Diseases of the urinary bladder in men are diverse and arise for many reasons. Diseases in the genitourinary system occur not only in the bladder, but also in the organs that are located next to it. The causes of such pathologies depend on various factors. In the modern world, the body of a man is susceptible to various irritants, which adversely affect the patient's health. The urinary system is subject to the most environmental influences. A man should be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of bladder pathologies. If you seek help from a specialist in time, you can avoid various complications.
What is this body of
? The bladder represents a reservoir for the accumulation of fluid. The organ has a spherical shape. The walls of the bladder stretch well. Due to this feature, up to 750 ml of urine can accumulate in the bladder. To the upper part of the organ pass the ureters from both kidneys, in the lower part the bladder passes into the urethra, the canal passes into the urethra.
A person can independently control the process of emptying the bladder due to the sphincter. The valve is located between the urethra and the lower part of the bladder. If the condition of the sphincter is broken, then the man can not control the process of urination.
Various diseases can affect any part of the urinary system. Complication always affects the condition of the bladder.
General symptoms of pathology
A person can sense a bladder for two reasons:
- Bubble is full;
- Sore.
In the first case, it is required to empty the bladder, in the second it is necessary to identify the cause of soreness. Diseases of the urinary system are different, but have several similar symptoms. In case of problems with the organ, a man may experience acute, stitching or dull pain. The pain syndrome can last for a long time or quickly. All pathologies of the internal organs of the small pelvis lead to problems with urination. A person often visits the toilet. After that, the man has a feeling of not a devastated bladder. Especially often this problem occurs at night. The patient does not get enough sleep, becomes irritable. With prolonged course of the disease, a man may experience depression on the background of nervous stress. Such people need the help of psychologists and neuropathologists.
What pathologies occur
Diseases of the genitourinary system can have a bacterial and non-bacterial aetiology. Pathology can occur chronically or manifest as an acute form. There are a number of pathologies that affect or are reflected on the bladder:
-
Various cystitis; - Urethritis;
- Urolithiasis;
- Oncology or neoplasm;
- Pelvic injuries;
- Prostate adenoma.
All these diseases cause discomfort in the area of the bladder. A person suffering from any of the listed pathologies experiences pain and discomfort during urination.
To identify the cause of discomfort, a man should contact a medical center for advice. The doctor will help to narrow the range of diseases and appoint the necessary examination. Pathologies of the body include general analyzes to identify causes.
With any ailment of the urogenital system, a lot of useful information is provided by ultrasound. Modern ultrasound machines give a color three-dimensional image, which clearly shows the presence of any changes or neoplasms in the organ. The inflammatory process can be detected with the help of a detailed analysis of blood and urine. With inflammation in the blood there is a large number of white blood cells-leukocytes. They are necessary for the capture of pathogenic microorganisms and their removal from the body. Diseases of the body affect the amount of protein in the urine. The greater the damage to the tissues of the bladder, the higher the protein content.
After passing these tests, the doctor prescribes an additional study to determine the type of disease.
Cystitis
This kind of pathology affects the walls of the bladder, causing severe inflammation. Cystitis has two main forms:
- Bacterial cystitis;
- Noninfectious form.
Bacterial cystitis causes pathogenic microorganisms. Bacteria enter the organ through the urethral canal. The microbe settles on the walls of the bladder and begins to multiply actively. Bacterial cystitis is dangerous because it is caused by anaerobic microorganisms. Such bacilli do not require oxygen to maintain vital functions, they are well tolerated by temperature drop and drying. The most common cause of this disease is Staphylococcus aureus. It affects the walls of the organ and destroys the beneficial microflora.
Treatment of bacterial cystitis is combined. For therapy, antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drugs are used. Antibiotics are selected in laboratory conditions by the method of inoculation. For this, the bacterium is placed in a special medical bowl, where a colony of a pathogenic microorganism is grown. A week later, laboratory assistants reveal the sensitivity of the bacillus to various antibiotics. A good reaction is shown by preparations of a wide spectrum of action. They are capable of destroying several kinds of bacteria without damaging the useful flora. Anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to eliminate the consequences of the life of a pathogenic microorganism. Treatment of bacterial cystitis is carried out for two weeks with further prevention of the disease.
Non-infectious form occurs against a background of hypothermia or concomitant colds. Treatment of this form of cystitis involves the use of antibiotics from a number of fluoroquinolones. They contribute to the rapid elimination of inflammation from the walls of the bladder. Specialists widely use drugs, which include ciprofloxacin. The drug is taken at 500 mg twice a day for five days.
There is a danger of the transition of the acute form of cystitis to chronic. Chronic disease can be revealed to doctors only when examining the test. A man suffering from chronic cystitis does not experience discomfort, and does not complain. Chronic cystitis can cause impotence.
Urethritis
Disease occurs in the urethral canal of a male. The disease develops under the influence of pathogenic bacteria. The man pays attention to the appearance of pain when urinating, redness of the glans penis and the presence of seals in the penis. The disease is acute and causes severe discomfort in men.
Urethritis has two forms of flow:
- Acute leak;
- Chronic form.
Acute urethritis is accompanied by cutting pains at the end of urination. In severe forms, the disease causes an increase in body temperature and vomiting. The doctor can quickly establish a diagnosis with external examination. When palpation of the penis, the urethral canal is sealed. The patient complains of acute pain when emptying the bladder and the redness of the external genitalia. If the pathology is eliminated at this stage, then further infection of the bladder can be avoided.
Chronic form of urethritis affects the urethra and bladder. The bacterium passes over the mucous membrane of the urethra and settles on the epithelial tissue of the bladder. At this stage of the disease, the patient may have purulent discharge from the penis. Prolonged flow of chronic urethritis can lead to sepsis.
Treatment is performed with antibacterial therapy with the addition of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The main antibiotics belong to a series of cephalosporins. They have a destructive effect on the membrane of a pathogenic bacterium. The walls of the pathogenic cell are destroyed, and the microorganism dies. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the course of urethritis. In some cases, the patient is prescribed additional washing of the urethra with antibacterial drugs. Physicians use two types of medications: miramistin and a solution of furacilin.
Urolithiasis
Urolithiasis occurs with congestion in the bladder. The stones are formed in the kidneys. The process is pathological. Pain in the disease starts from the side, then passes to the front of the abdominal cavity and irradiates to the mochenakopitelny body. This process indicates the transition of the stone to the ureters.
The process is accompanied by acute pain and causes a lot of inconvenience to the patient. Treatment of urolithiasis is carried out under stationary conditions. In severe forms, a man undergoes a surgical procedure.
The disease is detected by ultrasound. On the screen you can see the presence of one or more stones and a small amount of suspension in the urine.
Prostatitis
Prostate adenoma is a common cause of bladder disease. The process can take place in acute or chronic form. Prostatitis develops for the following reasons:
- Bacterial infection;
- Hormonal failure;
- Concomitant diseases.
Bacterial prostatitis is infectious. Infection affects the soft tissues of the prostate and causes inflammation in the organ. The organ begins to increase in size and swell. Since the prostate is located behind the bladder, it begins to press down on the lower part of the organ. A small pocket is formed on the bladder, in which urine accumulates. When urinating, fluid from the pocket is not withdrawn, stagnant phenomena occur. The prolonged presence of fluid in the bladder leads to inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder.
A man complains of frequent visits to the toilet, the process is increasing at night. The patient experiences constant pressure in the peritoneum and discomfort during defecation. Prostatitis causes various diseases of the pelvic organs. Incorrect treatment can lead to infertility in men.
Treatment of prostatitis is the use of anti-inflammatory, antibiotic drugs and muscle relaxants. To remove the spasm from the bladder, drugs containing finasteride help. The drug has an antitumor effect on prostate tissue. Edema from the gland subsides, and the pressure from the mochenakopitelnogo organ goes away. The drug helps to quickly resolve problems with urination.
For the treatment of pathology, antibiotics are widely used. Levofloxacin is popular with doctors. The drug refers to broad-spectrum antibiotics. The treatment is carried out within one week and quickly eliminates the problem.
Tumors and neoplasms
The bladder is prone to the formation of various growths and cysts. Some neoplasms are of an oncological nature. Oncology should be treated by a specialist.
Neoplasms on the walls of the organ can be detected with ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Education can be in the form of papillomas, cysts or outgrowths. Papillomas are formed in the male body under the influence of the human papilloma virus. The growth has the shape of a fungus. The thin leg passes into the epithelial head. Treatment with papillomas is carried out by immunomodulating and antiviral drugs.
A cyst can form on the walls of the bladder. The neoplasm has a cavity. The bladder cyst is filled with urine. Walls of the built-up edge are very elastic and quickly stretch. When the cavity of the cyst is full of fluid, it bursts. This causes bladder peritonitis and sepsis of the bloodstream. Any cyst should be removed surgically. In medicine, laparoscopy is widely used. To do this, a small incision is introduced into the cavity of the small pelvis and the cyst is cut off. The damaged area is cauterized.
Any problems with the bladder require immediate treatment to the urologist. The specialist will identify the disease and help to eliminate it.
