Organic personality disorder and behavior: types, symptoms, treatment

Disorder types

Organic psychiatric disorders are divided into the following types and forms:

1. Organic is an emotionally labile asthenic disorder - in this case, the pathology manifests itself as weakness and excessive manifestations of tearfulness, decreased motor levels and fits of consciousness, dizziness and rapid fatigue( asthenia).
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2. Asthenic organic disorder is a persistent nature, a change in the patient's psychological state, combining both neuroses and cerebrogenetic pathologies with symptoms that are inherent in any lesions of the cerebral vessels. This form of impairment manifests itself at all stages of the course of the disease, right up to the final stage - the vascular theology of dementia.
3. Symptomatic psychiatric disorders is a typical phenomenon for the somatic nature of pathologies, which manifests itself in the inability to concentrate attention for a long time and in rapid fatigue, characterized by a weakening of the patient's memory and excessive vulnerability of the psyche. Along with this, the patient may suffer from a failure in sleep and hypertension.
4. Anxiety disorder - this form of pathology manifests itself tremor and sensation of trembling, rapid rhythm of contraction of the heart muscle and pallor of the skin, dryness in the oral cavity and bouts of anxiety, unreasonable fear.
5. Schizophrenic-like is an organic personality disorder and behavior, in this case the patient is diagnosed with delusions, constant or periodic, changes in the personality structure, development of delusions and flickering of pictures, most often on religious topics. As an option - the patient can develop impairment of consciousness and paranoia, accompanied by attacks of ecstasy and excessive arousal.
6. Exogenous-organic type of disorder - this form of pathology is characterized by manifestations of excessive suspiciousness and intellectual disorders, increased uncontrollability and aggressiveness, a certain bitterness.
7. Depressive disorder personality of organic etiology - this pathology occurs in practice, both therapists and neurologists. She is characterized by somatoneurological symptoms, which will prevail over the mental manifestations of the disorder. In this case, the patient's doctors diagnose excessive and rapid fatigue, memory and appetite disorder, a feeling of dryness in the oral cavity and frequent urge to urinate.
8. Affective type of disorder - most often occurs against the backdrop of a failure in the endocrine system when the patient stops taking hormonal drugs, or as a consequence of the development of tumors in the brain, head injuries.
9. Speech disorder is an organic type-this kind of pathology can occur in both adults and children. The primary cause of this form of the disease is atherosclerosis, which affects the vessels of the brain, diabetes mellitus or hypertension.
10. Residual-organic disorder - most often this pathology manifests itself in childhood or adolescence and is a consequence of the organic nature of the CNS lesion. The presented form of violation manifests itself in the idea of ​​mental retardation and inadequate reactions of psychological theology.
11. The disorder caused by the vascular nature of , which develops due to various vascular pathologies affecting the brain - this is hypertension, suffered heart attack, stroke, etc. This disease differs from other similar, lack of psychopathological signs of a neurological disorder.
12. The disorder of the complex genesis of is diagnosed by doctors with more than one cause for the development of a personality disorder of organic etiology.

Organic emotionally labile disorder

By this term, doctors mean a painful condition in which the patient exhibits permanent or depressive attacks of incontinence, nervousness and rapid fatigue, discomfort at the physical level, of varying nature, pain attacks.

In the medical field, this disorder is known as asthenia - this disorder is most often a consequence of a disease in its severe form of flow, - hypertension and a malfunction in the blood flow of the circulatory system, which supplies the brain, stroke, and so on.

With respect to the characteristic symptomatology, this pathology manifests itself as general weakness and photophobia, attacks of headache and rapid fatigue. The patient has reduced motor and motor activity, there is a failure in concentration of attention, the level of irritability and tearfulness increases. In the matter of reasons that provoke the development of this form of organic disorder, physicians distinguish those:

• head trauma;
• pathology of the vascular system;
• HIV and epilepsy;
• viral or bacterial theology of neuroinfection;
• diagnosis of systemic and somatic pathologies, neurosyphilis and neuroside;
• neoplasms affecting the brain.

With regard to diagnosing this form of disorder, the main efforts are aimed at assessing the patient's condition, the severity of his personality and establishing the root cause that triggered the condition.

Treatment is a course of complex therapy and first of all physicians prescribe medicines from the group of nootropics and nonspecific stimulants. In addition, doctors prescribe vitamins and a course of physiotherapy.

Asthenic disorder of organic nature

Organic asthenic personality disorder is a psychological state of a persistent nature with cerebrosthenic and neurosis-like symptoms. It develops against the background of diseases of the brain of the vascular etiology.

In the initial stages of the disease, the disease manifests itself in the form of a cerebral form of asthenia, but in the absence of treatment it passes to the stage of vascular dementia.

The reasons for the development of this pathology may be hereditary predisposition and emotional experience of a severe form suffered by the patient, as well as the lack of a full-fledged opportunity to relax, unfavorable climate in the family and at work, and large amounts of work.

Organic asthenic personality disorder manifests itself by such symptoms:

• manifestation of pronounced asthenic disorder is a bright manifestation of nervousness and discomfort at the physical level, attacks of pain of different nature and localization;
• power decline and fatigue, tearful attacks;
• acute perception of external stimuli and attacks of headache;
• sleep disturbance and other signs.

The very same diagnosis of organic asthenic disorder doctors put in cases where the patient does not reveal deep pathological disorders of consciousness.

Treatment of organic personality disorder begins with a primary diagnosis - it is a competent and correct interpretation of the information received from the patient of the evaluation of the results of analyzes. The main methods of diagnosing are the definition of a patient's psychological portrait, the collection of an anamnesis of the course of the disease, laboratory studies and analysis of all subjective complaints, measurement of pressure, and pulse frequency. Additional methods of research are - ECHO-cardiogram, CT and ultrasound.

The process of treatment is a long and laborious process aimed at eliminating negative manifestations and excluding all the underlying causes that triggered the disease.

In order to increase the capacity for work and diagnose chronic fatigue, adaptogens are prescribed, tonic drugs that increase the body's resistance to negative external and internal factors. In addition, nootropics and antidepressants of the inhibitory group can be prescribed.

Forecasts of modern medics are positive, but with timely diagnosis and treatment of pathology. In the absence of timely treatment - the disease goes to the stage of vascular dementia, in which the patient's forecasts are very negative.

Emotionally labile asthenic psychopathy

Speaking of what are emotionally labile and asthenic disorders - this is in every case of organic nature a lesion caused by somatic or infectious diseases of the central nervous system and the brain.

The essence of them is that it affects both the vascular system of the brain and, as a consequence, the psychological and emotional state, provoked by excessive stress, trauma, nervous overstrain, encephalitis or a brain tumor, is disturbed.

Symptomatic manifests itself as fatigue and frustration, attacks of headache and irritability, decreased motor activity and attention, increased blood pressure.

Diagnosis is carried out based on the collection of anamnesis of the patient and drawing up his psychological portrait, revealing the causes of pathology. Treatment of the disease is medication, and a course of psychological correction is also prescribed.

Organic emotional-labile asthenic disorder is differentiated with neurotic disorder such as neurasthenia or other specific disorders that are caused by stress or external and internal psychological factors, but in this case there is no characteristic anamnesis of pathology.

Distinctions of asthenic disorder from the clinical manifestation of neurasthenia, provoked by physical and mental overload, are revealed after the establishment of the underlying cause that provoked the organic disorder.

Organic anxiety disorder

Most depressions of organic nature begin with the development of an anxiety state. So anxiety, panic attacks in half the cases are inherent in acute impairment of blood circulation in the brain and in diagnosing myocardial infarction.

The causes that cause this disorder are cardinal and cerebral disorders, vascular pathological changes in the brain, disruption in the endocrine system, head trauma.

Symptomatic of pathology manifests itself in the form of bouts of anxiety and tremor, trembling in the epigastric region and spasms in the navel, tension of the muscular ring around the scalp, tachycardia attacks and quickening of the breath, pallor of the skin or reddening, dryness in the oral cavity.

The course of treatment involves the reception of tranquilizers, which have an anxiolytic effect - most often it is Mebicar, Buspirone. Duration of admission - no more than a two-week course.

Therapeutic course can be completed by taking antipsychotics and antidepressants for the night.

Delusional psychopathy

An organic delusional personality disorder - a psychological nature of a pathology in which a patient has permanent or recurrent, incorrect and false beliefs, beliefs that dominate the overall picture of the disease.

The causes of the disease doctors are still not accurately established. According to some scientists, the disease can be hereditary, biological in nature, when the body has an imbalance in the level of neurotransmitters, and there may also be an effect of external factors - alcohol abuse and stressful situations, depression, head trauma.

The main symptoms are persistent delusions of delirium, and in the case of an acute form of the disease, nervous system disorders also manifest themselves.

The chronic form of the disease will show itself negative symptoms for a sufficiently long period of time.

Diagnose pathology on the basis of a patient's interview and a history of the disease, neurologists or psychiatrists mark those signs that are not characteristic of schizophrenia - persecution of the patient by a delusional idea or thought.

Treatment of the disorder is complex, the patient passes both the drug course and the psychotherapeutic adjustment of behavior.

The main task of psychological adjustment is to switch the patient's attention from the subject of his disorder to other, realistic goals.

The drug treatment course involves the appointment and reception of neuroleptics by the patient, and in the diagnosis of depression - tranquilizers and the course of antidepressants.

Schizophreniform disorder

Organic schizophreniform disorder is diagnosed in 5 of 100 patients with epilepsy. Often the disorder is accompanied by psychoses - this condition can last up to several years.

The cause of this form of psychopathy is most often temporal epilepsy, as well as focal lesions of the brain in the temporal and parietal zone of the brain, after the patient's encephalitis.

The disease can have, as a chronic course, with persistent schizophrenic symptoms, and manifest itself in a series of schizoid seizures with delusional ideas that are similar in type to epileptic seizures.

The productive symptomatology of the pathology is manifested in the form of imaginary delusional pictures, most of them religious in color, manifesting both depression and impaired consciousness, as well as a paranoid form of psychosis.

Diagnosis of the disease - identifying the main, provoking pathology, as well as specific signs of emotional impairment of the person - these are paranoid experiences, ecstasy, visual or auditory hallucinations.

Treatment of the disease is aimed at eliminating its main manifestation - the symptoms of schizophrenia and delirium. Most often, doctors prescribe a course of taking Aminazine, Carbamazepine or Depakin.

Organic personality disorder is a serious disorder, the treatment of which involves an integrated approach. With timely access to doctors and the appointment of an appropriate course of treatment - predictions for patients are positive.