Diseases Of The Intestine
Diseases Of The Intestine

Colitis of the intestine: symptoms, treatment in adults, nutrition

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1 Types of colitis

The appearance of intestinal colitis can be complicated by enteritis. Diseases appear together or separately. Nevertheless, with enteritis, the inflammatory process develops in the small intestine, while colitis affects the large intestine. The classification of pathology is very extensive, the ailment is represented by a large number of types.

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The acute stage of the pathology has bright symptoms. The causes of formation, forms are associated with the pathological activity of staphylococci, streptococci, salmonella and dysentery type organisms. The disease progresses very quickly, the patient has sharp spasms, rumbling in the abdomen, drawing pain and flatulence. In some cases, the body temperature rises.

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The malaise is general, the appetite may drop or disappear completely. In the present stage, the symptoms can be supplemented with diarrhea, during which mucus or blood is released. The formation of symptoms requires immediate assistance, so the patient should contact a medical facility.

Chronic colitis of the intestine is lethargic. Periodically, the patient has exacerbations. They occur under the influence of certain factors. These include malnutrition, the use of certain antibiotic-type drugs and stressful situations.

In patients with colitis, symptoms are characterized by the appearance of constipation. Often they can dramatically change to diarrhea. The stage of exacerbation is manifested as a urge to empty the intestines, but they are of a false nature. The disease can not do without unpleasant sensations. Often there is dull and aching pain. Its location is associated with the lower abdomen. In some cases, pain can extend to the left side of the hypochondrium. In the fecal masses there are flakes of mucus and veins from the blood.

A bitter taste develops in the patient's mouth, a feeling of nausea and bloating occurs. Common symptoms are manifested through malaise, frequent headaches. The patient is extremely tired, his working capacity is noticeably reduced. The body weight decreases, as many patients are afraid to overeat.

During treatment, the patient uses a lot of antibiotic drugs, which has negative aspects. The microbial flora of the intestine is disturbed, the patient may have beriberi, anemia and other phenomena. This is due to the lack of microorganisms, which are responsible for the production of vitamins, the assimilation of trace elements and the violation of absorption.

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2 Other forms of the disease

Ischemic form often develops in sick patients. The causes of the appearance are associated with a malfunction of the circulation, which occurs in the thick part of the intestine. The patient in this place narrowed the vessels, which is a consequence of the inflammatory process and damage to the atherosclerotic type. The disease manifests itself by the pain of the stitching type. It is often formed after eating, especially when overeating.

The reasons for the appearance of the drug type are associated with the long use of certain drugs. This is especially true for laxatives and antibiotics. Doctors prescribe them to eliminate other pathologies, but in most cases, drug colitis is formed as a complication. The causes of the formation of complications are associated with independent treatment, which in most cases is incorrect.

During toxic colitis, damage occurs due to poisoning by various substances. These include industrial toxins, toxic chemicals, household chemicals and others. The causes of the radiation form are associated with radiation exposure and the development of intestinal lesions. Radiation can be long-term or short-term, but this will be enough for the development of pathology.

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Causes of ulcerative colitis are associated with impairments that occur in the mucosa. Violations are necrotic. Doctors advise to exclude from the diet those foods that are food allergens. This helps to ease the patient's condition.

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The superficial type develops in the superficial layer of the intestine. Segmental stage progresses in a certain area. During the mucous form of the disease, irritation of the colon occurs. The catarrhal form can pass by itself if the patient has a good immune system. The presence of an infection in the intestines can cause an inflammatory process.

In the pseudomembranous type, a rapid multiplication of bacteria that carry out pathological activity is observed. This can occur as a result of taking antibiotics for a long period of time. Atrophic form has similar signs with other bowel diseases. Erosive type is considered the initial stage of the formation of a peptic ulcer.

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3 Diagnostic methods

Symptoms and treatment in adults require diagnosis. This helps to determine precisely the tactics that will effectively get rid of the pathology. The first stage of the diagnosis is the usual palpation. Feel the areas of the abdominal wall and colon, which were affected.

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The analysis of fecal masses is of great importance - a coprological study. During the development of pathology, the patient has various impurities in the feces in the form of cellulose, leukocytes and mucus. If the character of the disease is ulcerative, then in the feces there will be also admixtures of blood.

Instrumental methods of diagnosis allow to determine the exact location of the inflammatory process. Colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy and irrigoscopy are used. To determine the inflammation, the material for the biopsy is taken. The patient should prepare in advance for the diagnostic measures. It is required to change the diet and clean the large intestine.

The presence of inflammatory process of acute type is diagnosed due to high values ​​of leukocytes. Attention is also paid to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Similar indicators are detected during the laboratory blood test.

Diagnostic measures are necessary for women, men and young children. It is necessary to identify the origin of the disease, which will allow the treatment of chronic colitis and other types to be most effective. Important is the ability to distinguish pathology from another disease. Pancreatitis, gastritis, enteritis have similar symptoms to colitis. Sometimes the disease can manifest itself as during the development of tumors in the large intestine, therefore it is possible to recognize the disease and distinguish it from other pathologies only when contacting a medical institution.

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4 Treatment of disease

How to treat colitis of the intestine? To do this, establish the cause of the pathology. After the completion of the diagnostic phase, the question arises, what is the treatment for this ailment? To eliminate the disease, several methods should be used, then the result will be positive. Treatment of chronic colitis and other types may require the intervention of different specialists. These include a proctologist and gastroenterologist, but you may need the help of a surgeon.

An important component of treatment is diet. While eliminating the non-specific form, one should adhere to bed rest until the pain syndrome begins to subside. Elimination of ulcerative colitis can be carried out at home, but if the disease has reached a severe stage of development, then hospitalization is necessary.

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During the illness, it is required to eat baked or boiled food. It must necessarily be warm. The diet is only a fractional, the last dinner should take place no later than 7 pm. In the absence of obesity, one should fear a significant loss of body weight. In this case, the diet needs to be made hypercaloric, for which the daily calorie rate should be from 2500 to 3000.

In food, you need to enter more protein food. In order not to develop anemia and vitamin deficiency, it should be ensured that the necessary nutrients enter the body in the right quantity. It is required to compose a diet competently, while coordinating it with a specialist.

Some products have an irritant effect on the mucous membranes, especially the intestines, so their use increases the development of the inflammatory process. It should be abandoned completely. Such products are the following dishes and components:

  • alcoholic beverages;
  • sunflower seeds;
  • corn;
  • beans;
  • spices;
  • whole milk;
  • sharp and salty dishes;Dried apricots and prunes;
  • fatty meat;
  • raw vegetables;
  • mushrooms;
  • sparkling water.

If you use them, then in addition to the described consequences, there may be an increase in diarrhea. The patient is recommended to use products that are listed in the following list:

  • seafood;
  • liver;
  • low-fat fish;
  • fruit and berries;
  • orange and tomato juice;
  • lean meat: rabbit meat, white meat and veal;
  • boiled eggs;
  • cheese;
  • cereals.

How to treat chronic colitis and other types with the help of a medicamentous method? The presented technique is based on the type of ailment and the causes that led to the development of pathology. During the development of infectious forms, antibiotic agents should be used. Drugs are prescribed only by a specialist, independent use of any medication without consulting a doctor can cause great harm to your body.

If the poisoning caused colitis, the intake of absorbents is mandatory. They can eliminate toxins. The most famous and safe representative of the represented group is activated carbon. To relieve spasms, antispasmodics are used. A well-known drug of this category is no-shpa.

Drugs with adsorptive and antiseptic effects are represented by enterosgel and smecta. If a patient experiences severe vomiting, then it is necessary to consume large amounts of liquid. This also applies to the strong character of diarrhea. To avoid dehydration, you will need to use salt solutions of a special type. If the medication has caused the appropriate form, then you need to stop taking the medication.

5 Traditional medicine

Elimination of chronic intestinal colitis and other types can be achieved with the help of folk remedies. The patient should consult a doctor, and not use the funds at his discretion.

Often used for the treatment of women and men tincture of chamomile, sage and centaury. Each herb is required to take 1 tsp, add them to a glass and pour boiling water. The drug is applied every 2 hours for 1 tbsp. After a month, the dose should be lowered. An alternative option is to increase the interval between doses, the dose in this case is preserved.

The development of a constipated disease requires the use of onion juice every day. The amount of juice is small, for treatment per day only 1 tsp is needed. It is possible to make special beads, which will consist of the following components:

  • 50 g senes;
  • aloe leaf 3 pcs;Dried apricots and figs 200 g;
  • prunes 200 g.

All components are ground, mixed and separated into small balls. As a result of these actions should be about 20 small balls. They need to be taken shortly before going to bed. Use 1 ball per day.

Thus, different types of colitis require a special approach to treatment. Symptoms of the disease can be different, so an independent diagnosis and treatment at home will only do harm. If you have symptoms of the disease, you should consult your doctor.

Contents
  • 1 Types of colitis
  • 2 Other forms of illness
  • 3 Diagnostic methods
  • 4 Treatment of disease
  • 5 Traditional medicine

Colitis of the intestine, the symptoms are characterized by various manifestations. They depend on the stage of the disease and the type of illness. If symptoms of colitis occur, you should immediately consult a doctor .Procrastination is very dangerous, as the risk of developing a severe stage increases.

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