1 Disease code

The International Classification of Diseases has defined each type of disease its code. According to the ICD-10, the umbilical hernia has an international code - K42.This is the main code, but there are also subspecies, which are also assigned a special code.

Umbilical hernia is a protrusion in the area where the navel is located. In the anatomical plan, the hernia is marked:

• hernia gates;
• hernia sac;
• hernia contents( usually it is an intestinal loop).

What are the symptoms that a patient has this disease? A hernia, located in the navel, for a long time may not give any symptoms of its presence. Observe the first symptoms of the manifestation of the disease can be when the education is infringed.

When there are no symptoms, the following signs may indicate the presence of education:

• visible protrusion at the navel;
• in protrusion soft-elastic consistency;
• when the disease is in the very initial stage, then the protrusion can be easily corrected( such hernias are called easy-to-repair);
• in size hernial protrusion may vary depending on how long a hernia is present.

If the formation is impaired, then the course of the disease changes quite sharply. There are such symptoms as:

• strong pain in the area of ​​protrusion of the umbilical hernia;
• there is a violation of stool;
• in some cases, there may be an increase in body temperature;
• may develop nausea or vomiting;
• burp can have a rotten smell;
• appears weak, and appetite is lost.

This condition for the patient is dangerous, because there is a possibility of developing acute intestinal obstruction.

2 Causes of a disease

To form an umbilical hernia, several factors should be combined. It is an inborn factor and acquired in the process of life. The congenital factor is associated with a certain structure of the navel region in the anatomical plane. And the acquired factors include increased intra-abdominal pressure, which causes the abdominal organs to protrude.

Factors that are congenital are:

• weak umbilical ring;
• congenital anatomical defect;
• connective tissue dysplasia;
• weak abdominal muscles of the anterior abdominal wall.

Factors that arise during a person's life can be as follows:

• cough( especially this refers to a cough that occurs with chronic bronchitis or those who smoke);
• constipation;
• some kinds of professions( for example, musicians who play on wind instruments);
• busy physical work.

It is not so difficult to diagnose the presence of an umbilical hernia. To do this, you should conduct a very thorough examination, for which you will need to visit a specialist.

All other diagnostic measures are aimed at eliminating the likely complications of such an ailment. To understand whether the patient has this education, he needs to undergo a number of diagnostic procedures, such as:

1. ultrasound of the abdominal cavity.
2. Study of the radiographic plan. To it it is necessary to add a roentgen with application of contrast substances.
3. General analysis of urine. Such a study can show an inflammatory process that occurs against the background of infringement of the umbilical hernia.

If the treatment is untimely, then there is a possibility that various complications such as

• appearance of intestinal obstruction;
• peritonitis;
• is an infectious-toxic or painful shock;
• state of coma.

All this suggests that the treatment can not be delayed in any case. At the slightest suspicion of umbilical hernia, the patient should immediately consult a doctor and undergo the necessary examinations.

3 How is the umbilical hernia treated?

Treatment of umbilical hernia is mainly performed surgically. Waiting tactics are used only for newborns and children who have not yet turned a year old.

This tactic is as follows:

• is necessary, with special periodicity and dynamics, to observe the status of the umbilical ring;
• should be worn with special tools that will perform the function of supporting.

Surgical hernias are removed only in adults or those children whose expectant management has not resulted in any result.

The operation consists of several steps. First, a hernial sac is excreted. Return the contents of the hernial sac to the abdominal space. Eliminate the hernia gates.

With the help of a special net, the hernial gates are strengthened. Usually, in this operation, the patient is given a local anesthetic and within six months after it is forbidden to lift weights. Then it is allowed to return to the old way of life.

To prevent the formation of umbilical hernia, it is important to know what preventive measures should be observed. If a person is at risk, and he has an increased likelihood of umbilical hernia formation, a surgeon should be examined. Do this with a certain periodicity, so that any pathology can be detected as quickly as possible.

The examinations should include X-ray and ultrasound examinations. In addition, the following recommendations should be followed:

• to treat cough in a timely manner;
• to fight with constipation;
• with obesity is recommended to normalize body weight;
• to quit smoking;
• should not be lifted or worn.

If a patient still has an umbilical hernia, then it is recommended that he follow a certain lifestyle.

It is recommended to limit weight lifting. A special suspensions should be worn, which prevents the protrusion of hernia contents and subsequent infringement.

It is necessary to eat rationally and in a balanced way. This will eliminate the spastic contraction of the intestine. If necessary, doctors recommend surgical intervention.