Glucose is a necessary product for the human body. It is needed in order to provide cells with energy and nutrition. However, a high level of sugar in the blood and urine can also badly affect the condition of a person. A normal indicator of the amount of glucose in the blood in men and women is from 3.3 to 5.5 mmol / l.
How to identify
Often a person learns that the level of glucose in the body is increased when it comes to pass tests.
To determine the level of sugar in the blood, a person needs to come to the hospital in the morning on an empty stomach. Blood is taken from the finger.
In order to know the glucose content in the urine, it is necessary to collect all the urine within a day in a dry, clean jar. In the morning it is necessary to pour 100 g of the contents of the container in a sterile container and carry it to tests.
Reasons for
Very often a person does not even suspect that he can have high sugar. Why is it possible that the deviation from the norm is greater? There are some reasons for this to happen. Conventionally they can be divided into two groups:
- Natural;
- Those who report any violations in the body.
Natural causes of
Natural causes are those that do not depend on the diseases of the body. These include:
- Food intake. The fact is that every time after eating, both in men and women, within a few hours, there is an increase in blood sugar. This is the result of the assimilation of food.
- Low calorie consumption for large portions of food.
- Stresses, depression, constant nervous overstrain.
- Harmful habits - frequent consumption of alcohol, smoking.
- Women often have elevated levels of sugar during premenstrual syndrome.
- Some diuretics, steroids, contraceptives may also cause glucose in men and women.
Other causes of
The causes associated with human diseases are also diverse. Most often these are endocrine system diseases. These include:
- Diabetes mellitus. This disease causes insulin hormone insufficiency, which is necessary for glucose metabolism. A person can lose vision, weight in a large or a smaller direction, he is constantly thirsty, urination becomes quite frequent, immunity is very weak, which can often lead to infectious diseases. If you do not take the necessary medicines with diabetes, then a sharp increase in sugar can occur, which will negatively affect the body.
- In addition to diabetes, there is still a disease such as pheochromocytoma .In the blood there is an excess of adrenaline and norepinephrine, which causes an increase in blood sugar and urine. In this case, a person's blood pressure rises, a hypertensive crisis may occur, and the heart rate becomes frequent.
- Thyroid disease also causes a rise in glucose level.
- Diseases of the pancreas. After all, it is she who produces insulin, which is necessary for the metabolism of glucose. Therefore, with pancreatitis or tumors of this organ, one can observe an increase in the sugar content.
- Diseases of the liver. The fact is that glucose stores are stored in this body. Therefore, when cirrhosis, hepatitis or other liver diseases occur, the amount of sugar increases.
Causes of increased sugar in a child
For an infant, characteristic hypoklemia is a low level of sugar. This can be explained by the peculiarities of metabolism. The older the child becomes, the higher the glucose content in his blood. If the analysis reveals an excess of the norm, then this indicates the presence of any pathologies. These include:
- Diabetes mellitus. Many people think that this is a disease of adults. However, it is not. Very often the child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes , in which the pancreas can not produce the required amount of insulin.
- Diseases of the thyroid gland.
- Tumor diseases of the adrenal glands. In this case, an increase in the production of cortisol or adrenaline may occur, as a result of which the sugar index increases.
- Pituitary tumor. In this case, the amount of adrenocorticotropic hormone increases, which in turn affects the increase in glucose level.
- Frequent and long stressful conditions.
If the sugar content in the child's test is higher than normal, then the parents should be alert and check for other diseases.
Causes of increased sugar in pregnancy
During pregnancy, it is very important for a woman to ensure that the glucose level in her body is in line with the norm. After all, the health of her and her future child depends on this. There are certain reasons why abnormalities can arise:
- The most important reason is that the load on the pancreas increases. As a result, it does not have time to produce the necessary amount of insulin.
- In pregnancy, the increase in sugar can occur due to overweight women.
- If the next of kin had such a disease as diabetes, then most likely a woman will have a deviation in the amount of sugar from the norm during pregnancy.
- If in previous pregnancies the glucose level also increased.
A woman during pregnancy needs to remember that raising blood sugar and urine levels can lead to negative consequences.
Treatment of
Before starting to treat high sugar, it is necessary to establish precisely the reasons for this. And try to get rid of them. To do this, you need:
- Revise the power. If necessary, it is worth to go on a diet to get rid of excess weight. It must be developed together with a doctor, so as not to harm the body. Try to eat less in the food of sweets, fried, fatty and smoked food. Eat about 6 times a day in small portions.
- You need to drink plenty of water a day - about 2 liters.
- Increase physical activity. It is not necessary to begin to work hard in sports, you can just walk more. In oxygen-saturated cells, glucose is digested correctly and does not lead to any disturbances.
- It is necessary to abandon bad habits.
- Doctors often prescribe drug therapy to achieve normalization of blood sugar levels.
- There are many folk remedies that will also help to cope with this problem. However before their reception it is necessary to consult to the attending physician.
- It is necessary to monitor the level of sugar yourself. To do this, you can purchase a glucometer in the pharmacy, which is fairly simple to use. In addition, they can measure the glucose level even in a child.
Increased sugar is not a very pleasant result of tests. However, do not despair. It is better to follow all the recommendations of doctors and try to follow a healthy lifestyle.
