Why there is and is a lump in the throat - the main reasons

A lump in the throat is a condition accompanied by a feeling of pressureand a dense lump that hinders breathing and prevents swallowing. The causes of this phenomenon can be quite harmless, associated with a violation of innervation or organic( caused by tumor and inflammatory processes).Finally, it is possible to determine the provoking factor and make the correct diagnosis only after a careful laboratory and instrumental examination.

Coma in the throat: variants of the manifestation

The feeling of a lump in the throat can be a symptom of many somatic or psychological pathologies. Often, such signs appear with endocrine diseases, infectious and neoplastic lesions. How do patients describe these symptoms? The main complaint is the sensation of a foreign object in the throat, which prevents free breathing and causes pain when swallowing. Describing their condition, patients talk about the inability to take a deep breath, mention the squeezing of the pharynx, the spasm of the larynx muscles, at which there is a sense of the presence of a solid lump in the Adam's apple.

What to do if there is a lump in the throat, what diseases can cause such manifestations and what kind of doctor to contact, learn from our article.

Causes of a coma in the throat

Why is a lump in the throat - it is with this issue that the patient comes to the doctor. But the reasons provoking such a symptom are so many that even an experienced specialist can diagnose only after receiving the results of the survey. Let us dwell in more detail on the most common conditions that cause a sensation of a lump in the throat.

Psychosomatic factor

According to medical statistics, the sensation of a lump in the throat is very often associated with psychosomatic causes. In this case, they speak of a neurotic( hysterical) coma in the throat that appears in response to a severe psychotraumatic factor, stress, intense excitement or fear. Many of us experienced this condition before passing an important exam or by visiting the dentist's office.

During the research it was found out that neurotic disorders most often affect men and women, whose activities are associated with high mental stress and prolonged psychoemotional overstrain at work or during studies. As if a lump in the throat rises in front of many young people before an important interview and other crucial, momentous moments in life.

And it turns out that often in the history of such persons there is a diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia. That is, the cause of discomfort is the lability of the autonomic nervous system, which can provoke panic attacks and the accompanying sensation of a lump in the throat.

The pathology caused by the psychogenic factor develops according to a simple mechanism. Stress, fear or excessive excitement causes the release of adrenaline and norepinephrine. Stress hormones excite the nervous system, which sends a large number of chaotic signals to the muscles, leading them to an increased tone and provoking a spasm of the muscles of the pharynx, which is perceived as a lump in the throat.

In a healthy person, this sensation passes shortly after the elimination of the psychotraumatic factor( passing the exam, ending an unpleasant procedure, etc.).If the symptom is persistent, it is necessary to contact a neurologist who will prescribe certain medications( tranquilizers, nootropics, antidepressants).

Diseases of ENT organs

The sensation of a foreign body in the throat is a characteristic sign of catarrhal and purulent processes in the upper respiratory tract. Infectious diseases of the ENT organs are accompanied by swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa and other pathological changes in the tissues and cause a characteristic feeling of squeezing and difficulty breathing.

Pathogens bacteria( pneumococci, staphylococci), viruses, fungi become an infectious agent. The danger of the inflammatory process in ENT pathologies is that the infection progresses rapidly, prevents free breathing and leads to hypoxia( lack of oxygen).In the absence of timely treatment, the risk of complications increases - pneumonia, otitis, sinusitis, and sinusitis.

What diseases cause a sensation of a lump in the throat?

• Pharyngitis is an inflammatory process in the tissues of the pharynx. It is accompanied by pain when swallowing and talking, dryness, a sore throat and a sensation of a lump that hampers breathing.
• Laryngitis is an inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa. In this case, the symptoms of discomfort, pain, raspiraniya and the presence of a foreign object are expressed brighter, since the organ is anatomically located deeper.
• Angina( tonsillitis) - inflammation of the lymphatic tissues of the pharyngeal ring( often palatine tonsils).Catarrhal processes( especially purulent) in addition to severe discomfort, pain, intoxication cause an atrophy, and in severe cases, necrosis of the tonsils, as well as the sensation of a foreign body in the throat and difficulty with swallowing.

Allergy manifestations

Suddenly developing severe allergic reactions are accompanied by edema of the respiratory tract, sensation of a coma in the throat, difficulty breathing. Especially dangerous in this regard is the edema of Quincke, which can manifest itself in response to any provoking factor( food, medicines, plant pollen, insect bites, etc.).In this case, the victim needs urgent medical assistance, delay is threatened with choking and death.

Sluggish allergic reactions are similar in many respects to symptoms of ARVI.The patient complains of dry cough, nasal congestion, lacrimation, throat swelling, difficulty breathing and foreign body sensation in the pharynx. To ease the patient's condition will help the reception of antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs that prevent the development of mediators of inflammation, eliminate puffiness, facilitate breathing and stop other unpleasant symptoms.

Endocrine pathology

Thyroid dysfunction is often accompanied by a sensation of a coma in the throat, as the glandular tissues of the organ increase in volume and squeeze the respiratory throat. Constant sensation of a lump can appear at following pathologies:

• Diffuse struma. Autoimmune disease, which develops due to increased production of thyroid hormones. Typical manifestations of the disease are an increase in the size of the thyroid gland, limb tremor, weakness, sweating, exophthalmos( bulging of eyeballs).
• Hyperthyroidism. The state of hyperthyroidism leading to hypertrophy of glandular tissues. Symptoms of the disease - increased irritability, puffiness of the face, swelling, a feeling of squeezing, pain when swallowing and lump in the throat.
• Thyroiditis. Inflammation of thyroid tissue, provoked by various pathogenic factors. The main symptoms of the disease - a constant sensation of a coma in the throat, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, irritability, fatigue.

When suspected of endocrine diseases, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination and receive medical treatment aimed at eliminating thyroid dysfunction.

Diseases of the digestive tract

If after eating there is a lump in the throat, belching, heartburn, sour taste in the mouth, pain in the abdominal area, nausea - most likely, the cause is gastroenterological problems.

Unpleasant symptoms are most often associated with such pathologies as gastroesophageal disease, gastritis, hiatal hernia. Disturbance of digestive processes is often accompanied by throwing of gastric juice into the esophagus, which causes irritation of the mucosa and provokes a feeling of squeezing and lumps in the throat.

Osteochondrosis

protrusions develop due to osteochondrosis

Patients with cervical osteochondrosis usually have symptoms such as sore throat, headaches, a feeling of squeezing when swallowing and soreness when turning the neck.

They are caused by neurovegetative disorders developing against a background of degenerative-inflammatory changes in the intervertebral discs. It is through the cervical spinal column that the nerve endings pass, innervating the muscles of the respiratory tract, hence the sensation of the lump, the fear of suffocation, difficulty breathing and other unpleasant manifestations.

Oncology

The constant sensation of compression in the pharynx, accompanied by a dry cough, can be a sign of a malignant tumor of the larynx or trachea, which at first develops almost asymptomatically.

The feeling of a lump in the throat arises from the fact that a growing tumor squeezes the larynx. If these symptoms are associated with weakness, discomfort when swallowing, you should hurry to the doctor and go through the necessary examination. With the timely detection of malignant process, the prognosis is quite favorable.

Diagnosis

If you have an anxiety symptom, you should first seek advice from a therapist. In order to establish the cause of the appearance of lumps in the throat, the following diagnostic methods are used:

• laboratory methods of investigation( blood tests - general, biochemistry, for the content of teriotropic hormones);
• examine and palpate the neck, thyroid, lymph nodes;
• examination of the oral cavity, tonsils, larynx( laryngoscopy);
• pharyngoscopy;
• smear from the throat;
• thyroid ultrasound;
• gastric emptying or gastric intubation;
• X-ray of the cervical spine;
• MRI or CT of tissues of the neck and thyroid.

If a doctor suspects of various pathologies, the doctor will prescribe an appropriate method of examination, which will help to make an accurate diagnosis and undergo the necessary treatment.

When detecting the main disease( endocrine pathologies, problems with the gastrointestinal tract or spinal column, etc.), narrow specialists are involved in the treatment process - endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, neurologist, oncologist. If no pathological changes in the throat are revealed, then the cause of unpleasant sensations associated with the appearance of lumps and compression, consider the psychogenic factor.

Treatment

In view of the underlying disease that provokes a sensation of a lump in the throat, the specialist will select the necessary treatment methods. So, to eliminate the psychogenic factor and stress conditions, the patient will be assigned sedatives. In light cases, drugs are used on a plant basis( tincture of motherwort, valerian, peony), in more complex situations, the doctor will prescribe tranquilizers, antidepressants or nootropics.

When osteochondrosis of the cervical spine will help anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs, chondroprotectors, vitamin complexes, physical therapy, massage and exercise therapy. Tumors of the neck( benign and malignant) are treated surgically. In the oncology process, radiation and chemotherapy are used.

With diseases of the digestive tract, treatment will be aimed at restoring normal functions and motor functions of the digestive organs, excluding the casting of aggressive stomach contents into the esophagus.

In infectious ENT diseases, a course of antibiotics or antiviral agents is prescribed and other methods of complex treatment, including surgical intervention, are used to eliminate purulent abscesses.

COM in the throat - treatment of the thyroid gland

The thyroid gland is treated by a doctor - an endocrinologist. Only a specialist can choose an individual treatment regimen taking into account the patient's condition and the severity of the pathology.

This may be a course of drug therapy or surgery. Preliminary conduct a thorough diagnosis, clarify the diagnosis and only then select the necessary medication to eliminate the hormonal imbalance or lack of iodine in the body, provoking a violation of the thyroid function.

Treatment of a coma in the throat with folk remedies

Traditional medicine offers many proven tools that can help eliminate the feeling of a coma in the throat if it is not associated with dangerous pathologies, but is caused by a psychogenic factor, cold infections and other related diseases.

In order to cope with excessive excitement, fear, stressful situation, it is recommended to take broths of herbs with a soothing effect. In any pharmacy you can buy ready-made phytopreparations based on valerian, mint, motherwort, peony, chamomile and brew them at home according to the instructions indicated on the package.

It helps to relax and calm down a cup of green tea with mint, melissa and honey or a warm bath with sea salt, essential oils and decoctions of herbs. Normalize the emotional state will help adherence to the regime of the day, adequate nutrition, long walks in the fresh air, exercise, swimming, the rejection of bad habits.

In cervical osteochondrosis at home, you can perform simple exercises, do self-massage or refer to alternative methods of treatment-acupuncture and manual therapy.

In case of thyroid dysfunction, diet should be reviewed and include more products containing iodine-marine fish, seafood, salad with seaweed, chicken egg yolks, dairy products.

If you have problems with the digestive system, you must follow a certain diet prescribed by your doctor as a gastroenterologist. Usually it involves the exclusion from the diet of acute, fatty, heavy, carbohydrate food and transition to an easy milky-vegetable diet.

ENT infections

In ENT infections, the most effective relief is the condition of various rinses. An excellent result gives a rinse of the throat with sea water, which contains a whole range of useful micro and macro elements. Plus, sea water has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects. It is enough to add in 200ml of warm water 1/3 tbsp.salt, 2-3 drops of iodine and rinse with this remedy several times a day to get rid of the sensation of the lump.

A good result is to rinse the throat with water with the addition of apple cider vinegar( 1 tea per 200ml of water) or a decoction of mint. Mint has a powerful softening and soothing effect, quickly removes irritation in the throat and eliminates discomfort. To prepare a decoction enough 2 tbsp.l. Dry mint pour a glass of water and cook over low heat for 5 minutes. Then, the broth is filtered and used in a warm form for rinsing.

Honey and bee products are an excellent antiseptic, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory action. It is recommended to gargle with a decoction of propolis several times a day, this will help to eliminate perspiration and dryness, will help reduce the pain, inflammation and sensation of a foreign body in the throat.

Another popular recipe - rinse with broth chamomile and calendula. These herbs have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and antimicrobial properties. The broth, cooked on their basis, quickly calms the irritated mucous, removes puffiness and facilitates breathing. Prepare it according to the classical scheme - 1 tbsp.l.dry vegetable raw materials for 200ml of boiling water. The composition is insisted for 15-20 minutes, filtered, diluted with water and used to rinse the sore throat.