Diseases Of The Pancreas

Treatment of pancreatic inflammation with drugs

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1 Syndromes of the disease

Syndromes and diseases leading to impaired pancreatic function are closely intertwined. Often the onset of one disease leads to numerous complications. Sometimes after a successful operation, the patient is forced to use medicines for the rest of his life.

Symptoms of trouble are grouped into syndromes.

  • syndrome of abdominal pain;
  • intoxication;
  • Compression Syndrome;
  • excretory insufficiency syndrome;
  • syndrome of endocrine disorders.

Abdominal pain occurs with acute pancreatitis and its complications( pancreatic necrosis, peritonitis), with exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, with advanced forms of cancer. Acute pancreatitis is a more common cause. Pains appear in the upper abdomen, often in the left hypochondrium, soon acquire a shingling character, they are given to the left shoulder blade, the lower back. If untimely started treatment, pancreatonecrosis develops quickly enough. This is because against the background of inflammation, external secretion intensifies, and enzymes begin to aggressively digest the gland tissue, causing it to necrosis. The attack is provoked by the reception of fatty spicy food against the background of alcohol( for example, pelmeni for vodka, shish kebab from pork with beer).When cancer pain local, associated with the extension of the capsule of the gland or its germination and compression of neighboring organs.

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Picture 1

We recommend that you familiarize yourself with

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Intoxication accompanies a complicated course of acute pancreatitis or cancer in 3-4 stages.

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Compression or compression syndrome occurs with cholelithiasis, stones can be found in the ducts of the pancreas. In this case, the patient is disturbed by vomiting. There is a change in the color of urine( dark color), feces( lightens, white feces).

Exocrine insufficiency syndrome is typical for chronic inflammation of the pancreas. It is also observed with a rare hereditary disease due to the gene mutations that have occurred - cystic fibrosis. Due to a lack of enzymes, food is poorly digested and absorbed. The patient is suffering from diarrhea. The body weight decreases. Undigested fats come out with feces, forming a characteristic fat gloss on the toilet.

Endocrine insufficiency syndrome is manifested by disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. If the special cells that produce insulin are damaged, diabetes mellitus of the first type arises. The first manifestations of diabetes are often immediately in the form of complications - coma - occur in children and adolescents. When there is a violation of metabolic processes, there are situations when, in the presence of a sufficient amount of insulin in the blood, it ceases to bind the sugar supplied with food and does not transfer it to glycogen. This is one of the signs of metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus. I must say that it occurs quite often in people of both sexes of middle age.

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2 Painkillers and antispasmodics

A patient with acute pancreatitis is hospitalized in a surgical department. To relieve the pain syndrome after clarifying the condition of the pancreas and the absence of indications for immediate surgical treatment prescribe painkillers and drugs from the group of antispasmodics. At the beginning of treatment non-narcotic analgesics Baralgin, Analgin are used. These drugs are recommended for intravenous injection to achieve a better effect. Sometimes you have to resort to novocaine blockades. According to the indications, an epidural block is conducted, that is, drugs are injected directly into the epidural space of the spinal cord. Well-proven No-shpa and its analogue Drotaverin, Papaverin, Maxigan, Spazmalgon. If the analgesic effect is inadequate, narcotic analgesics should be prescribed:

  • Morphine;
  • Tramal;
  • Promedol;
  • Hydromorphine;
  • Meperidin.

Picture 2

Acute pancreatitis requires the most gentle treatment, so when admitted to the hospital, the patient is prescribed hunger, bed rest, local cold( ice-warmer).

Simultaneously, to remove symptoms of intoxication, infusion therapy is performed - intravenous drip saline, albumins, colloidal and crystalloid solutions, and sometimes erythromass. In the first days of the disease, to maintain the normal volume of circulating fluid in the vascular bed, it is recommended to pour up to 5-6 or more liters of solutions.

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With more mild manifestations of pain syndrome with acute or exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, it is possible to restrict oneself to intramuscular administration of analgesics and antispasmodics or even their oral administration. Simultaneously with analgesics use medications that affect the innervation( Amitriptyline, Doxepin).To reduce the compression prescribed antioxidants( vitamins A, E, C), Allopurinol. Decrease in secretion is achieved by the appointment of omeprazole, rabeprazole.

Picture 3

It is important to remember and strictly observe the following rule. If you have pain in the abdomen before the examination of a doctor, you are strictly prohibited to take analgesics and antispasmodics yourself! Do not use heating procedures!

3 Antibacterial drugs

Despite the fact that acute pancreatitis begins as an aseptic inflammation, the use of antibiotics begins in the first hours of admission to hospital. This exercise will help prevent the development of formidable complications, such as pancreas necrosis and peritonitis. Antibiotic solutions in severe cases are administered intravenously simultaneously with infusion therapy.

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The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics of the latest generations is recommended. For example: Imipinem, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin.

Picture 4

4 Effects on the exocrine activity of

In acute pancreatitis, protease inhibitors( Gordoks, Contrikal, Dalargin, Sandostatin) are intravenously injected in order to reduce the production of proteolytic enzymes in the inflamed gland and prevent the development of pancreatic necrosis during the first hours.

Picture 5

In chronic pancreatitis, it is very important to provide the patient with substitution enzyme therapy. The purpose of the enzymes has two purposes:

  • to ensure complete digestion of food;
  • protect the pancreas from active exocrine activity.

When selecting substitution enzyme therapy, the following should be considered:

  • preparation should contain a sufficiently high amount of lipase enzymes that break down fats, as this process suffers more;
  • the active enzyme should be enclosed in a special shell to protect it from exposure to the acidic environment of the stomach;
  • the drug should show its maximum activity in the alkaline medium of the duodenum;
  • it is preferable to use enzymes of vegetable origin than the animal, for example, the Bromeline enzyme derived from pineapple.

Enzyme intake in chronic pancreatitis can improve appetite, reduce nausea and vomiting, reduce bloating, normalize the stool, improve digestion of food intake. The pharmacy network offers a wide range of enzyme preparations:

  • Mezim;
  • Festal;
  • Panzinorm;
  • Pancreatin;
  • Creon.

Picture 6

Preparations from vegetable raw materials, mainly, are produced as biologically active additives.

In chronic pancreatitis, in addition to strict adherence to a special diet and absolute refusal of alcohol, it is recommended to take funds in the form of tablets or capsules before each meal.

Only a doctor can prescribe.

5 Influence on internal secretion of

The problem of the violation of internal secretion of the pancreas is eliminated by an endocrinologist. Diabetes mellitus of the first type requires strict adherence to low-carbohydrate diet, the patient is recommended to count the consumed carbohydrates by the number of so-called grain units. In the case of mild forms of diabetes mellitus, the second type of dietary compliance is sufficient to correct blood sugar, which the patient controls independently.

In type 1 diabetes, insulin preparations are prescribed, that is, a hormone that is not produced enough in the pancreas. The dose of insulin is selected strictly individually, usually this is done when the patient is hospitalized. In the recent past, patients had to do subcutaneous insulin injections several times a day. At the present time, extended-acting drugs have been developed in convenient pen-type forms. One painless injection of insulin is enough for the whole day.

Figure 7

In addition to insulin for patients of both types, there are so-called hypoglycemic drugs or hypoglycemic drugs. They are taken as prescribed by a doctor under constant control of blood sugar levels. There are several pharmacological groups of hypoglycemic agents, but the most common and effective are the derivatives of biguanides and sulfonylureas. The biguanide derivatives include:

  • Glucophage;
  • Siofor;
  • Gliiformin;
  • Diformin;
  • Metformin;
  • Adebit;
  • Silubin;
  • Buformin.

The first-generation sulfonylureas derivatives have disappeared from application due to the high incidence of side effects, the new generation drugs include:

  • Glibenclamide;
  • Gliklazid;
  • Glikvidon;
  • Glimepiride.

The drug of choice for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is Metformin. It minimizes the risk of vascular complications in diabetes mellitus, reducing the phenomenon of atherosclerosis, thereby reducing the risk of developing fatal complications of heart attack and stroke. Diabetes is dangerous precisely because of the development of a large number of complications( diabetic polyneuropathy, microcirculation disorders, diabetic foot, hyper- and hypoglycemic coma, cataracts, etc.).

Improves carbohydrate metabolism in taking magnesium( magne-B6) preparations, taking antioxidant vitamins.

Concluding the review of drug treatment for diseases of the pancreas, I want to encourage everyone to treat with special care for this small one( its mass in an adult does not exceed 100 g), but a very important organ. Fat food, alcohol, a lot of simple carbohydrates in the diet especially in combination with each other cause it a great damaging effect. Keeping the health of the pancreas, you will always get the joy of eating tasty and healthy food, protect yourself from lifelong reception of tablets and envious glances at the diet of healthy people.

Contents
  • 1 Syndromes of the disease
  • 2 Painkillers and antispasmodics
  • 3 Antibacterial drugs
  • 4 Exposure to exocrine activity
  • 5 Effect on internal secretion of

In order to correctly select the treatment of the pancreas with medicines, one must have an idea of ​​the symptoms that arise in the course of its pathology.

Anatomically the pancreas is located in the upper abdomen. This is an unpaired glandular organ about 15 cm in length, with a head, body and tail. The head is horseshoe shaped surrounded by 12 duodenum. In the body, the pancreas performs two functions:

  • , external secretion is associated with the production of a set of enzymes that come with bile into the 12 duodenum, where food is split into its constituent elements and digested;
  • internal secretion - the production of hormones of insulin and glucagon, regulating carbohydrate metabolism.

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Various pancreatic diseases have characteristic groups of symptoms, in which either it is necessary to use medicines, or to resort to surgery. Gastroenterologists, endocrinologists, surgeons, oncologists are engaged in the treatment of pancreas problems. And, often there is a real threat to life.

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