Overview
16 obstetric week of pregnancy - the end of the fourth month of pregnancy. The kid has grown significantly, and the abdomen of a woman is increasingly rounded. Some women can already feel the fetal movements.
What happens to the 16 week of pregnancy?
At the end of the fourth month of the fifth and the beginning of the uterus is gradually beginning to emerge into the abdominal cavity, resulting in pregnancy may be visible to others. uterine growth leads to increase of the load on the spine, which can cause pain in the lower back.
16 th week of pregnancy - a time when it is possible by ultrasound to determine the sex of the baby, because the external genitalia are formed. The child grew significantly from the previous week, and next month will a sharp jump in weight and height.
Usually in the middle of pregnancy, women have good health, and their appearance is improved markedly. Feeling in the stomach at 16 weeks of pregnancy are less pronounced. Passes nausea and intolerance of odors is reduced. The only problem that remains with the woman almost to the birth, is constipation.
Changes in a woman's body
The uterus has increased even more, and it weighs about 250 grams It is located at a distance of 7-8 cm from the navel. Belly Mama by the end of the fourth month, usually increases by 2-2.5 kg, but still sharp gain should not be. Weight gain is due to the increase of the volume of blood and lymphatic fluid, and the stretching of the uterus weight. However, if the weight gain is fast enough, it is necessary to see a specialist - this can be a sign of pre-eclampsia.
On this term is also often observed carpal tunnel syndrome, itching in the abdomen, hands, feet, swelling of the fingers, face, ankles. Because of the sluggishness bowel muscular wall difficult job. Since constipation threaten the normal development of the fetus, you need to carefully address the issues of regular bowel movements and proper nutrition.
Hormonal influence progesterone can cause pyelonephritis, which increases the risk of premature birth, so it is necessary to closely monitor their health and to be careful with different infections.
16 th week of pregnancy characterized interesting sensations. Mammary glands during pregnancy are actively preparing for the upcoming lactation. Milk ducts increases, which leads to swelling of the breast. Other possible changes may include:
- darkening of the nipple and areola, and the appearance of small nodules Montgomery;
- formation of a thin venous grid, due to an increase in blood supply to the body.
- At the foot of fatigue appear. Shifting the center of gravity of the body to gain weight - significantly increases the load on the legs. It was at this time a woman has a so-called walk "duck."
What happens in the stomach - feeling women
There are first sensations fetal movements. They have not sharp, and feel they can only be at rest. Since the child is in the free space of the uterus, and all his movements, "smooth out" the amniotic fluid, the first stirring of reminiscent of the "movement of fish", "butterflies flutter" or "bursting bubbles".
16 obstetric week of pregnancy accompanies slight discomfort, weakness or dizziness, which is due to the strong growth of the fetus. It is important to eat right and avoid long breaks between meals.
At the end of the fourth month, a woman can still remain easy toxicosis, and some expectant mothers saved morning sickness until delivery. Hormones in this period has stabilized, the feeling at the sixteenth week is no longer accompanied by mood swings, anxiety, tearfulness, irritability.
From the genital tract
At 16 weeks' gestation, obstetric allocation can change their nature: they are milky and increase in volume. But their consistency and smell remain the same. The appearance of such discharge is caused by stretching of the uterus wall and ligaments. If there are red, brown, yellow, green or yellow discharge with a pungent odor, accompanied by pain, the woman should visit a gynecologist to conduct a comprehensive survey.
To prevent possible problems expectant mother need to watch out for his hygiene, wear only natural cotton underwear. If necessary, you can use the funds for personal hygiene, panty liners and tampons should be avoided.
ultrasound
Between 16 to 20 weekly woman passes the second screening, which includes an ultrasonic scanning and analysis. It allows you to assess the viability and proper development of the fetus, as well as the presence / absence of any abnormalities.
On ultrasound scanning it is already possible to determine the sex of the fetus affiliation, since the outer bodies formed. Sometimes to do this can be difficult because the child can close itself handles or placed in an awkward position for imaging.
At the sixteenth week of readings held Doppler, which is necessary for the evaluation of blood flow in the umbilical cord. This test shows whether the fetus receives enough nutrients and oxygen from the mother.
What happens to the fetus at 16 weeks of pregnancy
The child already has about 109-117 mm in height, and weighing not less than '80 For its size it is similar to the avocado, but still moves freely in the uterus. The volume of amniotic fluid is about 250 ml.
Fetus formed a thin muscle layer, so he already knows how to keep his head straight and turn it to the side. Facial muscles also become stronger and the child can make active facial motion - frown, open mouth and winking. The girls on this term ovaries descend into the pelvic area, developed vagina, uterus and fallopian tubes. The boys formed the external genitalia, but the eggs still are located in the abdominal cavity.
Baby is swallowing amniotic fluid, can feel its taste. Kidney and bladder working well, so the fruit of pissing about once every 45 minutes. Sami amniotic updated up to 10 times a day. The umbilical cord that connects a mother to the fetus and transmitting nutrients, in this period is slightly lower than previously.
16 th week of pregnancy, obstetric - a time when it begins to form ligaments vocal apparatus, but the child will publish its first sounds only after birth. The skin of the developing nerve endings, so it becomes very sensitive. If any irritation of the baby compresses the fingers of a fist, he moves his arms and legs by mechanical action on the fetal bladder.
fetal blood has already been formed, and at this stage already it is possible to determine the type and Rh factor. But the child has produced fetal hemoglobin, which is structurally similar to oxygen. Usually by the end of the first year of baby's life is completely replaced by the ordinary.
Possible problems
At 16-20 weeks of pregnancy a woman goes through a second screening and triple test, which can determine the presence of certain pathologies, serious anomalies or Down's syndrome. If the results of tests the doctor will suggest a problem, the woman will have to undergo a special analysis - amniocentesis. It is implemented using a special fine needle, which take a small amount of amniotic fluid. This process is controlled by ultrasound. Before the procedure is applied on the puncture site local anesthesia. After the test is performed on the 40 vices. The risk of miscarriage associated with amniocentesis, is not more than 3%.
Other possible problems of this period include:
- cervical incompetence;
- Primary placental insufficiency.
What to look for?
During pregnancy, women are advised not to visit the sauna, steam room or take hot baths, because fever can adversely affect the development and well-being of the fetus.
During pregnancy, the benefit of moderate exercise - swimming, fitness, yoga. They allow you to feel better, to lift the mood of a woman, and to strengthen the tone. It is also useful to go over, because the mother movement, the child develops and improves the vestibular apparatus.
It should abandon the heels and very tight clothes. It is recommended to buy special clothes for pregnant women.
In the second trimester of pregnancy, it is important to deal with the prevention of stretch marks on the skin of the abdomen, thighs and breasts. Stretch marks occur when a large tension of the skin, so to prevent their occurrence it is necessary to actively nourish and moisturize with special products or simple creams, oils, emulsions. The mother's diet must contain a large amount of potassium-containing foods - milk, cottage cheese, cheese. Also, a woman needs to visit a dentist and treat teeth if necessary. In the third trimester it will be unsafe.
It is necessary to give up sleep on your stomach, as it may result in compression of the uterus and surrounding internal organs and cause discomfort to the fetus. The best position for sleeping pregnant - on the left or right side.
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