Ovaries excrete sex hormones and promote the maturation of the egg, which leads to pregnancy. On the reproductive healthy process of the female body, the inflammatory process of the ovaries causes a dangerous effect. It is also called oophoritis, it occurs together with inflammation of the uterine tubes. Basically, this disease occurs in girls of childbearing age. The process of inflammation can have severe symptoms or without them at all. The disease develops if there is a foci of infection next to the ovary and a change in the immune defense occurs.
The shape, size and structure of the ovaries depend on the age of the girl. After the end of puberty, the ovaries begin to function fully. And at the moment when menopause comes, the hormonal function of this organ is completed, the age of involution comes, that is, their size decreases. The ovary has a belly coat, which helps protect it from entering unnecessary microorganisms.
Causes of ovarian inflammation
The disease of the paired gland is of infectious origin. The onset of the disease has a pathogenic or conditionally pathogenic microflora. Pathogenic microflora includes:
- viruses;
- chlamydia;
- Spirochetes.
Conditionally pathogenic:
- streptococci;
- mycoplasma;
- of staphylococci;
- wand in the intestine.
Gonococci provokes a specific type of disease. Mostly, the disease is caused by microbial associations.
The main source of the disease is the uterine tube with infections. These organs have a similar development and the origin of inflammation. In the tube infection comes from the vagina, cervix and uterus. In rare cases, this is affected by foci of a chronic disease, and in this case, infection of the appendages occurs through the blood vessels.
Healthy internal female organs can not become inflamed due to a single penetration of the infection, as they are excellent at curing emerging infections. In patients who have a weakened and unfavorable background, and disease occurs. The pipes are initially affected.
Menstruation, pregnancy are considered physiological provoking diseases. Since there is a decrease in immune defense, hormonal failure.
Symptoms of ovarian inflammation
Basically, there is a single mechanism for the development of the disease. In the mucous membrane of the fallopian tubes, the developing processes of the disease occur. The wall of the tube begins to grow because of the growth of glandular structures, edema. Then there is an inflammatory fluid with microbes. After the walls of the tube begin to stick together, a bag with a serous content is formed. Inflammation occurs in other organs in the presence of microtrauma on the ovary. The ovary will gradually grow, small spikes will appear, the folds of the belly coat will stick together.
If the stage of the disease is acute, there will be pain of a strong character in the groin on the side of the diseased ovary and it can give to the lumbar region, rectum. With the disease of the right ovary, it may seem that there is an attack of appendicitis, and in the left - an attack of renal colic.
It is worth paying attention to such symptoms as:
- fever;
- strong palpitations;
- chills;
- severe menstruation or its termination;
- pain in the lower abdomen.
In chronic disease, the following signs are made:
- sleep disturbance;
- failure in the menstrual cycle;
- irritability;
- dull pain, aggravated by stress, experience, loss of strength.
Chronic course of the disease
In chronic ovarian disease, mainly there is a disease of the pelvic organs. This can be a continuation of the acute process in the event that there was no proper treatment. But it can also be that there were no signals that occur during the acute stage of the disease. Constant inflammation lasts a long time and brings many problems for women. It is a difficult task to treat this ailment. A prolonged stage leads to infertility, to miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy.
Symptoms of oophoritis can be different. Some have a connection not with a change in the ovaries, but with a neurosis. The main complaints are aching and dull pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes worse. There may also be reflected pain in the region of the sacrum, the superficial area and inside the vagina. Malfunctions of the menstrual cycle, namely, if it is plentiful, prolonged, painful, also speak of illness.
In women, the sexual function is disrupted, that is, there are pains during intercourse, the sex drive decreases. There are also problems in the secretory function of the tubes. With a constant oophoritis, there is a failure in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary system.
Diagnosis
Symptoms of oophoritis are blurred, as the acute form is similar to the symptoms of an acute abdomen in other ailments. This affects the diagnosis process.
The diagnosis of the oophoritis is made according to the following data:
- Anamnesis of the gynecological type and present disease. Gynecologic history is the data on abortions, cured inflammation of the appendages, complications during childbirth, intrauterine pregnancy. Anamnesis of the disease includes the place of pain, its nature, discharge, state of health, hypothermia.
- Analyzes from the laboratory. The white blood cell count in urine, a general blood test, indicates inflammation. Take a smear from the urethra, the vagina.
- Pelvic examination with ultrasound.
- Examination of a gynecologist. Diagnosis of the growth, soreness of the ovaries, changes in the motor functions of the uterine appendages.
- Hysterosalpingoscopy helps to determine changes in the anatomy of the fallopian tubes due to prolonged illness.
- Bacteriological analysis. It determines the presence of hidden infections, the search for a pathogen.
- Laparoscopy is the most informative method of diagnosing and helps to examine the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes.
Treatment of
The treatment process directly depends on the degree of the disease. There is no universal medicine for curing this disease and for every woman everything is selected individually. Hospitalization is necessary if the type of inflammation is acute or subacute. After the acute attacks, the patient is sent to an outpatient treatment. Treatment of acute ovarian inflammation involves the use of antibiotic therapy for no more than 10 days. Also intramuscular injections and pain medications can be prescribed. It is also necessary to take antihistamine, immunostimulating and antiviral drugs.
After acute symptoms have passed, physiotherapy is prescribed, namely:
- magnetotherapy;
- iontophoresis with calcium and copper;
- electrophoresis with drugs;
- radon baths.
The doctor must necessarily adjust the hormonal background, as well as restore the menstrual two-phase cycle. The doctor should, when choosing a method of treatment, talk with a woman about her desire to have another baby. A woman may receive a local treatment.
Treatment during pregnancy
There is a rule that some medicines can not be taken during pregnancy. Before the planned pregnancy, partners should undergo a test, after which it will be necessary to undergo a course of treatment.
During pregnancy, if symptoms of inflammation occur, rapid hospitalization will be required. An intravenous route to a woman will be administered antibiotics. The inflammatory process can be repeated many times, the pregnant woman should take care of her health. Another woman will have to go to a gynecological massage.
In some cases, namely, if the cause of inflammation are pathogenic microorganisms leading to sexually transmitted diseases, it will be necessary to terminate the pregnancy in order to eliminate the negative consequences.
If there was no exacerbation of the disease, but there was an infection, then there is a probability that there will be infection of the fetus. And if the fetus is still healthy, then the doctor can advise you to do a caesarean section to avoid infection.
Prevention
Everyone knows that it is better to do prevention than treatment. For this it is necessary to adhere to certain rules. Every woman should follow the intimate hygiene and sexual life of , that is, if there are fewer sexual partners, the chance to get sick decreases. During sexual intercourse, it is worthwhile to use condoms, special ointments and suppositories. We need to acquire reliable contraceptives. Abortions cause the body to weaken, and as a result, inflammation may occur.
It is not necessary to be supercooled, wearing kapron tights, short skirts during the cool season. Psychological and physical overload, lack of sleep, starvation and low-calorie diets lead to poor influence on the woman's body. The best option is calmness, healthy sleep, full nutrition.
In time it is necessary to treat dysbacteriosis, caries, gastritis, sore throat. Girls should have a daily routine with the allocation of time for rest and work. If there were initial symptoms of the disease, then immediately you need to contact a specialist.
