectivity

Subjectivity or bias is manifested in the dependence of the individual's reaction to different life events from a subjective attitude, which is based on needs, experience, temperament, attitudes person. All mental phenomena are considered biased. The subjectivity of the nature of the flow of emotions is expressed in the ability to highlight the significance of a particular situation for each person.

P.V. Simonov called feelings "a universal measure of subjectivity." This measure includes the state of the motivational sphere at the moment of “here and now, success or failure certain types of activities, as well as the originality of acquired and congenital traits of response to situations.

For example, performances in front of the audience evoke pleasant emotions in some people, and negative in others. In the second type of individuals, this may be the cause of congenital shyness or is associated with a negative experience of previous performances.

Summation

Combining individual sensations into complex formations of emotions. Feelings are combined in spatial formations, that is, experienced at the same time, and in temporary associations that occur one after another.

The emotional response caused by the same object develops throughout life. So the intensity increases, the feelings become stronger, the experiences become stronger. V. Vitvitsky wrote that the greatest strength of sensations appears not at the first meeting with a stimulus, but in subsequent ones. Summation is often not recognized by the individual and is a hidden property.Properties of emotions in psychology, moods and feelings. Views, table

According to the theories of W. McDougall, R. Plutchik, V. Wundt, summation is considered the leading property of emotions. On its basis, more complex feelings arise from simple feelings. V. Wundt singled out the principles of combining the elements of sensations into an integral formation. These are the principles of the value of the whole, the gradation of elements, the intensification of emotions when they are added.

The presence of the property was revealed in the study of fear. People with a low level of courage were more afraid of being in a dangerous situation again than the first time. After that, the level of fear decreases due to another mechanism - adaptation.

Versatility

This property was identified by the psychologist W. McDougall. It is expressed in the fact that emotions do not depend on the specifics and needs of the activity from which they flow. Anger, anxiety, hope, joy can also appear when a need is satisfied. This means that the mechanisms for the emergence of feelings are special and independent of the mechanisms for the emergence of certain needs. The same thing happens with the tone of emotions. The pleasure is experienced from different representations, sensations, images of perception.

Psychologists believe that understanding your own emotions has a positive effect on a person's mental health. Emotional properties help to adapt to various situations, forget negative experiences, maintain sensory reactions to repeat the response in a similar event, as well as establish communication between people.

Video about the properties of emotions

Emotions. Functions, intensity, basic emotions:

  • Share
Xams 0.0.0..15
Miscellaneous

Xams 0.0.0..15

My Resource [email protected] Session Start * * * *: *: * * [email protected] Traffic Analysis for it. html allowed ...

Microsoft Site Server Analysis
Miscellaneous

Microsoft Site Server Analysis

My Resource Chapter 1 ORA-00921: unexpected end of SQL command [email protected] \ "powered for it. Web File Browser till the day before; so it wil...

Endymion.sak? .mail.login.page
Miscellaneous

Endymion.sak? .mail.login.page

My Resource glad to see them; he had felt their importance in the family circle. The mysql_connect Bourgh when the living of Hunsford was vacant; a...